Construction and validation of educational videos content for hypertensive children in times of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To build and validate two educational videos for hypertensive children about their disease and measures to cope with COVID-19. METHODS: Methodological study composed of five stages: 1) Analysis/Planning; 2) Modeling; 3) Implementation; 4) Evaluation/Maintenance and 5) Distribution. A committee of eight experts validated two educational videos for their content. The study was conducted at a public university in the interior of the state of São Paulo, from August 2020 to March 2022. The Content Validity Index was applied to measure the agreement of the items of the validation instrument. RESULTS: Script/storyboard obtained Content Validity Index = 1 in the audiovisual/content category. The educational videos obtained Content Validity Index = 0.99 in the audiovisual/content category. CONCLUSIONS: The educational videos were produced and proved to be valid in terms of content, with the potential to promote the knowledge of hypertensive children in the context of COVID-19.

Hydrothermal pre-treatment followed by anaerobic digestion for the removal of tylosin and antibiotic resistance agents from poultry litter.

Hydrothermal pretreatment (HPT) followed by anaerobic digestion (AD) is an alternative for harvesting energy and removing organic contaminants from sewage sludge and animal manure. This study investigated the use, in an energetically sustainable way, of HPT and AD, alone or combined, to produce methane and remove tylosin and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) from poultry litter (PL). The results showed that HPT at 80 °C (HPT80), followed by single-stage AD (AD-1S), led to the production of 517.9 ± 4.7 NL CH4 kg VS-1, resulting in 0.11 kWh kg PL-1 of electrical energy and 0.75 MJ kg PL-1 of thermal energy, thus supplying 33.6% of the energy spent on burning firewood at a typical farm. In this best-case scenario, the use of HPT alone reduced tylosin concentration from PL by 23.6%, while the process involving HPT followed by AD-1S led to the removal of 91.6% of such antibiotic. The combined process (HPT80 + AD-1S), in addition to contributing to reduce the absolute and relative abundances of ARG ermB (2.13 logs), intI1 (0.39 logs), sul1 (0.63 logs), and tetA (0.74 logs), led to a significant removal in the relative abundance of tylosin-resistant bacteria present in the poultry litter.

Sofrimento psíquico no neoliberalismo e a dimensão política do diagnóstico em saúde mental / Psychic suffering in neoliberalism and the political dimension of the mental health diagnosis

Resumo Este trabalho objetiva demonstrar a dimensão política do diagnóstico das formas de sofrimento psíquico, a partir da crítica da racionalidade neoliberal. A metodologia utilizada foi o trabalho de um conceito através de revisão de bibliografias, principalmente da Psicopatologia e Teoria Social. Historicamente, o tratamento clínico e social dado aos sujeitos que apresentam algum tipo de sofrimento psíquico se relaciona com a cultura de cada época e com a forma vigente de se exercer o poder. Na modernidade, o paradigma psiquiátrico acerca das doenças mentais segue a lógica do dispositivo saber-poder biomédico, que, dentro da lógica neoliberal individualizante, responsabiliza cada sujeito por seu adoecimento e tem como máxima o autoaprimoramento, não a cura. Nesse sentido, as categorias diagnósticas de nossa época servem muito mais para capturar as formas hegemônicas de mal-estar e traduzir em uma gramática passível de normalização do que para expressar a natureza de uma doença mental. Tal hipótese tem imenso peso político, visto que uma razão diagnóstica totalizante corrobora para o esgotamento da capacidade de enfrentar conflitos, contradições e reinvenções, o que gera um cenário de dificuldades para lidar com a alteridade e com as contingências próprias da vida, que acabam sendo patologizadas.

