[Investigation of infestation of Carpoglyphus lactis in stored jujube from Anhui Province].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the breeding of Carpoglyphus lactis in stored jujube from Anhui Province, so as to provide the evidence for preventing the harm of C. lactis to stored jujube. METHODS: The jujube samples stored for more than 6 months were collected from dried fruit shops and/or Chinese herbal medicine warehouses, which were chosen as survey sites in Anhui Province. The mites were isolated and identified under a microscope. RESULTS: Totally 19 samples infested with C. lactis were obtained from 300 samples in 17 cities of Anhui Province, the breeding rate and breeding density of C. lactis were 6.33% and 6.52 per gram respectively. The constituent ratios of different developmental stages were adult 85.72%, larva 12.27%, dormancy body 0.56%, and egg 1.45%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The breeding density of C. lactis in the stored jujube is high and the species diversity is rich, so the control of C. lactis and the prevention of human acariasis should be strengthened.

[Study on community of acaroid mites breeding in home storages in Linquan Area, Anhui Province].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the species and diversity of acaroid mites community in home storages in Linquan area, Anhui Province. METHODS: The samples of 48 kinds of storages from the residents in Linquan County were collected, and the mites in them were separated in a microscope directly. RESULTS: Totally 19 species of acaroid mites belonging to 14 genera of 6 families were obtained from the 48 kinds of samples. The diversity analysis showed that the number of species, the species richness index and species diversity index of mites in the habitats were in the order of the other storages > drysaltery > grains. CONCLUSIONS: The quantities of breeding acaroid mites in storages in Linquan area are much larger, meanwhile the species are also very rich, thus in order to reduce the harm of acaroid mites, we should take active measures to control their breeding.

[Acaroid mite breeding in ground rice in Wenchang area].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the breeding of acaroid mites in the stored grains in Wenchang area, Hainan Province, China. METHODS: The breeding mites from the samples were separated by a shake-sieve and microscope directly. The isolations were used for slide preparation based on previous literature, and then under a light microscope, the identification and counting of the acaroid mites were performed. RESULTS: Twelve species of mites were identified from 20 categories of grains. They belonged to 10 genera of 4 families. Among the 12 grain samples, the breeding rates were higher of Blomia tropicalis and Tyrophagus putrescentiae. Among the 20 samples collected, a total of 5 885 mites were found, with an average breeding density of 29.43/g. CONCLUSIONS: The infestation of acaroid mites appears serious in the stored grains in Wenchang area, which should be taken measures to prevent and control.

[Scanning electron microscopical observation on external morphology of Aleuroglyphus ovatus at different developmental stages].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological changes of the live Aleuroglyphus ovatus and the ultrastructure under scanning electron microscope (SEM) at different developmental stages. METHODS: The mites were cleaned with distilled water, then fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution and washed again by alcohol. At last the mites were dried by critical-point drying. The disposed mites were settled on the conductive double sided tape and scaned under SEM. RESULTS: The larvae had three pairs of legs and the genital area was under-developed. The male was similar with the female. There was a Grandjean's organ in the front of basipodite of foot Ⅰ. Foot Ⅳ existed a tarsus sucker. Penis was like straight tube and the end of it was fork. There is a pair of suckers on both sides of anus. Three pairs of postanal seta almost aligned in the same line. The female adult mite slightly larger and had two pairs of postanal setae. CONCLUSIONS: The description of the morphology and ultrastructure of A. ovatus mites provide important information for the taxonomy and further study of its life history.

[Preliminary investigation of Blomia tropicalis breeding status in ground dust rice in Haikou City].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the Blomia tropicalis breeding status in the ground dust rice collected in Haikou City. METHODS: Totally 17 samples of ground dust rice were collected from 10 sampling sites in Haikou City. Then 10 g of dust rice was taken from each individual sample for isolation of the mites that were made of slide specimen, and the mites were identified and classified under a microscope. RESULTS: B. tropicalis mites were found in all the 17 samples with the detection rate of 100%. A total of 1 176 heads of B. tropicalis were isolated, with an average breeding density of 6.91 heads/g. CONCLUSIONS: B. tropicalis breeding status is severe in Haikou City. The effective measures should be taken to prevent and control the harm associated with B. tropicalis contamination.

