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Objective: To analyze three reconstruction techniques and mid-term clinical outcomes of hip revision for acetabular bone defect after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: This is a retrospective case series study. Included in the study were 109 patients (109 hips) with acetabular bone defect after THA reconstructions in hip revisions from January 2015 to December 2021 in the Senior Department, Forth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital and the Department of Orthopaedics, First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. According to the preoperative simulated surgeries and different bone defect reconstruction techniques, all patients were divided into a normal cup group, an augment group or a triflange group,respectively. There were 54 patients (54 hips) in the normal cup group, reconstructed with the uncemented porous metal cup (including Jumbo cup), with 23 males and 31 females, aged (59.6±9.9) years (range:32 to 76 years); 44 patients (44 hips) in the augment group, reconstructed with the individualized three-dimensional (3D) printed porous metal augment and uncemented porous metal cup, with 18 males and 26 females, aged (52.8±13.6) years(range:17 to 76 years); 11 patients (11 hips) in the triflange group, reconstructed by the individualized 3D printed porous metal triflange cup, with 5 males and 6 females, aged (59.4±11.2)years (range: 43 to 78 years). Radiographic results, including rotation center height, rotation center offset, and leg length discrepancy (LLD) and clinical results, including Harris hip score (HHS) and visual analogue scale(VAS) were evaluated outpatient at 3, 6, 12 months after the operation and annually thereafter. The last follow-up was completed in March 2024, and all parameters at the last follow-up and before the operation were compared. Paired t test and repeated measurement ANOVA were used for the radiographic and clinical parameters before and after the operation. Results: All hip revisions for patients with acetabular bone defect after THA were completed and followed for more than two years. The follow-up time of the normal cup group was (6.5±1.7) years (range: 2.8 to 9.3 years), and that of the augment group was (6.0±1.3) years (range: 3.5 to 9.0 years). The follow-up time of the triflange group was (2.8±0.6) years (range: 2.0 to 3.8 years). At the last follow-up, the rotation center height, rotation center offset and LLD of 54 hips in the normal cup group were (24.2±5.6)mm, (29.1±5.5) mm and (4.6±3.3)mm, respectively, and the rotation center height and LLD were significantly lower than those of the preoperative hips (t=9.671, P<0.01; t=6.073, P<0.01). In the augment group, the rotational center height, the rotation center offset and the LLD of 44 hips were (22.4±9.0) mm, (25.4±5.5) mm and (6.0±4.0) mm, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the preoperative hips (t=9.071, P<0.01; t=11.345, P<0.01; t=4.927, P<0.01). In the triflange group, the rotational center height, the rotation center offset and LLD of 11 hips were (22.7±6.0) mm,(30.9±8.0) mm and (5.3±2.2) mm, respectively, and the rotation center height and LLD were significantly lower than those of the preoperative hips (t=2.716, P=0.022; t=6.226, P<0.01). At the last follow-up, fractures occurred in 3 patients and dislocation occurred in 1 patient in the normal cup group, and fracture reduction and closed reduction were administered under anesthesia, respectively. In the augment group, dislocation occurred in 1 patient and open reduction under anesthesia was performed. The HHS and VAS of the three groups improved significantly after surgery and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01). There was no complication in the triflange group. The X-ray at the last follow-up showed that all prostheses and augments were in stable positions and no loosening or migration was observed. Conclusions: For patients with acetabular bone defect after THA undergoing hip revisions, preoperative surgical simulation and rehearsal could help surgeons choose convenient and efficient reconstruction techniques. The targeted selection of Jumbo Cup, individualized 3D printed metal augment, and customized triflange cup could achieve satisfactory clinical outcomes.