Abstract This work aims to demonstrate the political dimension of the diagnosis of the forms of psychic suffering, from the critique of neoliberal rationality. The methodology used was the work of a concept with a review of bibliographies, mainly on psychopathology and social theory. Historically, the clinical and social treatment given to subjects who present some type of psychic suffering is related to the culture of each time and the current way of exercising power. In modernity, the psychiatric paradigm about mental illness follows the logic of the biomedical knowledge-power device, which, within the individualizing neoliberal logic, holds each subject responsible for their illness and has at its maximum the self-improvement and not the cure. In this sense, the diagnostic categories of our time serve much more to capture the hegemonic forms of malaise and translate them into a grammar that can be normalized than to express the nature of a mental illness. Such a hypothesis has immense political weight, since a totalizing diagnostic reason corroborates the exhaustion of the capacity to deal with conflicts, contradictions, and reinventions, which generates a scenario of difficulties in coping with alterity and with the contingencies of life, which end up being pathologized.

Construction and validation of educational videos content for hypertensive children in times of COVID-19 / Construcción y validación de contenidos de videos educativos para niños hipertensos en tiempos de COVID-19 / Construção e validação de conteúdo de vídeos educativos para crianças hipertensas em tempos de COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To build and validate two educational videos for hypertensive children about their disease and measures to cope with COVID-19. Methods: Methodological study composed of five stages: 1) Analysis/Planning; 2) Modeling; 3) Implementation; 4) Evaluation/Maintenance and 5) Distribution. A committee of eight experts validated two educational videos for their content. The study was conducted at a public university in the interior of the state of São Paulo, from August 2020 to March 2022. The Content Validity Index was applied to measure the agreement of the items of the validation instrument. Results: Script/storyboard obtained Content Validity Index = 1 in the audiovisual/content category. The educational videos obtained Content Validity Index = 0.99 in the audiovisual/content category. Conclusions: The educational videos were produced and proved to be valid in terms of content, with the potential to promote the knowledge of hypertensive children in the context of COVID-19.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Construir y validar dos videos educativos para niños hipertensos sobre su enfermedad y medidas para enfrentar el COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio metodológico compuesto por cinco pasos: 1) Análisis/Planificación; 2) Modelado; 3) Implementación; 4) Evaluación/Mantenimiento y 5) Distribución. Dos videos educativos fueron validados por su contenido por un comité de ocho expertos. El estudio se realizó en una universidad pública del interior del estado de São Paulo, de agosto de 2020 a marzo de 2022. Se aplicó el Índice de Validez de Contenido para medir la concordancia de los ítems del instrumento de validación. Resultados: Guión/storyboard obtuvo Índice de Validez de Contenido = 1 en la categoría audiovisual/contenido. Los videos educativos obtuvieron Índice de Validez de Contenido = 0,99 en la categoría audiovisual/contenido. Conclusiones: Los videos educativos fueron producidos y demostraron ser válidos en cuanto al contenido, con potencial para promover el conocimiento de los niños hipertensos en el contexto de la COVID-19.

RESUMO Objetivo: Construir e validar dois vídeos educativos para crianças hipertensas acerca de sua doença e das medidas de enfrentamento da COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo metodológico composto por cinco etapas: 1) Análise/Planejamento; 2) Modelagem; 3) Implementação; 4) Avaliação/Manutenção e 5) Distribuição. Dois vídeos educativos foram validados quanto ao seu conteúdo por um comitê de oito peritos. O estudo foi realizado em uma Universidade pública do interior do estado de São Paulo, no período de agosto de 2020 a março de 2022. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo foi aplicado para mensurar a concordância dos itens do instrumento de validação. Resultados: Roteiro/storyboard obtiveram Índice de Validade de Conteúdo = 1 no quesito audiovisual/conteúdo. Os vídeos educativos obtiveram Índice de Validade de Conteúdo = 0,99 no quesito audiovisual/conteúdo. Conclusões: Os vídeos educativos foram produzidos e mostraram-se válidos quanto ao conteúdo, com potencial para promover o conhecimento de crianças hipertensas no contexto da COVID-19.

Are symptoms of depression and anxiety in nursing students associated with their sociodemographic characteristics?

