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1.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 150: 109644, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38777252

RESUMO

Enteritis poses a significant threat to fish farming, characterized by symptoms of intestinal and hepatic inflammation, physiological dysfunction, and dysbiosis. Focused on the leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) with an enteritis outbreak on a South China Sea farm, our prior scrutiny did not find any abnormalities in feeding or conventional water quality factors, nor were any specific pathogen infections related to enteritis identified. This study further elucidates their intestinal flora alterations, host responses, and their interactions to uncover the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms and facilitate effective prevention and management strategies. Enteritis-affected fish exhibited substantial differences in intestinal flora compared to control fish (P = 0.001). Notably, norank_f_Alcaligenaceae, which has a negative impact on fish health, predominated in enteritis-affected fish (91.76 %), while the probiotic genus Lactococcus dominated in controls (93.90 %). Additionally, certain genera with pathogenesis potentials like Achromobacter, Sphingomonas, and Streptococcus were more abundant in diseased fish, whereas Enterococcus and Clostridium_sensu_stricto with probiotic potentials were enriched in control fish. At the transcriptomic level, strong inflammatory responses, accompanied by impaired metabolic functions, tissue damage, and iron death signaling activation were observed in the intestines and liver during enteritis. Furthermore, correlation analysis highlighted that potential pathogen groups were positively associated with inflammation and tissue damage genes while presenting negatively correlated with metabolic function-related genes. In conclusion, dysbiosis in the intestinal microbiome, particularly an aberrantly high abundance of Alcaligenaceae with pathogenic potential may be the main trigger for this enteritis outbreak. Alcaligenaceae alongside Achromobacter, Sphingomonas, and Streptococcus emerged as biomarkers for enteritis, whereas some species of Lactococcus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto, and Enterococcus showed promise as probiotics to alleviate enteritis symptoms. These findings enhance our understanding of enteritis pathogenesis, highlight intestinal microbiota shifts in leopard coral grouper, and propose biomarkers for monitoring, probiotic selection, and enteritis management.


Assuntos
Enterite , Doenças dos Peixes , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Animais , Enterite/veterinária , Enterite/imunologia , Enterite/microbiologia , Doenças dos Peixes/imunologia , Doenças dos Peixes/microbiologia , Perciformes/imunologia , China , Expressão Gênica
2.
Environ Res ; 252(Pt 1): 118866, 2024 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38580002

RESUMO

Mercury (Hg) is known to affect aquatic, terrestrial ecosystems as well as human health, through biomagnification. Mangrove wetlands are potential Hg sinks because of their low tidal velocity, fast sedimentation rate, strong reducing condition and high organic matter content. The spatial and temporal distribution of Hg has been a hot topic of recent studies in mangrove wetlands. In this study, we investigated Hg concentration, accumulation rate and isotopes to reconstruct the Hg pollution history and to differentiate its potential sources in the Gaoqiao mangrove wetland (Guangdong province), which is part of the largest mangrove area in China. We reconstructed a first, continuous, high-resolution Hg pollution history over the last 3000 years in South China. Our findings show that mangrove wetland sediments are more enriched in Hg than the adjacent grasslands. The increased Hg concentration and δ202Hg in recent sediments mirror the enhanced anthropogenic impacts; Hg concentrations in areas with high levels of anthropogenic disturbance are up to 5× higher than the average background value (9.9 ± 1.2 µg kg-1). Compared to mangroves in coastal areas of South China and around the world, the Hg concentration in Gaoqiao is much lower. The significant increase of Hg since the 1950s and the major Hg peak since the 1980s were the evidence of the human activities influences and indicated the possible start date of Anthropocene. After 2007 CE, a decline in Hg pollution occurs due to the effective implementation of the mangrove protection policy. Three potential sources were identified by the Hg isotope traces including urban gaseous Hg, industrial Hg, and regional soil and leaf litter Hg input.