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BACKGROUND: High tumor mutational burden (TMB) is one of the widely researched predictive biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors and has been shown to be closely related with response to immunotherapy in multiple cancer types. However, for patients who have failed conventional therapy and are about to undergo immunotherapy, there is no consensus recommendation on the timing of tumor sampling for TMB analysis, and the effects of different therapies on TMB have not been clarified. This retrospective observational study aimed to investigate the heterogeneity of TMB and genomic mutation under the treatment pressure. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively collected the available genomic and therapeutic information from 8051 samples across 15 tumor types (>50 samples/tumor) found in 30 published studies and investigated the distribution and heterogeneity of TMB under treatment across diverse cohorts. RESULTS: This integrated analysis has shown anticancer treatments increased TMB. Significant effects of treatment on TMB were more frequently observed in tumor types with lower treatment-naïve TMB, including breast, prostate, and pediatric cancers. For different cancer therapies, chemotherapy was prone to be correlated with an increased TMB in most cancer types. Meanwhile, the fraction of the TMB-high category of breast, prostate, and bladder cancers and glioma increased significantly after chemotherapy. Several actionable genes including ERS1 and NF1 in breast cancer, as well as some prognostic markers including TERT in bladder cancer and IDH1 in glioma, were significantly changed in post-chemotherapy tumors compared to treatment-naïve tumors. CONCLUSION: Our study reveals the heterogeneity of TMB under treatment across diverse cancer types and provides evidences that chemotherapy was associated with increases in TMB as well as the fraction of TMB-high category, suggesting that resampling tumor tissues for calculating post-chemotherapy TMB could be a better option for predicting the response to immunotherapy, especially for tumors with initially low TMB.
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Biomarcadores Tumorais , Mutação , Neoplasias , Feminino , Humanos , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Genômica/métodos , Imunoterapia/métodos , Neoplasias/genética , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Objectives: To investigate the outcomes of cochlear implantation in Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant (CI) users with single-sided deafness (SSD). Methods: This study was a single-center prospective cohort study. Eleven Mandarin-speaking adult SSD patients who underwent CI implantation at Capital Medical University Beijing Tongren Hospital from August 2020 to October 2021 were recruited, including 6 males and 5 females, with the age ranging from 24 to 50 years old. In a sound field with 7 loudspeakers distributed at 180°, we measured root-mean-square error(RMSE)in SSD patients at the preoperative, 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month after switch-on to assess the improvement of sound source localization. The Mandarin Speech Perception (MSP) was used in the sound field to test the speech reception threshold (SRT) of SSD patients under different signal-to-noise locations in a steady-state noise under conditions of CI off and CI on, to reflect the head shadow effect(SSSDNNH), binaural summation effect(S0N0) and squelch effect(S0NSSD). The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to assess changes in tinnitus severity and tinnitus loudness in SSD patients at each time point. The Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale(SSQ) and the Nijmegen Cochlear Implantation Scale (NCIQ) were used to assess the subjective benefits of spatial speech perception and quality of life in SSD patients after cochlear implantation. SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: SSD patients showed a significant improvement in the poorer ear in hearing thresholds with CI-on compared with CI-off; The ability to localize the sound source was significantly improved, with statistically significant differences in RMSE at each follow-up time compared with the preoperative period (P<0.05). In the SSSDNNH condition, which reflects the head shadow effect, the SRT in binaural hearing was significantly improved by 6.5 dB compared with unaided condition, and the difference was statistically significant (t=6.25, P=0.001). However, there was no significant improvement in SRT between the binaural hearing condition and unaided conditions in the S0N0 and S0NSSD conditions (P>0.05). The total score of THI and three dimensions were significant decreased (P<0.05). Tinnitus VAS scores were significantly lower in binaural hearing compared to the unaided condition (P<0.001). The total score of SSQ, and the scores of speech and spatial dimensions were significant improved in binaural hearing compared to the unaided condition (P<0.001). There was no statistical difference in NCIQ questionnaire scores between preoperative and postoperative (P>0.05), and only the self-efficacy subscore showed a significant increase(Z=-2.497,P=0.013). Conclusion: CI could help Mandarin-speaking SSD patients restore binaural hearing to some extent, improve sound localization and speech recognition in noise. In addition, CI in SSD patients could suppress tinnitus, reduce the loudness of tinnitus, and improve subjective perceptions of spatial hearing and quality of life.
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Implante Coclear , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Implante Coclear/métodos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Perda Auditiva Unilateral/cirurgia , Implantes Cocleares , Percepção da Fala , Adulto Jovem , Localização de Som , Zumbido/cirurgia , Surdez/cirurgia , Auxiliares de AudiçãoRESUMO
The article "MiRNA-215-5p alleviates the metastasis of prostate cancer by targeting PGK1", by J.-Y. Chen, L.-F. Xu, H.-L. Hu, Y.-Q. Wen, D. Chen, W.-H. Liu, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24 (2): 639-646-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202001_20040-PMID: 32017004 has been retracted by the Editor in Chief. Following some concerns raised on PubPeer regarding a possible overlap in Figure 2C, the journal has started an investigation to assess the validity of the results as well as possible figure manipulation. The journal investigation revealed data and figure manipulation. For this reason, the Editor in Chief has decided to retract the manuscript. The authors have been informed about the retraction but remained unresponsive. This article has been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/20040.