[Investigation and morphological observation of Suidasia breeding in flourmills in Huaibei].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the Suidasia breeding in the flourmill and further observe its morphological characteristics. METHODS: The samples were collected from different habitats of a flourmill and then separated, and the chipping was kept. The mites were selected and counted from the chipping under an optical microscope. The mites were made slide samples and identified. RESULTS: The mites were identified as Suidasia (including Suidasia nesbitti and Suidasia medanensis). A total of 20 samples were collected in this study, of which 13 were positively detected, with the detection rate of 65%. There were 2 876 mites of Suidasia that were detected from 200 g sample. The average breeding density was 14.38/g. CONCLUSIONS: It is common that Suidasia breeding in flour, which might cause human acariasis and allergic asthma. Therefore, the effective prevention measures should be taken.

[Preliminary investigation of acaroid mites breeding in commercial food in Hsinchu City, Taiwan Province, China].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the breeding of acaroid mites in the stored food in Taiwan Province, China. METHODS: The breeding mites from samples selected from the markets in Hsinchu City, Taiwan Province were separated under a microscope. The isolations were used for slide preparation, then observed and identified under a microscope. RESULTS: Among the 39 species samples, 13 species of acaroid mites were isolated from the samples. They belonged to 11 genera of 6 families. They were Acarus siro, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Tyrophagus longior, Aleuroglyphus ovatus, Caloglyphus berlesei, Suidasia nesbitti, Lardoglyphus konoi, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Carpoglyphus lactis, Dermatophagoides farina and Gohieria fuscus. CONCLUSIONS: There are acaroid mites breeding in the commercial food in Hsinchu City, Taiwan Province, China. Therefore, relevant measures should be taken to control the breeding of acaroid mites.

[Study on natural population dynamics and spatial distribution pattern of Tyrophagus putrescentiae in stored flour].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the natural population dynamics and spatial distribution of Tyrophagus putrescentiae in storage flour, so as to provide an evidence for its prevention and control. METHODS: The samples from five sampling points in Wuhu City were collected monthly from January to December, 2013, and examined and counted for T. putrescentiae. The dispersion pattern target, Iwao's m*- x̄; regression analysis and Taylor's lgS2-lg x̄; regression analysis were used for analyzing the spatial distribution pattern of T. putrescentiae in the storage flour. RESULTS: The peaks of population dynamics of T. putrescentiae were discovered in July and September. The indexes of dispersion were as follows：I > 0, CA > 0, m*/ x̄; > 1; and the linear regression equation of Iwao：m* = 3.740 3 + 1.017 5 x̄; (r = 0.995 8) and Taylor：lgS2 = 0.500 4 + 1.134 9 lg x̄; (r =0.832 8) showed that the spatial distribution pattern of T. putrescentiae in the storage flour was assembled. CONCLUSIONS: The peak of population dynamics of T. putrescentiae in the storage flour in Wuhu City is a double peak type, and the spatial distribution pattern of T. putrescentiae is assembled.

[Gohieria fusca found in dust of air-conditioner filters].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pollution status of Gohieria fusca in the air conditioner-filters of different places in Wuhu City. METHODS: The dust samples were collected from the filters of air-conditioners in dining rooms, shopping malls, hotels and households between June and September, 2013, and G. fusca was detected in the dust samples. RESULTS: There were 430 dust samples collected and 98 were G. fusca positive with the breeding rate of 22.79%. The difference of breeding rates of G. fusca were statistically significant among the different places ( χ2 =18.294, P < 0.05). Among 510.5 g dust samples in total, 783 G. fusca mites were detected with an average breeding density of 1.53 mite/g. CONCLUSIONS: G. fusca breeds in the dust of air-conditioner filters in Wuhu City gravely.

[Hypopus of Acarus siro found in stored wheat].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological characteristics of hypopus of Acarus siro in the stored wheat in Linquan County, Anhui Province. METHODS: The wheat samples were collected from the wheat which had been stored for more than six months. The hypopodes of A. siro were isolated from the stored wheat, and were made into the glass specimens, and then were identified under an optical microscope. RESULTS: The structural features of the hypopus were found under the microscope, such as the setae of tibia and setae of genu, and the foot claws were well-developed, and the genital seta bases and the pair of sucker were almost at the same baseline. CONCLUSIONS: The hypopodes of A. siro are found in the stored wheat, and therefore, the effective measures should be taken to control the hazard to the stored grain.

[Ixodes ovatus found in Huainan area in Anhui Province].