Assuntos
Monitoramento Ambiental , Sedimentos Geológicos , Mercúrio , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Áreas Alagadas , China , Mercúrio/análise , Sedimentos Geológicos/análise , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise
3.
iScience ; 27(3): 109038, 2024 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38361628

RESUMO

Mangrove wetlands are an important component of blue carbon (C) ecosystems, although the anthropogenic impact on organic C accumulation rate (OCAR) in mangrove wetlands is not yet clear. Three sediment cores were collected from Zhanjiang Gaoqiao Mangrove Reserve in Southern China, dated by 210Pb and 137Cs, and physico-chemical parameters measured. Results show that the OCARs in mangroves and grasslands have significantly increased by 4.4 and 1.3 times, respectively, since 1950, which is consistent with the transformation of organic C sources and the increase of sedimentation rate. This increment is due to increased soil erosion and nutrient enrichment caused by land use change and the discharge of fertilizer runoff and aquaculture wastewater. This study provides clear evidence for understanding the changes in organic C accumulation processes during the Anthropocene and is conducive to promoting the realization of C peak and neutrality targets.

4.
J Laryngol Otol ; 138(3): 246-252, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38084610

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of employing a Eustachian tube video endoscope with a supporting balloon as a viable treatment and examination option for patients with Eustachian tube dysfunction. METHODS: A study involving nine fresh human cadaver heads was conducted to investigate the potential of balloon dilatation Eustachian tuboplasty using a Eustachian tube video endoscope and a supporting balloon catheter. The Eustachian tube cavity was examined with the Eustachian tube video endoscope during the procedure, which involved the dilatation of the cartilaginous portion of the Eustachian tube with the supporting balloon catheter. RESULTS: The utilisation of the Eustachian tube video endoscope in conjunction with the supporting balloon catheter demonstrated technical ease during the procedure, with no observed damage to essential structures, particularly the Eustachian tube cavity. CONCLUSION: This newly introduced method of dilatation and examination of the Eustachian tube cavity using a Eustachian tube video endoscope and the supporting balloon is a feasible, safe procedure.


Assuntos
Otopatias , Tuba Auditiva , Humanos , Tuba Auditiva/cirurgia , Dilatação/métodos , Timpanoplastia , Otopatias/diagnóstico , Endoscópios , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi ; 25(11): 1161-1169, 2023 Nov 15.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37990462

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To explore the molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in children, and to compare the molecular characteristics of different types of strains (infection and colonization strains) so as to reveal pathogenic molecular markers of S. aureus. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was used to conduct nasopharyngeal swab sampling from healthy children in the community and clinical samples from infected children in the hospital. Whole genome sequencing was used to detect antibiotic resistance genes and virulence genes. A random forest method to used to screen pathogenic markers. RESULTS: A total of 512 S. aureus strains were detected, including 272 infection strains and 240 colonization strains. For virulence genes, the carrying rates of enterotoxin genes (seb and sep), extracellular enzyme coding genes (splA, splB, splE and edinC), leukocytotoxin genes (lukD, lukE, lukF-PV and lukS-PV) and epidermal exfoliating genes (eta and etb) in infection strains were higher than those in colonization strains. But the carrying rates of enterotoxin genes (sec, sec3, seg, seh, sei, sel, sem, sen, seo and seu) were lower in infection strains than in colonization strains (P<0.05). For antibiotic resistance genes, the carrying rates of lnuA, lnuG, aadD, tetK and dfrG were significantly higher in infection strains than in colonization strains (P<0.05). The accuracy of cross-validation of the random forest model for screening pathogenic markers of S. aureus before and after screening was 69% and 68%, respectively, and the area under the curve was 0.75 and 0.70, respectively. The random forest model finally screened out 16 pathogenic markers (sem, etb, splE, sep, ser, mecA, lnuA, sea, blaZ, cat(pC233), blaTEm-1A, aph(3')-III, ermB, ermA, ant(9)-Ia and ant(6)-Ia). The top five variables in the variable importance ranking were sem (OR=0.40), etb (OR=3.95), splE (OR=1.68), sep (OR=3.97), and ser (OR=1.68). CONCLUSIONS: The random forest model can screen out pathogenic markers of S. aureus and exhibits a superior predictive performance, providing genetic evidence for tracing highly pathogenic S. aureus and conducting precise targeted interventions.