OBJECTIVE: to investigate symptoms of depression and anxiety and their association with the sociodemographic characteristics of undergraduate nursing students. METHODS: a cross-sectional analytical study carried out with students from the Faculty of Nursing at Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora from June to July 019. Data were collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. RESULTS: 192 students participated, with a mean age of 21.44 (±3.56) years. 85.93% of participants were female. The mean depression score was 22.40 (±12.35), and anxiety was 17.56 (±11.98). There was a difference in the mean of the scales for sex and psychotropic drugs (p<0.05). Women presented moderate and severe classification for both scales. Severe symptoms prevailed among students from the 6th to the 10th semester (18.22%). CONCLUSION: there was an association between depression and anxiety symptoms related to gender and psychotropic drugs.

Seroepidemiological survey on sporotrichosis-infection in rural areas of the south of Minas Gerais State, Brazil.

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by traumatic inoculation into the skin by fungi species of the genus Sporothrix. The disease has different clinical manifestations (cutaneous, lymphocutaneous, and disseminated), and can also progress to a systemic infection. Despite having a worldwide distribution, sporotrichosis is most prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries. In Brazil, reports of the disease are higher frequent, where cases of the disease were found in Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Curitiba, Pernambuco, and Paraiba, among others. Certain groups of people may be more exposed to the causative agent of disease, such as residents of rural areas. Thus, this work aimed to carry out a seroepidemiological survey of the prevalence of sporotrichosis in four rural locations in the south of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. In this study, we used an indirect ELISA test in the survey on the prevalence of sporotrichosis. Data obtained in this study evaluated a population of 631 individuals and showed a prevalence of 44.69%. The distribution of seroprevalence of sporotrichosis with respect to age groups and gender showed no significant statistical difference. Thus, we found a high seroprevalence of sporotrichosis-infection in rural regions of southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil, with no difference in prevalence in relation to gender and age.

Role of central endothelin-1 in hyperalgesia, anhedonia, and hypolocomotion induced by endotoxin in male rats.

Sickness syndrome is an adaptive response that can be distinguished by specific signs and symptoms, such as fever and generalized hyperalgesia. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is produced by inflammatory stimuli, including lipopolysaccharide, and involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation and pain by acting through ETA and ETB receptors. ET-1 also induces fever by acting on the central nervous system. The present study investigated the role of ET-1 in sickness syndrome responses, including hyperalgesia, anhedonia, and hypolocomotion. Intracerebroventricular ET-1 administration induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in rats, which was ameliorated by the ETA receptor antagonist BQ123 and exacerbated by the ETB receptor antagonist BQ788. A cyclooxygenase blocker did not alter hyperalgesia that was induced by ET-1. Lipopolysaccharide administration induced hyperalgesia, and both BQ123 and BQ788 abolished this mechanical hyperalgesia, but the thermal response was only partially blocked. The blockade of ETA receptors in the hypothalamus also abolished lipopolysaccharide-induced mechanical hyperalgesia, and the ETB receptor antagonist did not influence this response. Lipopolysaccharide also induced anhedonia, reflected by lower sucrose preference, and reduced locomotor activity. Both antagonists restored locomotor activity, but only BQ788 reversed the reduction of sucrose preference. These results indicate that ET-1 and both ETA and ETB receptors are involved in various responses that are related to sickness syndrome, including hyperalgesia, anhedonia, and hypolocomotion, that is induced by LPS. Hypothalamic ETA but not ETB receptors are involved in mechanical hyperalgesia that is observed during lipopolysaccharide-induced sickness syndrome.