OBJECTIVE: To study the morphological characteristics of Ixodes ovatus in order to provide the evidence for future research. METHODS: A group of goats were randomly selected and checked one by one, and the ticks were collected. RESULTS: A hard tick was found on the surface of a goat, and it was identified as Ixodes ovatus. CONCLUSIONS: Ixodes ovatus has been found in Huainan area in Anhui Province, confirming that Huainan area is a new breeding place of Ixodes ovatus. This finding may contribute to the epidemiological research of tick-borne diseases.

[Carpoglyphus lactis infestation in stored traditional Chinese medicine Arillus longan].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the breeding of Carpoglyphus lactis in the storage Arillus longan, so as to provide the evidence for preventing the harm of C. lactis to traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS: Chinese herbal medicine warehouses were chosen as survey sites according to the breeding habits of mites, and the A. longan samples were stored more than 6 months. The mites were isolated and identified under a microscope. RESULTS: The C. lactis breeding rate was 20.0% (4/20) and the breeding density was 184.95 per sample. The constitute rates of adult, larva, dormancy body and egg were 58.39%, 30.41%, 0.06%, and 11.14% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The breeding density of C. lactis is high in the stored A. longan, so the control and prevention of human intestinal acariasis should be strengthened.

[Acarus farris hypopus found in stored wheat].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological characteristics of Acarus farris hypopus. METHODS: The breeding mites from stored wheat samples were separated by a shake sieve and direct microscope. The isolations were used for slide preparation, and then the slide was observed under a light microscope for mite identification. RESULTS: The A. farris hypopus was found in the collected wheat samples. Under the microscope the boundary between the propodosoma and hysterosoma of the hypopus was obvious. The bristles on the hysterosoma were short, and the abdomen had a sucker plate. CONCLUSIONS: There is A. farris hypopus breeding in the storage wheat, and its morphological characteristics is similar with the characteristics of A. siro hypopus.

[Investigation and morphological observation of Histiostoma feroniarum breeding in Chinese herbal medicine Rhizoma Zingiberis].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the breeding situation of Histiostoma feroniarum in Chinese herbal medicine Rhizoma Zingiberis. METHODS: The Rhizoma Zingiberis sold on the market was selected and brushed. The dust from Rhizoma Zingiberis was screened under a microscope to search the mites. The mites were made into specimens to identify the species. RESULTS: The mites were H. feroniarum. Totally 14 mites were found in 100 g dust sample, with the density of breeding of 0.14/g. CONCLUSIONS: H. feroniarum could breed in Chinese herbal medicine Rhizoma Zingiberis, and the prevention and control measures should be adopted.

[A case of dermatitis caused by Tyrophagus putrescentiae].

Here we report a case of dermatitis caused by Tyrophagus putrescentiae, and have reviewed the related literature, then summarize the clinical characteristics and treatments of dermatitis in order to improve the understanding of the disease.

[A preliminary survey of acaroid mite breeding in farmer home storages].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the densities and species of acaroid mites in stored products in farmer home storages. METHODS: The mite samples which were collected from the farmers'home in Linquan County, Anhui Province included grains, foods, condiments, fruits and vegetables, and the breeding mites were isolated, then identified and classified after using the mites to make slide specimens. RESULTS: Twenty-one species of acaroid mites were obtained, belonging to 7 families and 15 genera. The highest breeding density was in the millet (3 888.89 mite/g) and the lowest was in the fennel (2.03 mite/g), and the frequent breeding species of storages were Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Lepidoglyphus destructor. The average breeding density of acaroid mites in grains was 383.94 mite/g, and the dominant mite species was T. longior. The average breeding density of acaroid mites in condiments was 149.53 mite/g, and the dominant mite species were L. destructor and Chortoglyphus arcuatus. The average breeding density of acaroid mites in foods was 85.15 mite/g, and the dominant mite species were T. putrescentiae, T. longior, T. palmarum, Glycyphagus domesticus and Dermatophagoides farina. The average breeding density of acaroid mites in fruits and vegetables was 49.15 mite/g, and the dominant mite species were Rhizoglyphus robini and T. palmarum. The average breeding density of acaroid mites in other stored products was 25.05 mite/g, and the dominant mite species were T. putrescentiae and L. destructor. CONCLUSIONS: The species of acaroid mites in home storages are very rich, and it is necessary to take positive measures to reduce the infestation of acaroid mites.