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INTRODUCTION: To longitudinally and cross-sectionally study the differences in the uterine artery pulsatility index (UTPI), umbilical artery pulsatility index (UAPI) and placental vascularization indices (PVIs, derived from 3-dimensional power Doppler) between normal and placental insufficiency pregnancies throughout gestation. METHODS: UTPI, UAPI and PVI were measured 6 times at 4- to 5- week intervals from 11 to 13+6 weeks-36 weeks. Preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) were defined as placental insufficiency. Comparisons of UTPI, UAPI and PVI between normal and insufficiency groups were performed by one-way repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: A total of 125 women were included: monitored regularly from the first trimester to 36 weeks of gestation: 109 with normal pregnancies and 16 with placental insufficiency. Longitudinal study of the normal pregnancy group showed that UTPI and UAPI decreased significantly every 4 weeks, while PVIs increased significantly every 8 weeks until term. In the placental insufficiency group however, this decrease occurred slower at 8 weeks intervals and UTPI stabilized after 24 weeks. No significant difference was noted in PVIs throughout pregnancy. Cross-sectional study from different stages of gestation showed that UTPI was higher in the insufficiency group from 15 weeks onward and PVIs were lower after 32 weeks. DISCUSSION: Compared to high-risk pregnancies with normal outcome, UTPI and UAPI needed a longer time to reach a significant change in those with clinical confirmation of placental insufficiency pregnancies and no significant change was found in PVI throughout gestation. UTPI was the earliest factor in detecting adverse outcome pregnancies.
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Insuficiência Placentária , Pré-Eclâmpsia , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Placenta/diagnóstico por imagem , Placenta/irrigação sanguínea , Circulação Placentária , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Longitudinais , Idade Gestacional , Resultado da Gravidez , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal , Pré-Eclâmpsia/diagnóstico , Ultrassonografia Pré-NatalAssuntos
Calsequestrina , Taquicardia Ventricular , Humanos , Arritmias Cardíacas , Cálcio/metabolismoRESUMO
Objective: To compare the efficacy of robotic-assisted single-incision-plus- one-port laparoscopic pyeloplasty (R-SILP+1) with single-incision laparoscopic pyeloplasty (SILP) in pediatric ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). Methods: The clinical data of 47 children with UPJO who underwent surgery from October 2020 to September 2022 in the Department of Pediatric Surgery of Fujian Provincial Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to the surgical method chosen by parents, the children were divided into R-SILP+1 group and SILP group. Baseline data, operative time, intraoperative anastomosis time, volume of blood loss, postoperative hospitalization time, complications, total costs, preoperative and postoperative renal parenchymal thickness (PT), anterior posterior diameter of renal pelvis (APD), and differential renal function (DRF) before and after operation were compared between the two groups, and the clinical efficacy of the two kinds of operation was evaluated. Results: Among the 47 children, 27 were in R-SILP+1 group, including 16 males and 11 females, aged (6.6±3.5) years; 20 were in SILP group, including 12 males and 8 females, aged (6.5±3.5) years. The operations were successful in both groups without conversion to open operation. There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline data, volume of blood loss, complications, APD and PT at postoperative 6 months, APD, PT and DRF at postoperative 12 months (all P>0.05). Compared with the SILP group, the operative time [(153.0±14.4) vs (189.9±32.6) minutes, P<0.001], intraoperative anastomosis time [(68.8±16.8) vs (97.5±12.0) minutes, P<0.001], postoperative hospitalization time [(6.0±1.3) vs (9.0±1.3) d, P<0.001] were shorter, but the total cost was higher[(57 390±7 664) vs (30 183±4 219) yuan RMB, P<0.001]. Conclusions: Compared with the SILP group, R-SILP+1 can achieve considerable efficacy in treating pediatric UPJO, and has certain advantages in shortening operative time, intraoperative anastomosis time, and postoperative hospitalization time. However, the cost is high.