O Efeito de Carga Emocional e Intervalo de Retenção na Memória de Testemunhas Oculares / The Role of Arousal and Retention Interval on Eyewitness Memory

Resumo Presenciar um crime é uma situação de grande estresse e com forte carga emocional, fatores diretamente relacionados à qualidade do relato de testemunhas oculares. Em dois experimentos, participantes assistiram a eventos com diferentes cargas emocionais (neutro, assalto ou assassinato) e forneceram seus relatos após diferentes intervalos de retenção (teste imediato, 7 dias, 14 dias ou 21 dias). Os resultados mostraram que a carga emocional não teve efeito na memória de testemunhas para aspectos do crime e características do criminoso. O evento com maior carga emocional teve um efeito benéfico na memória após um intervalo de 7 dias, mas tal efeito não ocorreu em intervalos mais longos. Implicações teóricas e práticas relacionadas à interpretação do relato de testemunhas são discutidas.

Abstract Witnessing a crime can be a highly stressful situation, eliciting arousal levels that may affect eyewitness memory performance. In two experiments, participants watched a mock crime with varying arousal intensities (neutral, robbery, and murder), and provided reports after varying retention intervals (immediate testing, 7 days, 14 days or 21 days). Results showed that arousal did not have a significant main effect on eyewitness memory recall. Eyewitness memory performance was stronger for the event with higher arousal only after a 7 days retention interval, but performance was comparable across all arousal conditions in longer retention intervals. Theoretical and practical implications related to the evaluation of eyewitness testimony are discussed.

Are symptoms of depression and anxiety in nursing students associated with their sociodemographic characteristics? / ¿Los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad en estudiantes de enfermería están asociados a sus características sociodemográficas? / Sintomas de depressão e ansiedade em graduandos de enfermagem são associados as suas características sociodemográficas?

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate symptoms of depression and anxiety and their association with the sociodemographic characteristics of undergraduate nursing students. Methods: a cross-sectional analytical study carried out with students from the Faculty of Nursing at Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora from June to July 019. Data were collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Results: 192 students participated, with a mean age of 21.44 (±3.56) years. 85.93% of participants were female. The mean depression score was 22.40 (±12.35), and anxiety was 17.56 (±11.98). There was a difference in the mean of the scales for sex and psychotropic drugs (p<0.05). Women presented moderate and severe classification for both scales. Severe symptoms prevailed among students from the 6th to the 10th semester (18.22%). Conclusion: there was an association between depression and anxiety symptoms related to gender and psychotropic drugs.

RESUMEN Objetivo: investigar los síntomas de la depresión y ansiedad y su asociación con las características sociodemográficas de los estudiantes de licenciatura en enfermería. Métodos: estudio analítico transversal, realizado con estudiantes de la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, de junio a julio de 2019. Los datos se recolectaron mediante un cuestionario sociodemográfico e Inventario de Depresión y Ansiedad de Beck. Resultados: participaron 192 estudiantes con una edad promedio de 21,44 (±3,56) años. El sexo femenino representó el 85,93% de los participantes. La puntuación media de depresión fue 22,40 (±12,35) y la ansiedad fue 17,56 (±11,98). Hubo diferencia en la media de las escalas de sexo y psicofármacos (p<0,05). Las mujeres presentaron clasificación moderada y grave para ambas escalas. Los síntomas severos prevalecieron entre los estudiantes de sexto y décimo semestre (18,22%). Conclusión: hubo asociación entre síntomas de depresión y ansiedad relacionada con las variables sexo y psicofármacos.

RESUMO Objetivo: investigar sintomas de depressão e ansiedade e sua associação com as características sociodemográficas de estudantes da graduação em enfermagem. Métodos: estudo transversal analítico, realizado com estudantes da Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, de junho a julho de 2019. Os dados foram coletados por questionário sociodemográfico e pelos Inventários de Depressão e Ansiedade de Beck. Resultados: participaram 192 estudantes com idade média de 21,44 (±3,56) anos. O sexo feminino representou 85,93% dos participantes. A pontuação média de depressão foi 22,40 (±12,35), e ansiedade foi 17,56 (±11,98). Houve diferença na média das escalas para sexo e psicofármacos (p<0,05). Mulheres apresentaram classificação moderada e severa para as duas escalas. A sintomatologia severa prevaleceu entre alunos do 6º e 10º semestre (18,22%). Conclusão: houve associação entre sintomas de depressão e ansiedade relacionados às variáveis sexo e psicofármacos.

