Assuntos
Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Dano ao DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Ensaio Cometa , DNA/sangue , DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Dano ao DNA/fisiologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Masculino , Micronutrientes/administração & dosagem , Micronutrientes/sangue , Estado Nutricional , Oxirredução , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Selênio/administração & dosagem , Selênio/sangue , Vitamina E/administração & dosagem , Vitamina E/sangue , Zinco/administração & dosagem , Zinco/sangueRESUMO
Intoxication with organophosphorus (0P) anticholinesterase agents such as soman triggers irreversible lesions in some cerebral areas. Administration of soman at the LD 50 leads to an increased activity of NADPH-diaphorase (= NO-synthase) in the cerebral endothelial cells from the 6th hour after poisoning. This activity culminates after 24 h, whereas variations in this enzymatic activity are not easily detectable in NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons. Since soman triggers astrocytic oedema leading to a possible decrease in the local cerebral blood flow, it is likely that the induction of endothelial NO-synthase exerts an antagonistic effect, since NO is a vasodilator.
Assuntos
Aminoácido Oxirredutases/biossíntese , Encéfalo/patologia , Circulação Cerebrovascular , Endotélio Vascular/enzimologia , NADPH Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Soman/toxicidade , Acetilcolinesterase/análise , Animais , Encéfalo/irrigação sanguínea , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Indução Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Dose Letal Mediana , Masculino , Microcirculação/efeitos dos fármacos , Microcirculação/patologia , NADP/análise , NADP/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Enzyme histochemical activity of catalase, a peroxisomal enzyme involved in cellular antioxidant systems, was studied in proximal tubular cells of human renal transplants as a marker of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the prediction of the evolution of renal transplants. A low enzymatic activity was observed in all renal biopsies performed at 30 min. reperfusion with no difference between the several evolution types of renal transplants. Reduced catalase activity due to ischemia-reperfusion injury could not be correlated with renal function or used as an index of renal function recovery.
Assuntos
Catalase/metabolismo , Transplante de Rim/fisiologia , Túbulos Renais Proximais/enzimologia , Rim , Soluções para Preservação de Órgãos , Preservação de Órgãos , Adenosina , Adolescente , Adulto , Alopurinol , Biomarcadores/análise , Catalase/análise , Creatinina/sangue , Seguimentos , Glutationa , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Soluções Hipertônicas , Insulina , Isquemia , Rim/citologia , Rim/enzimologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Rafinose , Reperfusão , Fatores de Tempo , Doadores de TecidosRESUMO
A massive and transitory increase in c-fos mRNA and Fos protein occurred in rats intoxicated by a single dose of soman (organophosphate compound and irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor) only in animals that had seizures. Comparison of immunohistochemistry that localizes Fos protein and of in situ hybridization that localizes its mRNA showed that there was an early and explosive expression of mRNA in many cerebral regions followed by transitory immunoreactivity in only some regions (piriform cortex, entorhinal area, hippocampus). The levels of mRNA and c-fos-like immunoreactivity decreased slowly and returned to basal level 24 h after soman administration.