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Laparoscopia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos , Ferida Cirúrgica , Obstrução Ureteral , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Criança , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Obstrução Ureteral/cirurgia , Pelve Renal/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Ferida Cirúrgica/cirurgiaRESUMO
Coral reefs are facing unprecedented threats due to global climate change, particularly elevated sea surface temperatures causing coral bleaching. Understanding coral responses at the molecular level is crucial for predicting their resilience and developing effective conservation strategies. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive gene expression analysis of four coral species to investigate their long-term molecular response to heat stress. We identified distinct gene expression patterns among the coral species, with laminar corals exhibiting a stronger response compared to branching corals. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) showed an overall decreasing expression trend, indicating the high energy cost associated with sustaining elevated HSP levels during prolonged heat stress. Peroxidases and oxidoreductases involved in oxidative stress response demonstrated significant upregulation, highlighting their role in maintaining cellular redox balance. Differential expression of genes related to calcium homeostasis and bioluminescence suggested distinct mechanisms for coping with heat stress among the coral species. Furthermore, the impact of heat stress on coral biomineralization varied, with downregulation of carbonic anhydrase and skeletal organic matrix proteins indicating reduced capacity for biomineralization in the later stages of heat stress. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying coral responses to heat stress and highlight the importance of considering species-specific responses in assessing coral resilience. The identified biomarkers may serve as indicators of heat stress and contribute to early detection of coral bleaching events. These findings contribute to our understanding of coral resilience and provide a basis for future research aimed at enhancing coral survival in the face of climate change.
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Antozoários , Resiliência Psicológica , Animais , Antozoários/fisiologia , Resposta ao Choque Térmico , Recifes de Corais , Expressão GênicaRESUMO
The widespread application of implantable materials has brought about a corresponding increase in implant-related complications, with implant-associated infections being the most critical. Biofilms, which often form on these implants, can significantly impede the effectiveness of traditional antibiotic therapies. Therefore, strategies such as surgical removal of infected implants and prolonged antibiotic treatment have been acknowledged as effective measures to eradicate these infections. However,the challenges of antibiotic resistance and biofilm persistence often result in recurrent or hard-to-control infections, posing severe health threats to patients. Recent studies suggest that phages, a type of virus, can directly eliminate pathogenic bacteria and degrade biofilms. Furthermore, clinical trials have demonstrated promising therapeutic results with the combined use of phages and antibiotics. Consequently, this innovative therapy holds significant potential as an effective solution for managing implant-associated infections. This paper rigorously investigates and evaluates the potential value of phage therapy in addressing orthopedic implant-associated infections, based on a comprehensive review of relevant scientific literature.
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Introduction: Coral reefs, among the most invaluable ecosystems in the world, face escalating threats from climate change and anthropogenic activities. To decipher the genetic underpinnings of coral adaptation and resilience, we undertook comprehensive transcriptome profiling of two emblematic coral species, Montipora foliosa and Montipora capricornis, leveraging PacBio Iso-Seq technology. These species were strategically selected for their ecological significance and their taxonomic proximity within the Anthozoa class. Methods: Our study encompassed the generation of pristine transcriptomes, followed by thorough functional annotation via diverse databases. Subsequently, we quantified transcript abundance and scrutinized gene expression patterns, revealing notable distinctions between the two species. Results: Intriguingly, shared orthologous genes were identified across a spectrum of coral species, highlighting a substantial genetic conservation within scleractinian corals. Importantly, a subset of genes, integral to biomineralization processes, emerged as exclusive to scleractinian corals, shedding light on their intricate evolutionary history. Furthermore, we discerned pronounced upregulation of genes linked to immunity, stress response, and oxidative-reduction processes in M. foliosa relative to M. capricornis. These findings hint at the presence of more robust mechanisms in M. foliosa for maintaining internal equilibrium and effectively navigating external challenges, underpinning its potential ecological advantage. Beyond elucidating genetic adaptation in corals, our research underscores the urgency of preserving genetic diversity within coral populations. Discussion: These insights hold promise for informed conservation strategies aimed at safeguarding these imperiled ecosystems, bearing ecological and economic significance. In synthesis, our study seamlessly integrates genomic inquiry with ecological relevance, bridging the gap between molecular insights and the imperative to conserve coral reefs in the face of mounting threats.