Combination of thymol and eugenol for the control of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato: Evaluation of synergism on immature stages and formulation development.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the combination of thymol with eugenol has a synergistic effect on the immature life stages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.), to evaluate the cost-benefit ratio of using these compounds in combination, and to develop a formulation combining thymol with eugenol with activity on immature stages of R. sanguineus s.l. To evaluate synergism, thymol and eugenol, combined (ratio 1:1) or not, were tested at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 mg/mL on unfed larvae and nymphs using a larval packet test, and 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0 and 10 mg/mL on engorged larvae and nymphs using an immersion test. A cost estimate was calculated to produce 1 L of a solution containing a concentration of thymol and eugenol, combined or not, that could cause a tick mortality rate greater than 95 %. Finally, a formulation was developed, consisting of a micellar dispersion containing polymers (MDP), with thymol + eugenol (1:1), at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 mg/mL, and the activity was evaluated on unfed and engorged larvae and nymphs. For unfed larvae and nymphs, concentrations of 2.5 and 5.0 mg/mL and 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/mL, respectively, presented synergistic effects. In tests with engorged larvae and nymphs, respective concentrations of 0.625, 1.25 and 2.5 mg/mL and 2.5 and 5.0 mg/mL had synergistic effects. The estimated costs for producing a solution of 1 L with efficacy greater than 95 % was $5.97 using only thymol (15 mg/mL), $ 5.93 using only eugenol (15 mg/mL), and $ 3.97 using thymol + eugenol (1:1 - 5,0 mg/mL). In tests with MDP, the combination of thymol + eugenol resulted in a mortality rate higher than 95 % at concentration of 10 mg/mL for unfed and engorged larvae and nymphs. Thus, the combination of thymol + eugenol, depending on the concentration, has synergistic effects and this combination lowers the cost for the active ingredients thymol and eugenol. The combination of thymol + eugenol in MDP had acaricidal activity against immature life stages of R. sanguineus s.l.

Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes in insect cadaver formulation against engorged females of Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in semi-field conditions.

The present study evaluated, in the laboratory, the virulence of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora LPP30 against engorged females of Rhipicephalus microplus; in addition, we evaluated, in semi-field tests, the effects of four isolates of Heterorhabditis spp. (i.e., H. bacteriophora HP88, Heterorhabditis baujardi LPP7, Heterorhabditis indica LPP1 and H. bacteriophora LPP30) in insect cadaver formulation against the non-parasitic phase of R. microplus. In the first experiment (in vitro), engorged females were exposed, in Petri dish, to H. bacteriophora LPP30 at 75, 150, 300, 600, 1200 and 2400 nematodes/tick (10 ticks per concentration tested). In the second experiment (semi-field), five engorged females and four cadavers of Galleria mellonella infected with nematodes were placed in pots with soil and grown Brachiaria decumbens; the pots were hold outdoor, exposed to natural environment conditions during the tests. In the third experiment (semi-field), 65 days after the cadavers had been placed in the pots for the second experiment, new engorged females (five per pot) were placed in the pots of the groups treated with H. bacteriophora HP88 or H. baujardi LPP7, to assess their persistence in the soil. In the first test, the percent control was higher than 95% in all treatment groups. In the second experiment, at day 22, the mean mortality rate was 78% in the groups treated with H. bacteriophora LPP30 or H. indica LPP1, and reached 100% and 98% when treated with H. bacteriophora HP88 and H. baujardi LPP7, respectively. In this experiment, the egg-laying inhibition index was higher than 90% in the groups treated with H. bacteriophora HP88 (97.2%) or H. baujardi LPP7 (91.9%). In the third experiment with H. bacteriophora HP88 and H. baujardi LPP7, the egg-laying inhibition index was 59.1% and 43.1%, respectively. We concluded that the isolate LPP30 was highly virulent under laboratory conditions, whereas in semi-field tests, HP88 and LPP7 were the most effective isolates. Moreover, HP88 and LPP7 remained active against engorged females of R. microplus in the soil for 65 days after application of EPN-infected cadavers of G. mellonella.