Assuntos
Infecções Estafilocócicas , Staphylococcus aureus , Criança , Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus/genética , Estudos Transversais , Enterotoxinas/genética , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma
6.
Mar Drugs ; 21(10)2023 Sep 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37888437

RESUMO

The prevalence of gout and the adverse effects of current synthetic anti-gout drugs call for new natural and effective xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitors to target this disease. Based on our previous finding that an edible seaweed Pterocladiella capillacea extract inhibits XOD, XOD-inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities were used to evaluate the anti-gout potential of different P. capillacea extract fractions. Through affinity ultrafiltration coupled with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), feature-based molecular networking (FBMN), and database mining of multiple natural products, the extract's bioactive components were traced and annotated. Through molecular docking and ADMET analysis, the possibility and drug-likeness of the annotated XOD inhibitors were predicted. The results showed that fractions F4, F6, F4-2, and F4-3 exhibited strong XOD inhibition activity, among which F4-3 reached an inhibition ratio of 77.96% ± 4.91% to XOD at a concentration of 0.14 mg/mL. In addition, the P. capillacea extract and fractions also displayed anti-inflammatory activity. Affinity ultrafiltration LC-MS/MS analysis and molecular networking showed that out of the 20 annotated compounds, 8 compounds have been previously directly or indirectly reported from seaweeds, and 4 compounds have been reported to exhibit anti-gout activity. Molecular docking and ADMET showed that six seaweed-derived compounds can dock with the XOD activity pocket and follow the Lipinski drug-like rule. These results support the value of further investigating P. capillacea as part of the development of anti-gout drugs or related functional foods.


Assuntos
Alga Marinha , Xantina Oxidase , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Ultrafiltração/métodos , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Anti-Inflamatórios , Bioensaio
7.
iScience ; 26(8): 107304, 2023 Aug 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37539034

RESUMO

Sensitivity and linearity are two crucial indices to assess the sensing capability of pressure sensors; unfortunately, the two mutually exclusive parameters usually result in limited applications. Although a series of microengineering strategies including micropatterned, multilayered, and porous approach have been provided in detail, the conflict between the two parameters still continues. Here, we present an efficient strategy to resolve this contradiction via modulus difference-induced embedding deformation. Both the microscopic observation and finite element simulation results confirm the embedding deformation behavior ascribed to the elastic modulus difference between soft electrode and rigid microstructures. The iontronic pressure sensor with high sensitivity (35 kPa-1) and wide linear response range (0-250 kPa) is further fabricated and demonstrates the potential applications in monitoring of high-fidelity pulse waveforms and human motion. This work provides an alternative strategy to guide targeted design of all-around and comprehensive pressure sensor.

8.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(2)2023 Jan 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36674443

RESUMO

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, is the most common cause of dementia in humans worldwide. Although more in-depth research has been carried out on AD, the therapeutic effect of AD is not as expected, and natural active substances are increasingly sought after by scientists. In the present study, we evaluated two benzaldehydes from a coral-derived Aspergillus terreus strain C23-3, their anti-neuroinflammatory activity in microglia (BV-2), and their neuroprotective activity and mechanisms in hippocampal neuronal cells (HT-22). These include the protein expression of iNOS, COX-2, MAPKs pathways, Tau protein-related pathways, caspases family-related signaling pathways. They also include the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-18 and ROS, as well as the level of mitochondrial oxidative stress and neuronal cell apoptosis. The results showed that both benzaldehydes were effective in reducing the secretion of various inflammatory mediators, as well as pro-inflammatory factors. Among these, benzaldehyde 2 inhibited mitochondrial oxidative stress and blocked neuronal cell apoptosis through Tau protein-related pathways and caspases family-related signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting ß-amyloid (Aß)-induced neurological damage. This study reveals that benzaldehyde 2 has potential as a therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease, and offers a new approach to the high-value use of marine natural products.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Doenças Neurodegenerativas , Humanos , Doença de Alzheimer/tratamento farmacológico , Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Proteínas tau/metabolismo , Benzaldeídos , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Caspases
9.
Front Immunol ; 13: 1025532, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36457998

