Orthopedic Injuries in Beach Tennis Players in Brazil.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological data of orthopedic injuries in beach tennis players. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study, through a questionnaire, with 185 beach tennis players during tournaments and training sessions in two cities. The questionnaire comprised anthropometric data, as well as data on length of time practicing the sport and reported orthopedic injuries. Results We excluded 25 of the 185 interviewees. Of the 160 players studied, 51.9% were male and 48.1%, female. The average age was of 40.4 years, the average height was of 1.73 m, the average weight was of 75.6 kg, and the average body mass index (BMI) was of 25.2 kg/m 2 . Orthopedic injuries were reported by 48.8% of the participants, 30.0% in the lower limbs, 11.3% in the spine, and 25.0% in the upper limbs, with an incidence of 0.82 per one thousand hours of practice. Correlating the incidence of injuries with age, weight, height, and BMI, we only found relevance between the higher average age in patients with lower- and upper-limb injuries. Players who had no previous experience with other racket sports had fewer injuries. Other parameters, such as gender, use of the two-handed backhand , dominant side, participation in competitions, and practice of other sports did not show statistically significant differences. Conclusion Orthopedic injuries were found in almost half of the beach tennis players, primarily in the lower limbs. Age, experience with other racket sports, category, hours of training per week, and length of time playing the sport influenced the incidence of orthopedic injuries.

Uncovering multiscale structure in the variability of larval zebrafish navigation.

Animals chain movements into long-lived motor strategies, exhibiting variability across scales that reflects the interplay between internal states and environmental cues. To reveal structure in such variability, we build Markov models of movement sequences that bridges across time scales and enables a quantitative comparison of behavioral phenotypes among individuals. Applied to larval zebrafish responding to diverse sensory cues, we uncover a hierarchy of long-lived motor strategies, dominated by changes in orientation distinguishing cruising versus wandering strategies. Environmental cues induce preferences along these modes at the population level: while fish cruise in the light, they wander in response to aversive stimuli, or in search for appetitive prey. As our method encodes the behavioral dynamics of each individual fish in the transitions among coarse-grained motor strategies, we use it to uncover a hierarchical structure in the phenotypic variability that reflects exploration-exploitation trade-offs. Across a wide range of sensory cues, a major source of variation among fish is driven by prior and/or immediate exposure to prey that induces exploitation phenotypes. A large degree of variability that is not explained by environmental cues unravels motivational states that override the sensory context to induce contrasting exploration-exploitation phenotypes. Altogether, by extracting the timescales of motor strategies deployed during navigation, our approach exposes structure among individuals and reveals internal states tuned by prior experience.

Reconstruction of congenital pseudarthrosis of the radius with a vascularized tibial periosteal transplant: A case report.

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the forearm poses a considerable challenge because of its rarity. The objective of this report is to introduce a novel surgical technique for its treatment. Here, we document a case of congenital pseudarthrosis of the radius in a 3-year-old boy diagnosed with type-1 neurofibromatosis. The surgical treatment involved the excision of approximately 9 cm of native radial periosteum and a bifocal radius osteotomy, which was supplemented with a vascularized tibial periosteal transplant to facilitate bone healing. Anastomosis between the anterior tibial vessels and radial vessels was performed. No immediate or late postoperative complications were observed. After 3 weeks, a robust callus formation was observed, and during a follow-up examination 3 years and 4 months later, a wide range of active forearm rotation was noted. This report suggests that vascularized periosteal flaps show promise as a viable treatment option for congenital pseudarthrosis of the forearm. They offer an alternative to vascularized fibular grafts or single-bone forearm constructs.

WHAT IS THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ACUTE HAND INFECTIONS AT A HOSPITAL IN SAO PAULO?

Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of patients treated at a philanthropic hospital specialized in Orthopedics and Traumatology, located in a significant urban center, and evaluate the efficacy of initial empirical antibiotic treatment. Methods: Patients diagnosed with hand infections from September 2020 to September 2022 were included, excluding cases related to open fractures or post-surgical infections and those with incomplete medical records. The chi-square test was performed using STATISTICA ® software to correlate various variables. Results: A total of 34 patients participated, including 24 men and 10 women, with an average age of 41.9 years. Most male patients had Diabetes Mellitus, HIV, and drug addiction, and they resided in urban areas. Half of the patients did not report any apparent trauma. The most common infectious agent was Staphylococcus aureus*. Nearly 62% of patients required a change in the initial antibiotic regimen, with Penicillin being the most frequently substituted medication. Beta-lactam antibiotics and Quinolones were the most effective. Conclusion: These results suggest the importance of carefully evaluating the epidemiological profile of patients with acute hand infections and improving initial empirical treatment to ensure appropriate and effective therapy. Level of Evidence IV, Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes atendidos em um hospital filantrópico referência em Ortopedia e Traumatologia localizado em um centro urbano importante, e avaliar a eficácia do tratamento antibiótico empírico inicial. Métodos: Foram incluídos pacientes com diagnóstico de infecção na mão, atendidos no período de setembro de 2020 a setembro de 2022, excluindo-se casos relacionados a fraturas expostas ou pós-cirúrgicas e aqueles com prontuários incompletos. Realizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado, utilizando o software STATISTICA ® para correlacionar diversas variáveis. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 34 pacientes, sendo 24 homens e 10 mulheres, com média de idade de 41,9 anos. A maioria era de homens, com alta incidência de diabetes mellitus, HIV e drogadição, que residiam em áreas livres. Metade não relatou trauma evidente. O agente infeccioso mais comum foi o Staphylococcus aureus. Aproximadamente 62% dos pacientes precisaram de troca do esquema inicial de antibióticos, sendo a penicilina o medicamento mais frequentemente substituído. Os antibióticos beta-lactâmicos e quinolonas foram os mais eficientes. Conclusão: Esses resultados sugerem a importância de avaliar cuidadosamente o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com infecções agudas na mão e aprimorar o tratamento empírico inicial para garantir uma terapia adequada e eficaz. Nível de Evidência IV, Estudo Observacional Transversal.

Uncovering multiscale structure in the variability of larval zebrafish navigation.

Animals chain movements into long-lived motor strategies, resulting in variability that ultimately reflects the interplay between internal states and environmental cues. To reveal structure in such variability, we build models that bridges across time scales that enable a quantitative comparison of behavioral phenotypes among individuals. Applied to larval zebrafish exposed to diverse sensory cues, we uncover a hierarchy of long-lived motor strategies, dominated by changes in orientation distinguishing cruising and wandering strategies. Environmental cues induce preferences along these modes at the population level: while fish cruise in the light, they wander in response to aversive (dark) stimuli or in search for prey. Our method enables us to encode the behavioral dynamics of each individual fish in the transitions among coarse-grained motor strategies. By doing so, we uncover a hierarchical structure to the phenotypic variability that corresponds to exploration-exploitation trade-offs. Within a wide range of sensory cues, a major source of variation among fish is driven by prior and immediate exposure to prey that induces exploitation phenotypes. However, a large degree of variability is unexplained by environmental cues, pointing to hidden states that override the sensory context to induce contrasting exploration-exploitation phenotypes. Altogether, our approach extracts the timescales of motor strategies deployed during navigation, exposing undiscovered structure among individuals and pointing to internal states tuned by prior experience.

Study of the degradation in an ultisol of alginate-chitosan complex and its stability and applicability as a soil conditioner.

The present work describes the process of degradation of a polyelectrolytic complex (PEC) based on sodium alginate (ALG) and chitosan (CHI), buried for different time intervals, in a clayey soil (ultisol) collected from the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, in the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The influence of PEC on soil moisture was also investigated. The results showed that soil moisture increased with the presence of PEC after 7 days of testing, and remained high until the end of the study. FTIR and Raman spectra showed that the breaking of the glycosidic bond (C-O-C) was responsible for the PEC degradation. Thermogravimetry results revealed that alginate was possibly degraded faster than chitosan. Microscopic analysis of the PEC revealed a fragile and fragmented surface of the samples that were buried, in comparison with those not buried. The microbiological assays of the soil confirmed the biodegradation of the polysaccharides. Chemical analysis of soil indicated that PEC did not significantly influence soil fertility. Therefore, we conclude that the PEC (ALG: CHI), formed only by electrostatic interaction, buried in clayey soil, even being biodegraded, can be a promising soil conditioner for agricultural applications.

What is the epidemiological profile of acute hand infections at a hospital in sao paulo? / Qual o perfil epidemiológico de infecções agudas na mão num hospital filantrópico de são paulo?