Thymol: Effects on reproductive biology and Gene's organ morphology in Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato engorged females (Acari: Ixodidae).

Thymol is a monoterpene with proven acaricidal activity on different tick species and life stages. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of thymol on the reproductive biology of engorged females of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and the morphological changes caused in the cells of the tubular and accessory glands of Gené's organ. The females were exposed to thymol by immersion. Seven groups were established: group I (distilled water), group II (30% ethanol), group III (thymol 1.25 mg/mL), group IV (thymol 2.5 mg/mL), group V (thymol 5.0 mg/mL), group VI (thymol 10.0 mg/mL), and group VII (thymol 20.0 mg/mL), with 20 replicates for each treatment. The ticks were kept in a BOD incubator at 27 ±â€¯1 °C and RH > 80 ±â€¯10%. Ten females from each group were evaluated daily until death, and the remaining ten were kept in the incubator under the same conditions for five days and then dissected for the removal of Gené's organ to note possible damage to cell morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) techniques. Thymol demonstrated 63% and 98% efficacy in groups VI (10.0 mg/mL) and VII (20.0 mg/mL), respectively. In these groups, the cells of the tubular and accessory glands of Gené's organ showed signs of damage: irregular eosin staining, rupture and deformation of the cellular limit, presence of fragmented nuclei, changes in cytoplasmic homogeneity and areas with deformation (folds) in the basal region.

Corneal ectasia and high ametropia in an infant with microcephaly associated with presumed Zika virus congenital infection: new ocular findings.

We report the first case of a corneal ocular ectasia in an infant with Zika virus congenital infection (CZS). We suspect that the ocular embryology and neurotropism of the Zika virus could account for the corneal involvement.

Ultrafast Structural Dynamics along the ß-γ Phase Transition Path in MnAs.

We investigate the orthorhombic distortion and the structural dynamics of epitaxial MnAs layers on GaAs(001) using static and time-resolved x-ray diffraction. Laser-induced intensity oscillations of Bragg reflections allow us to identify the optical phonon associated with orthorhombic distortion and to follow its softening along the path towards an undistorted phase of hexagonal symmetry. The frequency of this mode falls in the THz range, in agreement with recent calculations. Incomplete softening suggests that the ß-γ transformation deviates from a purely second-order displacive transition.

Correction to: Effects of metaperiodate and urea solutions on the serological diagnosis of human sporotrichosis using an indirect ELISA test.

In the article mentioned above an author's name was misspelled. The correct author name reads as follows: Leila Maria Lopes-Bezerra. We apologize for the inconvenience.

Effects of metaperiodate and urea solutions on the serological diagnosis of human sporotrichosis using an indirect ELISA test.

Sporotrichosis is an infection of the skin caused by traumatic inoculation of the fungus Sporothrix schenckii. Definitive diagnosis relies on direct visualization of the fungus or its isolation on culture medium, although both have low sensitivity. Alternatively, the detection of the antibody response offers a more rapid alternative for diagnosis. Although the available immunoassays possess good sensitivity and specificity, cross-reactivity is still a problem. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sodium metaperiodate and 6 M urea solutions on the serological diagnosis of sporotrichosis using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Ninety-six-well plates were sensitized with exoantigens from the yeast phase of S. schenckii. Sera of patients with confirmed sporotrichosis, sera of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis, and sera of individuals with a sporotrichin-negative skin test were tested. Two strategies were used; the first consisted of treating the antigen with sodium metaperiodate solution for different incubation times, and the second consisted of treating the serum with 6 M urea solution for different incubation times. ROC curve analysis revealed that the best discrimination parameters were obtained using 6 M urea solution incubated for 5 min and serum dilution at 1/600. The use of 6 M urea solution improves the performance of the ELISA test in the diagnosis of sporotrichosis.