RESUMO

The most common bone cancer is osteosarcoma (OS), which mostly affects children and teenagers. Early surgical resection combined with chemotherapy significantly improves the prognosis of patients with OS. Existing chemotherapies have poor efficacy in individuals with distant metastases or inoperable resection, and these patients may respond better to novel immunotherapies. Immune escape, which is mediated by immunosuppressive cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME), is a major cause of poor OS prognosis and a primary target of immunotherapy. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T cells, and tumour-associated macrophages are the main immunosuppressor cells, which can regulate tumorigenesis and growth on a variety of levels through the interaction in the TME. The proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of OS cells can all be impacted by the expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which can also influence how immunosuppressive cells work and support immune suppression in TME. Interferon, checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, and engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) T cells for OS have all been developed using information from studies on the metabolic properties of immunosuppressive cells in TME and ncRNAs in OS cells. This review summarizes the regulatory effect of ncRNAs on OS cells as well as the metabolic heterogeneity of immunosuppressive cells in the context of OS immunotherapies.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas , Osteossarcoma , Criança , Adolescente , Humanos , Fatores Imunológicos , Imunossupressores , Osteossarcoma/genética , Osteossarcoma/terapia , Imunoterapia , RNA não Traduzido/genética , Neoplasias Ósseas/genética , Neoplasias Ósseas/terapia , Microambiente Tumoral
10.
Chemosphere ; 309(Pt 2): 136803, 2022 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36223823

RESUMO

The recent substantial expansion of human activities in northeast (NE) China has resulted in increased emission of environmental pollutants. Longer-term records of such environmental pollutants provide a benchmark against which it is possible to evaluate the nature, extent and timing of anthropogenic environmental changes. Based on measurements of mercury (Hg) concentrations and accumulation rates in 11 lake sediment cores from the Songnen Plain in NE China, we here present a reconstruction of the historical deposition of Hg as an indicator of the changing scale of human impact. The results demonstrate an increasing trend of Hg concentration, concurrent with elevated anthropogenic emissions, beginning from the early 1900s, accelerating through the mid-1950s and slightly decreasing from the late 1990s onwards. The increase in anthropogenic Hg coincides with the reform and opening up of China, which precipitated social and economic transformation, and rapid industrial and economic growth. Measurements of the Hg enrichment factor in all the cores enables identification of the anthropogenic contribution to Hg accumulation. The geoaccumulation index indicates that the lakes are in general moderately polluted by Hg. The historical trend of Hg accumulation rate parallels the temporal progression of biomass burning and fossil fuel consumption in the region. The findings elucidate the extent of anthropogenic pollution in the Anthropocene and underline the importance of identifying Hg sources to reduce emissions and guide the implementation of effective mitigation strategies.


Assuntos
Mercúrio , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Humanos , Lagos , Mercúrio/análise , Sedimentos Geológicos , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Combustíveis Fósseis , China
11.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) ; 13: 961802, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36147580

