Characterisation of ChE in Solea solea and exposure of isoflavones in juveniles of commercial flatfish (Solea solea and Solea senegalensis).

The isoflavones genistein and daidzein are flavonoid compounds mainly found in legumes, especially in soybeans and their derived products. These flavonoids can be present in agricultural, domestic and industrial wastewater effluents as a result of anthropogenic activities and may be discharged in the environment. Due to the large growth of the aquaculture sector in recent decades, new and cost-effective fish feeds are being sought, but there is also a particular need to determine the effects of exposed flavonoids on fish in the aquatic environment, as this is the main route of exposure of organisms to endocrine disruptors. This study evaluated the possible effects of these isoflavones on juveniles of Solea senegalensis and Solea solea. After 48-96 h of exposure, the acetylcholinesterase activity in the sole head tissues was measured, and the cholinesterase activity in juveniles of common sole (S. solea) was determined. Experiments were carried out to determine the optimal pH, investigate the specificity of three substrates (acetylthiocholine, butyrylthiocholine, propionylthiocholine) on cholinesterase activity and determine the kinetic parameters (Vmax and Km ). The results obtained showed that neither genistein nor daidzein exposure to S. senegalensis and S. solea inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase at the tested concentrations (genistein: 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg/L; daidzein: 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/L).

Involvement of primary mesenchymal precursors and hematopoietic bone marrow cells from chronic myeloid leukemia patients by BCR-ABL1 fusion gene.

For decades now, it is well established that chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell(HPC) disorder. However, it remains to be determined whether BCR-ABL1 gene rearrangement occurs in a HPC or at an earlier stem cell and whether the degree of involvement of hematopoiesis by the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene relates to the response to therapy. Here, we have investigated by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) the distribution of BCR-ABL1 fusion gene in FACS-sorted bone marrow (BM) populations of mesenchymal precursor cells (MPC) and other hematopoietic cell populations from 18 newly diagnosed CML patients. Overall, our results showed systematic involvement at relatively high percentages of BM maturing neutrophils (97%615%), basophils (95%612%), eosinophils (90%68%), CD341 precursors cells (90%67%),monocytes (84%630%), nucleated red blood cells (87%624%), and mast cells (77%633%). By contrast, MPC(30%634%), B-cells (15%627%), T-lymphocytes (50%626%), and NK-cells (35%634%) were involved at lower percentages. In 8/18 CML patients, 2 tumor BCR-ABL11 subclones were detected by iFISH. Of note, all tumor cell subclones were systematically detected in CD341 cells, whereas MPC were only involved by the ancestral tumor cell subclone. In summary, here we confirm the presence at diagnosis of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene inMPC, CD341 precursors, and other different BM hematopoietic myeloid cell lineages from CML patients,including also in a significant fraction of cases, a smaller percentage of T, B, and NK lymphocytes.Interestingly, involvement of MPC was restricted to the ancestral BCR-ABL11 subclone.

Sobrevivencia de microorganismos probióticos en helado batido Lactobacillus acidophilus Y Bifidobacterium lactis en helado batido / Survival of probiotic microorganisms Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis in whipped ice cream

Se determinó el comportamiento de cepas de Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12 y Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, Chr-Hansen, durante la elaboración y almacenamiento de un helado batido. Además se estudió el efecto de la adición de estos microorganismos en el sabor y el costo del helado. Se inocularon de 2 x 107 a 6 x 107 UFC/g de cada uno de los microorganismos probióticos inmediatamente antes de la operación de batido-congelado (de un proceso estándar). Posteriormente la mezcla fue batida hasta 80-90 por ciento de aireamiento, empacada en recipientes de 70 g, congelada entre -30 ºC y -25 ºC y almacenada a esa temperatura por un periodo de 85 días. Se realizó el recuento de B. lactis BB-12 y L. acidophilus LA-5, después del batido-congelación, así como del endurecimiento y almacenamiento del helado en los días 1, 14, 28, 42 y 85 a partir del primer día de congelado. Se determinaron disminuciones poblacionales significativas (p<0,05) para el L. acidophilus LA-5 durante el batido-congelado y para ambos microorganismos durante las etapas de elaboración (batido-congelado y endurecimiento conjuntamente) y almacenamiento del helado batido. La vida útil funcional (población de microorganismos no menor a 106 UFC/g) del helado, se estableció mediante un análisis de regresión lineal simple, en 90 días. La adición de los microorganismos probióticos B. lactis BB-12 y L. acidophilus LA-5 no produjo un cambio significativo (p>0,05) en el sabor del helado, pero si un cambio importante en los costos variables del producto, con un aumento del 28 por ciento. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, el helado batido adicionado con B. lactis BB-12 y L. acidophilus LA-5 resulta ser un buen vehículo para la introducción de microorganismos probióticos en la dieta del costarricense.

Short-term effect of miglustat in every day clinical use in treatment-naïve or previously treated patients with type 1 Gaucher's disease.

In a prospective, open-label study, 25 patients with mild-to-moderate type 1 Gaucher's disease (GD1) were treated with miglustat (Zavesca), an oral glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor, over 12 months. Of the 25 patients, 10 were therapy-naïve and 15 had previously received enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Clinical status, blood parameters, biomarkers, and organomegaly were assessed at baseline at 6 months and at 12 months. At 6 months the previously untreated patients showed a mean increase in hemoglobin of 0.77 g/dL, platelet counts improved or remaining stable, chitotriosidase and CCL18 decreased. These results were similar to those observed in 40 Spanish GD1 patients on ERT. Bone marrow infiltration cleared at 12 months. In the previously treated group, clinical and hematologic parameters and biomarkers were maintained/ improved at 12 months. Miglustat was well tolerated. The efficacy of miglustat treatment after 6 months was comparable to that of ERT.