Synthetic resveratrol-curcumin hybrid derivative inhibits mitosis progression in estrogen positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Curcumin (1) and resveratrol (2) are bioactive natural compounds that display wide pharmacological properties, including antitumor activity. However, their clinical application has been limited due to their low solubility and bioavailability. Nevertheless, independent studies have considered these compounds as interesting prototypes for developing new chemical structures useful for anticancer therapy. Here in, we report the synthesis of novel curcumin-like hydrazide analogues (3a and 3b), and a series of curcumin-resveratrol hybrid compounds (4a-f), and the evaluation of their cytotoxic potential on three tumor cell lines MCF-7 (breast), A549 (lung), and HepG2 (liver). Cell viability was significantly reduced in all tested cell lines when compounds 4c-4e were used. The IC50 values for these compounds on MCF-7 cells were lower than those for curcumin, resveratrol, or curcumin combined with resveratrol. We evidenced that 4c promoted a drastic increase of G2/M population. The accumulation of cells in mitosis onset in treated cultures was due to, at least in part, the ability of 4c to modulate nuclear kinase proteins, which orchestrate important events in mitosis progression. We have also observed significant reduction of the relative RNAm abundance of CCNB1, PLK1, AURKA, AURKB in samples treated with 4c, with concomitant increase of CDKN1A (p21). Thus, compound 4c is a promising multi-target antitumor agent that should be considered for further in vivo studies.

Eyewitnesses memory for faces in actual criminal cases: An archival analysis of positive facial composites / Memória de testemunhas oculares para faces em casos criminais: Uma análise de arquivo de retratos falados positivos / Memoria de testigos oculares para rostros en casos criminales: Un análisis de archivo de retratos hablados positivos

Facial composites are crucial in the criminal justice system. In this archival study, we investigated the assumption that the success of facial composites depends partly on variables related to the crime, which either impairs or facilitates mnemonic processes. When a facial composite is successful in taking an offender to court it is sometimes archived as a positive facial composite, including a photo of the culprit and information about the crime. A total of 88 positive facial composites were investigated. The accuracy of facial composites was tested as a function of five variables related to the crime: type of crime, presence of weapon, retention interval, exposure duration, and disguise. Participants judged the resemblance of the perpetrators' photo with their correspondent facial composite. The results pointed out that only exposure duration was significantly associated with facial composites accuracy. Possible implications and future directions for research using archived facial composites are discussed.

Retratos falados são de extrema importância no sistema de justiça criminal. Neste estudo, nós investigamos a hipótese de que o sucesso de retratos falados depende parcialmente de variáveis relacionadas ao crime, que podem tanto facilitar quanto dificultar processos mnemónicos na elaboração de retratos falados. Quando um retrato falado obtém sucesso em levar um infrator à corte ele é comumente arquivado como um retrato falado positivo, incluindo uma foto do culpado e informações sobre o crime. Um total de 88 retratos falados positivos foram investigados. A acurácia de cada retrato falado foi testada de acordo com cinco variáveis relacionadas ao crime: tipo de crime, presença de arma, intervalo de retenção, tempo de exposição e disfarce. Participantes avaliaram a semelhança entre a foto do culpado e seu respectivo retrato falado. Os resultados apontaram que somente o tempo de exposição foi associado com a acurácia dos retratos falados. Possíveis aplicações e futuras pesquisas usando retratos falados reais são discutidos.