[Investigation on species of Limacodidae on Prunus cerasifera and sycamore in urban area of Wuhu City].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the species of Limacodidae and the biological habits on Prunus cerasifera and sycamore in the urban area of Wuhu City, so as to provide the reference for the prevention and control of the diseases caused by Limacodidae. METHODS: Two observation places were selected in the urban area of Wuhu City, and the survey period of the first observation place (A) was from 2014-5-4 to 2014-11-2, and eucleid caterpillar was observed and collected every Sunday (a total of 27 times); the survey period of the second observation place (B) was from 2014-1-5 to 2014-12-28, and eucleid caterpillar was observed and collected every Sunday (a total of 52 times). The eucleid caterpillars were collected by the visual inspection and artificial direct collecting method, and then they were identified and classified by the naked eye direct observation and the direct observation with the help of the anatomical lens in the laboratory. RESULTS: There were seven kinds of identified Limacodidae from the two observation places and their occurrence regularity, the species composition ratio, and natural enemies were understood. CONCLUSIONS: Limacodidae larvae not only are the defoliator of the ornamental forests, but also harm the health of residents, that is they can cause eucleid larva dermatitis. Therefore, we should strengthen the prevention and control of Limacodidae, reducing its impact on the lives of the residents.

[Meta regression analysis of five heavy metal biotoxicity effects on Caenorhabditis elegans].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate five heavy metal biotoxicity effects on Caenorhabditis elegans with Meta regression analysis. METHODS: The data were collected from the following electronic databases：PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, the Chinese Biomedical Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang (Chinese) Databases and so on, and all updated through January 2004 to December 2014. A literature review was made on articles about Cd, Hg, Pb, As and Cr toxicity effects on C. elegans, and the data was extracted from figure information by Scan It software. A Meta regression model was built by stata12.0 software, using toxicity indices such as the dependent variables, and different metals, concentrations, exposure time, and development stages of C. elegans as independent variables. RESULTS: The study articles asociated with heavy metal biotoxicity effects on C. elegans were selected out, 10 studies of Cu, 12 studies of Cr, 12 studies of Pb, 12 studies of Cd, 3 studies of As and 14 studies of Hg. The mortality of toxicities of 5 heavy metals on C. elegans ranked Hg > Pb > Cr> Cd>As; the biotoxicity of the indexes of body size based on development, generational time based on reproductive toxicity, body bend frequencies, and head thrash frequencies based on neurotoxicity ranked Hg > Pb > Cr > Cd; the biotoxicity ranked Hg > Pb > Cr> Cd>As by LC50 indexes of toxicities of 5 heavy metals on C. elegans. The sensitivity analysis proved that the Meta regression model was reliable. CONCLUSIONS: The biotoxicities on C. elegans of Hg and Pb are stronger than Cr, Cd and As.

[Investigation of Lardoglyphus konoi (Astigmata) breeding in stored Solenognathus].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mites breeding in stored Solenognathus. METHODS: Solenognathus was collected from a Chinese medicine shop in Wuhu City, and mites were isolated and identified under a microscope. RESULTS: Totally 256 mites were isolated from 500 g Solenognathus, and four species were found, including 219 Lardoglyphus konoi, 12 Tyrophagus longior, 21 Tyrophagus putrescentiae and 4 Euroglyphus maynei. The breeding density of L. konoi was 0.438/g. CONCLUSIONS: There are mites breeding in the stored Solenognathus, and the most mites are L. konoi. Effective measures should be taken to prevent and control it.

[Preliminary investigation of Suidasia nesbitti breeding status in ground dust flour in Qiqihaer City].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the Suidasia nesbitti breeding status in the ground dust flour collected in Qiqihaer City. METHODS: Totally, 16 aliquots of ground dust flour were respectively collected from a college canteen and 15 households in Qiqihaer City. Then 10 g dust flour was taken from individual sample for isolation of the mites that were made of slide specimen, and the mites were identified and classified under a microscope. RESULTS: Acaroid mites were found in 15 of the 16 aliquots of samples (detection rate being 93.8％), and 7 species, belonging to 6 genera under 3 families, were identified. A total of 561 heads of mites were isolated from 160 g samples, with an average breeding density of 3.51 heads/g. The most breeding mite was associated with S. nesbitti. CONCLUSIONS: Various species of mites are breeding in the ground dust flour in Qiqihaer City, and S. nesbitti occurs the most. These findings indicate that effective measures should be taken to prevent and control the harm associated with acaroid mite contamination.