RESUMO

More than 10% of the world's population already suffers from varying degrees of diabetes mellitus (DM), but there is still no cure for the disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most common and dangerous of the many health complications that can be brought on by DM, and has become the leading cause of death in people with diabetes. While research on DM and associated CVD is advancing, the specific mechanisms of their development are still unclear. Given the threat of DM and CVD to humans, the search for new predictive markers and therapeutic ideas is imminent. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been a popular subject of research in recent years. Although they do not encode proteins, they play an important role in living organisms, and they can cause disease when their expression is abnormal. Numerous studies have observed aberrant ncRNAs in patients with DM complications, suggesting that they may play an important role in the development of DM and CVD and could potentially act as biomarkers for diagnosis. There is additional evidence that treatment with existing drugs for DM, such as metformin, alters ncRNA expression levels, suggesting that regulation of ncRNA expression may be a key mechanism in future DM treatment. In this review, we assess the role of ncRNAs in the development of DM and CVD, as well as the evidence for ncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets, and make use of bioinformatics to analyze differential ncRNAs with potential functions in DM.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Diabetes Mellitus , Metformina , Biomarcadores , Doenças Cardiovasculares/genética , Diabetes Mellitus/genética , Humanos , RNA não Traduzido/genética , RNA não Traduzido/metabolismo
12.
Front Pharmacol ; 13: 974794, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36160418

RESUMO

Chronic inflammation is associated with various chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer, which severely affect the health and quality of life of people. Oxidative stress induced by unbalanced production and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the essential risk factors for chronic inflammation. Recent studies, including the studies of mushrooms, which have received considerable attention, report that the antioxidant effects of natural compounds have more advantages than synthetic antioxidants. Mushrooms have been consumed by humans as precious nourishment for 3,000 years, and so far, more than 350 types have been identified in China. Mushrooms are rich in polysaccharides, peptides, polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids and are associated with several healthy biological functions, especially antioxidant properties. As such, the extracts purified from mushrooms could activate the expression of antioxidant enzymes through the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway to neutralize excessive ROS and inhibit ROS-induced chronic inflammation through the NF-κB pathway. Recently, the antioxidant properties of mushrooms have been successfully applied to treating cardiovascular disease (CAD), neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. The present review summarizes the antioxidant properties and the mechanism of compounds purified from mushrooms, emphasizing the oxidative stress regulation of mushrooms to fight against chronic inflammation.

13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35940058

RESUMO

Oxalate and citrate in 24 h urine and serum are considered to be associated with the incidence and recurrence risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones. The quantification of oxalate and citrate contributes to understand the pathological metabolism of kidney stones and guide the early diagnosis and recurrence monitoring. Although simultaneous quantification of oxalate and citrate in urine using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) have been reported, the optimization of chromatographic column, mobile phase and mass spectrometry (MS) parameters has not been performed. In addition, these is a lack of suitable method for simultaneous detection of oxalate and citrate both in serum and urine. Therefore, we developed a method for the simultaneous determination of oxalate and citrate in urine and serum based on ion-pairing reversed-phase (IP-RP) LC-MS/MS. Herein, five ion-pair reagents, namely, triethanolamine, dimethylbutyl amine, diisopropenyl amine, N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine and tripropylamine, and three ion-pairing reagent (IPR) buffers, namely, acetic acid, hexafluoro-2-isopropanol, and hexafluoro-2-methyl-2-propanol, were compared in regard to their chromatographic peak abundance and separation of oxalate and citrate. Moreover, MS parameters and the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) conditions were also evaluated and optimized to obtain the maximum peak abundance. After that, the method was validated in the linear range of 0.25-1000 µM, and the correlation coefficient was ≥ 0.99. The precision and accuracy were < 14.70% and < 19.73%, respectively. The extraction recovery was 80.53-108.79%, and the matrix effect was < 8.79%. The quality control samples were stable at room temperature for 4 h, 4 °C for 24 h, and for 3 freeze-thaw cycles. Finally, this method was applied to the determination of oxalate and citrate in the serum and urine of rats with calcium oxalate kidney stones. The establishment of a stable and effective oxalate and citrate detection method is conducive to the diagnosis and monitoring of kidney stones.