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Although it has become a consensus in the field of colorectal surgery to perform radical tumor treatment and functional protection under the minimally invasive concept, there exist many controversies during clinical practice, including the concept of embryonic development of abdominal organs and membrane anatomy, the principle of membrane anatomy related to right hemicolectomy, D3 resection, and identification of the inner boundary. In this paper, we analyzed recently reported literature with high-level evidence and clinical data from the author's hospital to recognize and review the membrane anatomy-based laparoscopic assisted right hemicolectomy for right colon cancer, emphasizing the importance of priority of surgical dissection planes, vascular orientation, and full understanding of the fascial space, and proposing that the surgical planes should be dissected in the parietal-prerenal fascial space, and the incision should be 1 cm from the descending and horizontal part of the duodenum. The surgery should be performed according to a standard procedure with strict quality control. To identify the resection range of D3 dissection, it is necessary to establish a clinical, imaging, and pathological evaluation model for multiple factors or to apply indocyanine green and nano-carbon lymphatic tracer intraoperatively to guide precise lymph node dissection. We expect more high-level evidence of evidence-based medicine to prove the inner boundary of laparoscopic assisted radical right colectomy and a more rigorous consensus to be established.
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Neoplasias do Colo , Laparoscopia , Humanos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Neoplasias do Colo/cirurgia , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Excisão de Linfonodo/métodos , Colectomia/métodos , DissecaçãoRESUMO
Objective: To explore the expression and the role of chemerin in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods: Quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of chemerin in lung tissues from IPF patients and the controls. Clinical serum level of chemerin was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mouse lung fibroblasts isolated and cultured in vitro were divided into the control, TGF-ß, TGF-ß+chemerin and chemerin groups. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control, bleomycin, bleomycin+chemerin, and chemerin groups. Masson and immunohistochemical staining were performed to evaluate the severity of pulmonary fibrosis. Expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers was detected by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining in the in vitro and in vivo models of pulmonary fibrosis, respectively. Results: Compared with the control group, the expression of chemerin was downregulated in both the lung tissue and the serum of IPF patients. Immunofluorescence showed that treatment of fibroblasts with TGF-ß alone resulted in a robust expression of α-SMA, whereas treatment with TGF-ß and chemerin together exhibited the similar expression levels of α-SMA as the control group. Masson staining indicated that the bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model was constructed successfully, while treatment of chemerin partially alleviated the damage of lung tissue. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of chemerin in the lung tissue was significantly decreased in the bleomycin group. Quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry showed that chemerin attenuated EMT induced by TGF-ß and bleomycin both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: The expression of chemerin was reduced in patients with IPF. Chemerin may play a protective role in the development of IPF by regulating EMT, providing a new idea for the clinical treatment of IPF.
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Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática , Camundongos , Animais , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Pulmão , Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/farmacologia , Bleomicina/metabolismo , Bleomicina/farmacologia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/metabolismo , Quimiocinas/metabolismo , Quimiocinas/farmacologia , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/farmacologiaRESUMO
Objective: To development the prognostic nomogram for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Methods: Two hundred and ten patients pathologically confirmed as MPM were enrolled in this retrospective study from 2007 to 2020 in the People's Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, the First and Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, and divided into training (n=112) and test (n=98) sets according to the admission time. The observation factors included demography, symptoms, history, clinical score and stage, blood cell and biochemistry, tumor markers, pathology and treatment. The Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the prognostic factors of 112 patients in the training set. According to the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis, the prognostic prediction nomogram was established. C-Index and calibration curve were used to evaluate the model's discrimination and consistency in raining and test sets, respectively. Patients were stratified according to the median risk score of nomogram in the training set. Log rank test was performed to compare the survival differences between the high and low risk groups in the two sets. Results: The median overall survival (OS) of 210 MPM patients was 384 days (IQR=472 days), and the 6-month, 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates were 75.7%, 52.6%, 19.7%, and 13.0%, respectively. Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that residence (HR=2.127, 95% CI: 1.154-3.920), serum albumin (HR=1.583, 95% CI: 1.017-2.464), clinical stage (stage â £: HR=3.073, 95% CI: 1.366-6.910) and the chemotherapy (HR=0.476, 95% CI: 0.292-0.777) were independent prognostic factors for MPM patients. The C-index of the nomogram established based on the results of Cox multivariate regression analysis in the training and test sets were 0.662 and 0.613, respectively. Calibration curves for both the training and test sets showed moderate consistency between the predicted and actual survival probabilities of MPM patients at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. The low-risk group had better outcomes than the high-risk group in both training (P=0.001) and test (P=0.003) sets. Conclusion: The survival prediction nomogram established based on routine clinical indicators of MPM patients provides a reliable tool for prognostic prediction and risk stratification.
