Staphylectomy in nonbrachycephalic dogs: A retrospective study of 27 cases.

Objective: To report the outcomes and complications associated with staphylectomy in nonbrachycephalic dogs. Animal: Twenty-seven nonbrachycephalic dogs with elongated soft palates and undergoing staphylectomy. Procedure: Retrospective study. Results: Increased upper airway noise (70.4%) and dyspnea (44.4%) were the most common presenting clinical signs. Concurrent upper airway abnormalities found in the study population included laryngeal collapse (25.9%) and laryngeal paralysis (14.8%). The most common staphylectomy technique used in this study was sharp excision (66.7%) with sutured oral and nasal mucosal apposition. The dogs in this study had an overall minor postoperative complication rate of 33.3%, with regurgitation/vomiting (11.1%) and coughing (11.1%) occurring most commonly. No dog required supplemental oxygen therapy or temporary tracheostomy. Conclusion: Staphylectomy was well-tolerated in nonbrachycephalic dogs and was associated with a relatively low rate of complications. Concurrent airway abnormalities were common among nonbrachycephalic dogs with elongated soft palates, similar to brachycephalic dogs. Clinical relevance: Clinicians should be aware that elongated soft palate can occur in nonbrachycephalic dogs, and surgical correction can be achieved with rare major or catastrophic complications.

Staphylectomie chez des chiens non-brachycéphales : une étude rétrospective de 27 cas. Objectif: Rapporter les résultats et les complications associés à la staphylectomie chez des chiens non-brachycéphales. Animal: Vingt-sept chiens non-brachycéphales au palais mou allongé et subissant une staphylectomie. Procédure: Étude rétrospective. Résultats: L'augmentation du bruit des voies respiratoires supérieures (70,4 %) et la dyspnée (44,4 %) étaient les signes cliniques les plus fréquents. Les anomalies concomitantes des voies respiratoires supérieures trouvées dans la population étudiée comprenaient un collapsus laryngé (25,9 %) et une paralysie laryngée (14,8 %). La technique de staphylectomie la plus couramment utilisée dans cette étude était l'exérèse fine (66,7 %) avec apposition suturée des muqueuses buccale et nasale. Les chiens de cette étude présentaient un taux global de complications postopératoires mineures de 33,3 %, les régurgitations/vomissements (11,1 %) et la toux (11,1 %) étant les plus fréquents. Aucun chien n'a eu besoin d'une oxygénothérapie supplémentaire ou d'une trachéotomie temporaire. Conclusion: La staphylectomie a été bien tolérée chez les chiens non-brachycéphales et a été associée à un taux relativement faible de complications. Les anomalies concomitantes des voies respiratoires étaient courantes chez les chiens nonbrachycéphales avec des palais mous allongés, semblables aux chiens brachycéphales. Pertinence clinique: Les cliniciens doivent être conscients qu'un palais mou allongé peut survenir chez les chiens non-brachycéphales et qu'une correction chirurgicale peut être obtenue avec de rares complications majeures ou catastrophiques.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).

Outcomes and clinical features associated with surgically excised canine salivary gland carcinoma: A multi-institutional, retrospective, Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology study.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical features, prognostic factors, and outcomes in dogs with surgically treated salivary gland carcinoma. STUDY DESIGN: Multi-institutional retrospective case series. ANIMALS: Seventy-two client-owned dogs from 16 institutions with surgically excised salivary gland carcinoma. METHODS: Medical records of dogs undergoing sialoadenectomy from January 1, 2000 to January 1, 2020 were reviewed for signalment, clinical signs, preoperative staging results, preoperative mass evaluation, complications, histopathologic diagnosis, local recurrence, metastatic disease, and survival times. Survival functions were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Factors related to survival were individually tested using the log-rank test. RESULTS: The overall median survival time (MST) associated with salivary carcinoma was 1886 days. Local recurrence occurred in 29/69 (42%) dogs with an overall disease-free interval (DFI) of 191 days. Metastatic disease occurred in 22/69 (31.9%) dogs, with an overall DFI of 299 days. Lymph node metastasis was present at the time of surgery in 11/38 (28.9%) dogs in which lymphadenectomy was performed at the time of surgery; these dogs had a shorter DFI at 98 days (P = .03) and MST at 248 days (P < .001). CONCLUSION: The prognosis for dogs with salivary gland carcinoma treated surgically was more favorable than previously reported. Nodal metastasis was a negative prognostic factor for canine salivary gland carcinoma. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Surgical intervention should be considered for dogs with salivary carcinoma.

Influence of stapler type on in vitro leakage pressures and location of functional end-to-end stapled anastomoses.