Assuntos
Cálculos Renais , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Aminas , Animais , Oxalato de Cálcio , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Ácido Cítrico , Íons , Cálculos Renais/diagnóstico , Nefrolitíase , Oxalatos , Ratos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos
14.
Foods ; 11(15)2022 Aug 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35954126

RESUMO

Sulfated polysaccharides from red algae have a variety of biological activities, especially antitumor activities. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a proteolytic metalloenzyme that degrades the central part of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and promotes tumor metastasis. In this research, we have investigated the influence and mechanism of GNP (sulfated polysaccharide from Gelidium crinale) on tumor metastasis and MMP-9 expression of human fibrosarcoma (HT1080) cells. The results inflected that the concentration of GNP below 100 µg/mL has no toxicity to HT1080 cells, but showed excellent activity in inhibiting cells migration and invasion. In addition, GNP effectively inhibits the mRNA of MMP-9 and reduces its expression and activity by regulating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and mTOR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. GNP has great potential as MMP-9 inhibitor and could be developed as a functional food or drug to prevent tumor metastasis.

15.
Elife ; 112022 07 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35904250

RESUMO

Megakaryocytes (MKs) continuously produce platelets to support hemostasis and form a niche for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance in the bone marrow. MKs are also involved in inflammatory responses; however, the mechanism remains poorly understood. Using single-cell sequencing, we identified a CXCR4 highly expressed MK subpopulation, which exhibited both MK-specific and immune characteristics. CXCR4high MKs interacted with myeloid cells to promote their migration and stimulate the bacterial phagocytosis of macrophages and neutrophils by producing TNFα and IL-6. CXCR4high MKs were also capable of phagocytosis, processing, and presenting antigens to activate T cells. Furthermore, CXCR4high MKs also egressed circulation and infiltrated into the spleen, liver, and lung upon bacterial infection. Ablation of MKs suppressed the innate immune response and T cell activation to impair the anti-bacterial effects in mice under the Listeria monocytogenes challenge. Using hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell lineage-tracing mouse lines, we show that CXCR4high MKs were generated from infection-induced emergency megakaryopoiesis in response to bacterial infection. Overall, we identify the CXCR4high MKs, which regulate host-defense immune response against bacterial infection.


Assuntos
Megacariócitos , Trombopoese , Animais , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Medula Óssea , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Megacariócitos/metabolismo , Camundongos
16.
Int Immunopharmacol ; 109: 108931, 2022 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35704971

RESUMO

Atherosclerosis is a significant cause of many cardiovascular diseases. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) are crucial in developing atherosclerosis. In this study, we researched the effects of two alkaloids epi-aszonalenin A (EAA) and aszonalenin (AZN) of an endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus C23-3 from coral Pavona, on ox-LDL-induced inflammation, apoptosis and angiogenesis in HUVEC, and evaluated related factors and mechanism. The results reveal that EAA and AZN inhibit HUVEC migration, invasion, angiogenesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation on a non-cytotoxic basis. Then, EAA and AZN suppressed the ox-LDL-induced of LOX-1, VEGF protein expression, MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways phosphorylation. Furthermore, AZN suppressed the ox-LDL-induced inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1ß, and TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and VEGF receptor VEGFR-2 and platelet-derived growth factor PDGF. In addition, it inhibited ox-LDL-induced atherosclerosis by blocking inflammation and apoptosis through nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 pathways. Molecular docking results confirm that the effect of AZN on atherosclerosis inhibitory activity may be attributed to hydrogen bonds formed into LOX-1 and VEGFR-2. These data indicate that EAA and AZN can effectively prevent ox-LDL-induced HUVEC damage and angiogenesis by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis. Therefore, EAA and AZN may have potential beneficial effects in regulating atherosclerosis and plaque angiogenesis.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Antozoários , Aterosclerose , Placa Aterosclerótica , Alcaloides/metabolismo , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Alcaloides/uso terapêutico , Animais , Antozoários/metabolismo , Aterosclerose/tratamento farmacológico , Aterosclerose/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana , Humanos , Inflamação/metabolismo , Lipoproteínas LDL/metabolismo , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Placa Aterosclerótica/tratamento farmacológico , Receptores Depuradores Classe E/metabolismo , Receptor 2 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo
17.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B ; 23(3): 230-240, 2022 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35261218

