Extraction process and composition identification of anthocyanins from xinjiang wild Prunus cerasifera fruit peel.

To extract anthocyanins from wild Prunus cerasifera fruit peel and to identify the main compositions. The effects of extraction solvent, solid-to-liquid ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature on the extraction rate of anthocyanins were determined using colorimetric method, differential spectrophotometry and L9 (34) orthogonal experiment. The structure of the anthocyanins extracted from wild Prunus cerasifera fruit peel was preliminarily identified by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. And hydroxyl radical scavenging rate and DPPH radical scavenging rate were used to investigate the antioxidant activity of Xinjiang cherry anthocyanin in vitro. The highest extraction rate of anthocyanins was acquired under the conditions including 1% HCl-methanol, solid-to-liquid ratio =1:5, extraction temperature 55°C and extraction time 80 minutes. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry results showed that the main compositions of anthocyanins were cyanidin 3-galactoside, cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-rutinoside and cyanidin 3-xyloside. The results of antioxidant test showed that Xinjiang cherry anthocyanin had certain scavenging effect on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylphenylhydrazine (DPPH•) and hydroxyl radical (•OH), but was weaker than Vc. Findings from this study provide evidence for extraction process and composition identification of anthocyanins from Xinjiang wild Prunus cerasifera fruit peel.

Isolation, purification, and structural elucidation of polysaccharides from Alhagi-honey.

The polysaccharide extract (PE) of Uyghur medicinal preparation Alhagi-honey was prepared by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. The purified polysaccharide AP1-1 was obtained from PE by macroporous adsorption resin chromatography, DEAE cellulose chromatography, and Sephadex gel chromatography; the homogeneity and the molecular weight of AP1-1 were determined by gel filtration; and the acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and NMR analysis were used to analyze the chemical structure of AP1-1. The result showed that AP1-1 was a homogeneous polysaccharide, whose relative molecular weight was 9.97 × 10(4). Through high-performance capillary electrophoresis analysis, we found that its molecular structure was composed of mannose, glucose, galactose, and galacturonic acid with a molar ratio of about 1.1:1.9:3.9:2.1. The main chain of AP1-1 was mainly made up of → 4)ß-d-GalpA-(1 → 4)ß-d-GalpA-(1 → 4)-ß-d-Galp-(1 → 4)-ß-d-Galp-(1 → 6)α-d-Glcp-(1 → 4)α-d-Glcp(1 → , while the side chain is composed of → 6)-α-d-Glcp and 2-CH3-α-d-Man.

[Determination of elements in branches and leaves and the fruits of Sorbus tianschanica Ruper. from different habitats in Xinjiang by microwave digestion-ICP-AES].

The contents of ten elements Ca, K, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb and As in branches and leaves and the fruits of Sorbus tianschanica Ruper. from different habitats in Xinjiang were determined by ICP-AES using microwave digestion. The study indicated that the contents of elements in branches and leaves and the fruits of Sorbus tianschanica Ruper. from different habitats in Xinjiang are different, and the contents of elements in branches are richer than that in the fruits of Sorbus tianschanica Ruper. The contents of Ca, K, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu are all high, and the harmful elements such as Pb and As are low. The results provide scientific basis for the development and utilization of the medicinal resource of Sorbus tianschanica Ruper. in Xinjiang.

[Determination of the contents of fourteen elements in urine of Xinjiang kuitun fluorine poisoning and arsenic-fluoride poisoning patients by ICP-AES].

A method of determining the contents of K, Na, Ca, Mg, P, Zn, Al, Ba, Co, Cu, Ni, Sr, Cr and Ti, fourteen elements, in urine of Xinjiang Kuitun fluorine poisoning and arsenic-fluoride poisoning patients was developed. The operation conditions of ICP-AES, and the lowest test concentration, precision and linear ranges were studied. The relative standard deviation of the method was 0.24%-2.47% (n=10), the average recoveries were 90.4%-00.5%. The contents of K and Na in urine of fluorine poisoning and arsenic-fluoride poisoning patients were higher than those of healthy contrast group. The contents of Ba, Co, Cu, Ni and Cr in the urine of arsenic-fluoride poisoning patients were higher than those of fluorine poisoning patients and healthy contrast group (P < 0.05). The contents of P, Ca, Mg, Zn, Al, Sr and Ti do not have statistic significance (P > 0.05). The method was sensitive, simple and accurate. The experiment data was reliable.

[Studies on the chemical constituents in root of Rheum rhizastachyum].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chemical constituents from the root and rhizome of Rheum rhizastachyum. METHOD: The compounds were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI-gel CHP-20P separately and their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral technology. RESULT: Six compounds were isolated and identified as chrysophanol, emodin, gallic acid, sucrose, 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-chrysophanols, 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-emodin. CONCLUSION: All the compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.