The objective of this study was to compare maximal leakage pressures and locations of 2 functional end-to-end stapled anastomosis (FEESA) constructs. Grossly normal jejunum was harvested from 4 large breed dogs. Thirty-two 8-cm segments of bowel were used to construct 16 FEESA. Construct type was divided into 2 groups: traditional FEESA (tFEESA) and modified FEESA (mFEESA). Leakage pressures and locations were recorded and compared for the 2 groups. There was no difference in the leakage pressures of the tFEESA and the mFEESA. However, 1 tFEESA did leak at subphysiologic intestinal peristaltic pressures. Although no difference in maximal leakage pressure was detected between the 2 constructs, mFEESA is an attractive alternative to tFEESA, as it requires less equipment and none of the mFEESA constructs leaked at subphysiologic pressures.

L'objectif de cette étude était de comparer les pressions de fuite maximales et les emplacements de deux assemblages fonctionnels d'anastomose agrafée bout à bout (FEESA). Du jéjunum macroscopiquement normal a été prélevé sur quatre chiens de grande race. Trente-deux segments de 8 cm d'intestin ont été utilisés pour produire 16 FEESA. Le type d'assemblage a été divisé en deux groupes : FEESA traditionnel (tFEESA) et FEESA modifié (mFEESA). Les pressions et emplacements des fuites ont été enregistrés et comparés pour les deux groupes. Il n'y avait aucune différence dans les pressions de fuite du tFEESA et du mFEESA. Cependant, un tFEESA a fui à des pressions péristaltiques intestinales sous-physiologiques. Bien qu'aucune différence de pression de fuite maximale n'ait été détectée entre les deux types d'assemblage, mFEESA est une alternative attrayante à tFEESA, car elle nécessite moins d'équipement et aucun des assemblages mFEESA n'a fui à des pressions sous-physiologiques.(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).

Sentinel lymph node detection differs when comparing lymphoscintigraphy to lymphography using water soluble iodinated contrast medium and digital radiography in dogs.

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping by various means has become standard of care in certain types of human cancers and is receiving more attention in veterinary oncology. Current SLN mapping techniques can be costly and often require advanced imaging equipment. The objective of this prospective, method comparison study was to compare an SLN mapping protocol of lymphoscintigraphy to lymphography using water soluble iodinated contrast medium (WIC) and digital radiography for identification of an SLN. Lymphoscintigraphy and lymphography were performed on eight healthy purpose-bred dogs using technetium-99m sulfur colloid and WIC injected into the subcutaneous tissues in a four-quadrant technique around a predefined area of skin on the brachium. Images were obtained using a gamma camera and digital radiography at different time points post-injection. Image sequences were evaluated by one of two American College of Veterinary Radiology board-certified veterinary radiologists. Data obtained were compared between methods using descriptive statistics. An SLN was identified in all dogs with lymphoscintigraphy and seven of eight dogs with lymphography. Agreement between results of the lymphoscintigraphy and lymphography studies was a complete match in three dogs, a partial match in four dogs, and no match in one dog. The SLN detected differed based on the imaging modality used.

The effect of surgery on lymphoscintigraphy drainage patterns from the canine brachium in a simulated tumor model.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of surgery on lymphoscintigraphy drainage patterns from the canine brachium. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. ANIMALS: Eight healthy research beagles. METHODS: A predefined area of skin measuring 2 × 1.5 cm in dimension was designated on either the right or left brachium. Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy was performed with technetium sulfur colloid injected into the subcutaneous tissues around the predefined anatomic location in a four-quadrant technique. Dogs underwent surgery for excision of the predefined area of skin, subcutis, and fascia of the lateral head of the triceps muscle with 1-cm margins. Eighteen days after surgery, lymphoscintigraphy was again performed with technetium sulfur colloid injected into the subcutaneous tissues around the surgical scar in a four-quadrant technique. RESULTS: Sentinel lymph nodes were identified in eight of eight dogs preoperatively and in eight of eight dogs postoperatively. Agreement between the results of the preoperative and postoperative lymphoscintigraphy studies was identified as complete in four of eight dogs and partial in four of eight dogs. Sentinel lymph node identification occurred immediately in three of eight dogs preoperatively and in eight of eight dogs postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Sentinel lymph node identification occurred faster postoperatively. Agreement or partial agreement between the results of the preoperative and postoperative lymphoscintigraphy studies was observed in eight of eight dogs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Surgery appears to have an effect on lymphoscintigraphy drainage patterns. Additional studies are required to compare preoperative and postoperative sentinel lymph node mapping patterns in tumor-bearing dogs. However, this study provides preliminary information regarding the effect of surgery on sentinel lymph node identification.