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Mesotelioma Maligno , Humanos , Prognóstico , Nomogramas , Estudos Retrospectivos , Modelos de Riscos ProporcionaisRESUMO
Increasing air pollution is common around the world, but the impacts of outdoor air pollution exposure on atopic dermatitis (AD) are unclear. We synthesized the current global epidemiologic evidence for air pollution exposure and associated medical visits for AD among adults and children. This review followed PRISMA guidelines, and searches were conducted on PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE databases. The searches yielded 390 studies, and after screening, 18 studies around the world assessing at least 5,197,643 medical visits for AD in total were included for the final analysis. We found that exposure to particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5 ) [(10/11) of studies], particulate matter ≤10 µm in diameter (PM10 ) (11/13), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) (12/14) and sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) (10/13) was positively associated with AD visits. Results were equivocal for ozone [(4/8) of studies reported positive association] and limited for carbon monoxide [(1/4) of studies reported positive association]. When stratifying results by patient age, patient sex and season, we found that the associations with particulate matter, NO2 and O3 may be affected by temperature. Exposure to selected air pollutants is associated with AD visits, and increasingly poor worldwide air quality may increase global healthcare use for AD.
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Poluentes Atmosféricos , Poluição do Ar , Dermatite Atópica , Criança , Adulto , Humanos , Dióxido de Nitrogênio/efeitos adversos , Dióxido de Nitrogênio/análise , Dermatite Atópica/epidemiologia , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Poluição do Ar/efeitos adversos , Poluentes Atmosféricos/efeitos adversos , Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Material Particulado/efeitos adversos , Atenção à SaúdeRESUMO
Objective: To identify the internal nasal valve (INV) and to evaluate its key parameters in the established 3D models of nasal cavity space via Mimics from CT images, in order to provide evidence for quantitative diagnosis of nasal valve compromise. Methods: A total of 32 Han adults without nasal diseases who underwent maxillofacial CT test in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively recruited, including 16 males and 16 females, with the age ranged from 20 to 80 years (50% age<50 years old). Maxillofacial CT images were used to create 3D model of nasal cavity space. The INV was identified and the following parameters were measured: the angle between the INV and the nasal bone (θINV-B), unilateral cross-sectional area of the INV (AINV-R, AINV-L), total cross-sectional area of the INV (AINV), unilateral height of the INV (HINV-R, HINV-L), unilateral nasal valve angle (αINV-R, αINV-L), and the sum of nasal valve angle (αINV). The AINV in our study was compared with the results of the previously adopted planes (PlaneC, perpendicular to the hard palate and PlaneB, plane perpendicular to the nasal bone). The parameters above were compared among genders, age and race groups. SPSS 26 and GraphPad Prism 9 software were used for statistical analysis and mapping of data. Results: The AINV in our study was (214.87±52.94) mm², which was significantly less than that of PlaneC (254.97±47.80) mm² and PlaneB (226.07±57.36) mm². The measured parameters were as follows: θINV-B was (82.07±7.06)°; AINV-R was (112.66±31.39) mm²; AINV-L was (102.21±27.14) mm²; AINV was (214.87±52.94) mm²; HINV-R was (24.87±4.62) mm; HINV-L was (24.35±4.86) mm; αINV-R was (20.48±2.99)°; αINV-L was (19.65±3.82)°; αINV was (40.13±6.24)°. The AINV-R was larger than AINV-L (t=2.33, P<0.05); The HINV, AINV-R, AINV-L and AINV of males were more than those of females (t value was 5.77, 3.21, 2.91 and 3.52, respectively, all P<0.01). The AINV of the young group (<50 years) was larger than that of the old group (t=2.83, P<0.01); The θINV-B was different between the Han people and the Caucasian (t=2.92,P<0.01). The αINV of the Han people was larger than that of Caucasians (Z=-6.92, P<0.01), but the HINV was smaller (Z=-3.89, P<0.01). Conclusion: The AINV carried out in 3D models of nasal cavity space is significantly smaller than that obtained by the previous methods of CT evaluation. INV static parameters differ among genders, age and race groups.
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Cavidade Nasal , Nariz , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cavidade Nasal/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , China , Osso NasalRESUMO
Age is an important risk factor for primary glaucoma. While the specific mechanism of primary glaucoma remained unclear, the change of ocular anatomy, the disturbance of aqueous humor balance, the change of ocular biomechanics and the disorder of neurometabolism contribute to the occurrence and development of primary glaucoma. This paper reviewes the latest studies on the correlation between age and the risk factors of glaucoma in the above four aspects, so as to provide some references for the in-depth discussion of the pathophysiology of primary glaucoma, and advancement on diagnosis, treatment and research of primary glaucoma.