Retratos hablados son de suma importancia en el sistema de justicia criminal. En este estudio, se investigó la hipótesis de que el éxito de los retratos hablados depende en parte de las variables relacionadas con el delito, que pueden facilitar o dificultar los procesos mnemotécnicos en el desarrollo de los retratos hablados. Cuando un retrato hablado tiene éxito en llevar un transgresor a la justicia este es archivado como un retrato hablado positivo, incluyendo una foto del culpable y la información sobre el crimen. Se estudió un total de 88 retratos hablados positivos. La precisión de cada imagen se puso a prueba en función de cinco variables relacionadas con el crimen: tipo de delito, la presencia de armas, intervalo de retención, tiempo de exposición y el encubrimiento. Participantes evaluaron la similitud entre la imagen del culpable y su respectivo retrato hablado. Los resultados mostraron que sólo el tiempo de exposición se asoció con la precisión de retratos hablados. Se discuten las posibles aplicaciones y futuras investigaciones utilizando retratos hablados reales.

Avaliação da função de sensibilidade ao contraste em diferentes faixas etárias nas médias e altas frequências espaciais / Contrast sensitivity assessment in different age group in medium and high spatial frequency

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a sensibilidade ao contraste nas faixas etárias de 20 a 25, 40 a 45 e acima de 60 anos de idade. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal com indivíduos de diferentes idades, com acuidade visual superior a 20/25, sem doença ocular e sem cirurgia oftalmológica prévia. A acuidade visual foi medida pelo teste de Snellen e, a sensibilidade ao contraste, pelo aparelho OPTEC 3500P(r). A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste de Wilcoxon, considerando um intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: Em relação aos pacientes de 20 a 25 anos, os de 40 a 45 anos não apresentaram diminuição significativa da sensibilidade ao contraste em nenhuma das frequências espaciais avaliadas. Comparando os pacientes acima de 60 anos aos de 40 a 45 anos, houve diminuição da sensibilidade ao contraste nas frequências de 6,0 a 18,0 cpg no modo diurno e de 3,0 a 18,0 cpg no noturno. Já quando comparados aos de 20 a 25 anos, os pacientes maiores de 60 anos mostraram diminuição nas frequências de 3,0 a 18 cpg no modo diurno e em todas as frequências no modo noturno. Conclusão: A função de sensibilidade ao contraste parece diminuir com a idade, após os 45 anos, principalmente nas médias e altas frequências espaciais. Isso pode impactar na leitura, na direção e na mobilidade, dentre outras atividades diárias.

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare contrast sensitivity in different age groups: 20 to 25, 40 to 45 and above 60 years old. Methods: We performed a cross sectional study with individuals of different ages, with visual acuity better than 20/25, without eye disease and without prior eye surgery. Visual acuity was measured by Snellen test and contrast sensitivity was evaluated by OPTEC 3500P(r) equipment. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon test, considering a 95% confidence interval. Results: Compared to patients between 20 and 25 years old, patients between 40 and 45 years old did not presented decreased contrast sensitivity in any of evaluated frequencies. When compared to patients between 40 and 45 years old, patients over 60 years old presented decrease in contrast sensitivity at frequencies of 6,0 to 12,0 cpg in diurnal mode and 3,0 to 18,0 cpg in nocturnal mode. But when compared to patients between 20 and 25 years, patients older than 60 years old showed contrast sensitivity decreased in the frequencies of 3,0 to 18 cpg in diurnal mode and at all frequencies in nocturnal mode. Conclusion: Contrast sensitivity seems to decrease with age, after 45 years old, especially in middle and high spatial frequencies. This condition may affect reading, direction and mobility, as well as other daily activities.

Distrofia policromática posterior da córnea / Posterior polychromatic corneal dystrophy

Os autores descrevem dois casos de distrofia policromática posterior da córnea, uma distrofia pré-Descemet, pouco descrita nas literaturas nacional e mundial, em que se observam pontos policromáticos difusos no estroma posterior da córnea, sem aparente comprometimento da visão.

The authors describe two cases of posterior polychromatic corneal dystrophy, a pre-Descemet dystrophy, poorly described in national and world literatures, characterized by diffuse polychromatic points on the posterior corneal stroma, without visual impairment.