RESUMO

Marine fungi are important members of the marine microbiome, which have been paid growing attention by scientists in recent years. The secondary metabolites of marine fungi have been reported to contain rich and diverse compounds with novel structures (Chen et al., 2019). Aspergillus terreus, the higher level marine fungus of the Aspergillus genus (family of Trichocomaceae, order of Eurotiales, class of Eurotiomycetes, phylum of Ascomycota), is widely distributed in both sea and land. In our previous study, the coral-derived A. terreus strain C23-3 exhibited potential in producing other biologically active (with antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and anti-inflammatory activity) compounds like arylbutyrolactones, territrems, and isoflavones, and high sensitivity to the chemical regulation of secondary metabolism (Yang et al., 2019, 2020; Nie et al., 2020; Ma et al., 2021). Moreover, we have isolated two different benzaldehydes, including a benzaldehyde with a novel structure, from A. terreus C23-3 which was derived from Pectinia paeonia of Xuwen, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, China.


Assuntos
Antozoários , Benzaldeídos , Acetilcolinesterase/metabolismo , Animais , Antozoários/microbiologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Aspergillus/química , Benzaldeídos/metabolismo , Benzaldeídos/farmacologia , Camundongos , Células RAW 264.7 , Transdução de Sinais
18.
Front Pharmacol ; 13: 1081523, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36686659

RESUMO

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.974794.].

19.
Proteomics ; 21(10): e2000196, 2021 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33739588

RESUMO

Plasticware and glassware used in the sample processing stage could result in different analysis performance for macromolecules, which led to the speculation that a similar effect could happen to small molecules. To confirm the speculation, pooled human plasma sample spiked with and without metabolite standards was prepared with three most commonly used container materials (glass, deactivated glass and polypropylene) supplied by different manufacturers after a two-step liquid-liquid extraction, followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based untargeted and targeted metabolomics. The results showed that both GC-MS-based targeted and untargeted metabolomics could be influenced significantly by not only the container material but also the manufacturing procedures employed by different vendors. As a general guideline, it would be highly practical to use the same type of container from the same manufacturer during a whole project. Our study could be extremely valuable for the fellow researchers when dealing with the sample containers for GC-MS-based untargeted and targeted metabolomics.


Assuntos
Metabolômica , Plasma , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , Padrões de Referência , Manejo de Espécimes
20.
Vaccine ; 39(9): 1392-1401, 2021 03 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33531198

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is an important pathogen causing both invasive and non-invasive infections in children, with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to determine the potential relationships between age and vaccine coverage and between multiple phenotype-genotype characteristics of S. pneumoniae isolated from children. METHODS: All S. pneumoniae isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence genes, serotypes, and sequence types. The restricted cubic spline models were used to reveal potential relationships between children age and pneumococcal vaccine coverage. RESULTS: For capsular-based vaccines, we observed a high coverage rate of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13, 85.8%) and a significantly non-linear relationship between children age and vaccine coverage (including PCV7, PCV10, and PCV13), with marked fluctuations in children aged < 2 years. For protein-based and pilus-based vaccine candidates, we demonstrated dynamic non-linear relationships between age and vaccine coverage, maintaining a stable and high coverage rate of ply and lytA for all age groups. Moreover, there were significantly high-dimensional corresponding relationships among multiple phenotype-genotype characteristics of S. pneumoniae isolates (such as ST271 associated with serotype 19F, PI-2, and extensively drug-resistance). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the age for high PCV coverage being children aged ≥ 2 years and also provide important evidence for supporting ply and lytA as priority candidate targets for the development of new-generation protein vaccines.


Assuntos
Infecções Pneumocócicas , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Infecções Pneumocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Pneumocócicas/prevenção & controle , Vacinas Pneumocócicas , Sorogrupo , Sorotipagem , Streptococcus pneumoniae/genética , Vacinas Conjugadas , Virulência
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