[Rationale of the method of complex treatment for localized breast cancer with the use of methodology of intraoperative radiation therapy after neoadjuvant systemic drug therapy and sentinel lymph node biopsy].

Surgery remains the primary step in the localized forms of breast cancer. To date a growing number of women in the world could be provided with organ-preserving operations (OPO). At large tumor size in relation to the volume of the breast mastectomy is needed. Neoadjuvant therapy can allow a surgeon to perform OPO. However considering the original size of tumor and the knowledge that the greatest number of local recurrences of breast cancer occur within the bed of primary tumor it is logical to settle additional radiation dose to the bed in addition to the standard external beam radiotherapy. In patients with cN- prior neoadjuvant therapy it is possible to perform sentinel lymph node biopsy in order to improve functional results.

[Role of radiotherapy in the treatment of stage IIIB Hodgkin's disease in children]. / Rol' luchevoi terapii v lechenii limfogranulematoza IIIB stadii u detei.

Five-year therapeutic results were studied in 47 patients aged 2 to 14 to elucidate the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of stage IIIB Hodgkin's disease. 23 patients received combined chemotherapy after MOPP and COPP schemes; 24 patients received chemoradiotherapy including all lesions detected before treatment (12 persons) or the so called "manifesting" areas (the rest of 12 patients) in the zone of radiation exposure. Combined chemotherapy was shown to be not the only method of specific treatment as the resultant complete remission was achieved only in 15 (65.2%) out of 23 patients. The 5-year survival rate was 72%; a recurrence-free course was noted in 52.2% of the patients in complete remission. A complete remission was achieved in all 24 patients on chemoradiotherapy. The 5-year survival rate was 94.3%, a recurrence-free course was noted in 63.9% of the patients. Slightly better, though statistically insignificant results due to a small number of patients in the groups were achieved in irradiation of all zones of lesions detected before treatment (the 5-year survival rate was 100%, a recurrence-free course 72.7%) as opposed to those in irradiation of the "manifesting" zones only (84.6 and 54.8% respectively). A conclusion was made of the importance of irradiation in the treatment of stage IIIB Hodgkin's disease in children raising 5-year survival rates.

[The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of stage I-II Hodgkin's disease in children]. / Rol' luchevoi terapii v lechenii limfogranulematoza I-II stadii u detei.

The results of treatment of I-II stage Hodgkin's disease in children aged 2-14 have been studied. 5-year survival in the group of patients (34 persons) subjected only to radiotherapy was 87.3% of which 63.4% had no recurrences. The radiotherapy is found to be an adequate method for treatment of Hodgkin's disease I-IIa stage in patients over 5 with histological types of lymphocytes prevalence and of nodular sclerosis. The volume dose of radiation does not effect the results significantly and may be limited to irradiation of local zones. When radiation is used in monotherapy there appeared factors worsening the prognosis of the disease. These are: age below 5, common symptoms and/or signs of biological activity of the process, histological mixed-cellular type or the type of lymphoid exhaustion. These factors do not affect significantly the prognosis of disease for children treated with chemoradiotherapy. In the presence of unfavourable factors only chemotherapy should be used. It does not result in the increase in 5-year survival but increases significantly (up to 90.9%) the frequency of recurrency-free interval.

[The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of Stage IIIA Hodgkin's disease in children]. / Rol' luchevoi terapii v lechenii limfogranulematoza IIIA stadii u detei.

The report discusses the results of treatment of 54 patients (aged 2-14) with stage IIIA Hodgkin's disease. Radiotherapy was followed by relapse-free period in 60.6% only, although 5-year survival rate was rather high (90.9%). In the chemoradiation treatment group the said rates were 92.3 and 100%, respectively.