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of patients treated at a philanthropic hospital specialized in Orthopedics and Traumatology, located in a significant urban center, and evaluate the efficacy of initial empirical antibiotic treatment. Methods: Patients diagnosed with hand infections from September 2020 to September 2022 were included, excluding cases related to open fractures or post-surgical infections and those with incomplete medical records. The chi-square test was performed using STATISTICA ® software to correlate various variables. Results: A total of 34 patients participated, including 24 men and 10 women, with an average age of 41.9 years. Most male patients had Diabetes Mellitus, HIV, and drug addiction, and they resided in urban areas. Half of the patients did not report any apparent trauma. The most common infectious agent was Staphylococcus aureus*. Nearly 62% of patients required a change in the initial antibiotic regimen, with Penicillin being the most frequently substituted medication. Beta-lactam antibiotics and Quinolones were the most effective. Conclusion: These results suggest the importance of carefully evaluating the epidemiological profile of patients with acute hand infections and improving initial empirical treatment to ensure appropriate and effective therapy. Level of Evidence IV, Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes atendidos em um hospital filantrópico referência em Ortopedia e Traumatologia localizado em um centro urbano importante, e avaliar a eficácia do tratamento antibiótico empírico inicial. Métodos: Foram incluídos pacientes com diagnóstico de infecção na mão, atendidos no período de setembro de 2020 a setembro de 2022, excluindo-se casos relacionados a fraturas expostas ou pós-cirúrgicas e aqueles com prontuários incompletos. Realizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado, utilizando o software STATISTICA ® para correlacionar diversas variáveis. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 34 pacientes, sendo 24 homens e 10 mulheres, com média de idade de 41,9 anos. A maioria era de homens, com alta incidência de diabetes mellitus, HIV e drogadição, que residiam em áreas livres. Metade não relatou trauma evidente. O agente infeccioso mais comum foi o Staphylococcus aureus. Aproximadamente 62% dos pacientes precisaram de troca do esquema inicial de antibióticos, sendo a penicilina o medicamento mais frequentemente substituído. Os antibióticos beta-lactâmicos e quinolonas foram os mais eficientes. Conclusão: Esses resultados sugerem a importância de avaliar cuidadosamente o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com infecções agudas na mão e aprimorar o tratamento empírico inicial para garantir uma terapia adequada e eficaz. Nível de Evidência IV, Estudo Observacional Transversal.

Diagnostic Contradictions in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Objective Given the divergence of opinions on the need for complementary tests such as ultrasonography (US) and electroneuromyography (ENMG) for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), we aimed to elucidate which of them presents greater accuracy for the confirmation of the presence or not of this condition. Methods A total of 175 patients from a hand surgery outpatient clinic were clinically evaluated, and the results of clinical trials (Tinel, Phalen and Durkan), US (normal or altered), and ENMG (normal, mild, moderate and severe) were noted, crossed, and submitted to a statistical analysis to verify the agreement between them. Results with the sample had a mean age of 53 years, with a prevalence of female patients (159 cases). Of the patients with positive clinical test, 43.7% had normal US and 41.7% had no alterations on the ENMG. Negative results were found on the Tinel in 46.9%, on the Phalen in 47.4%, and on the Durkan in 39.7%. In the crossing between the results of the ENMG and those of the other diagnostic methods, there was little statistical agreement between them. Conclusion There was no agreement between the results of the clinical examinations, the US and the ENMG in the diagnosis of CTS, and there is no clinical or complementary examination for CTS that accurately determines the therapeutic approach. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.

Basin-wide variation in tree hydraulic safety margins predicts the carbon balance of Amazon forests.

Tropical forests face increasing climate risk1,2, yet our ability to predict their response to climate change is limited by poor understanding of their resistance to water stress. Although xylem embolism resistance thresholds (for example, [Formula: see text]50) and hydraulic safety margins (for example, HSM50) are important predictors of drought-induced mortality risk3-5, little is known about how these vary across Earth's largest tropical forest. Here, we present a pan-Amazon, fully standardized hydraulic traits dataset and use it to assess regional variation in drought sensitivity and hydraulic trait ability to predict species distributions and long-term forest biomass accumulation. Parameters [Formula: see text]50 and HSM50 vary markedly across the Amazon and are related to average long-term rainfall characteristics. Both [Formula: see text]50 and HSM50 influence the biogeographical distribution of Amazon tree species. However, HSM50 was the only significant predictor of observed decadal-scale changes in forest biomass. Old-growth forests with wide HSM50 are gaining more biomass than are low HSM50 forests. We propose that this may be associated with a growth-mortality trade-off whereby trees in forests consisting of fast-growing species take greater hydraulic risks and face greater mortality risk. Moreover, in regions of more pronounced climatic change, we find evidence that forests are losing biomass, suggesting that species in these regions may be operating beyond their hydraulic limits. Continued climate change is likely to further reduce HSM50 in the Amazon6,7, with strong implications for the Amazon carbon sink.

Diagnostic Contradictions in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome / Contradições diagnósticas na síndrome do túnel do carpo

Abstract Objective Given the divergence of opinions on the need for complementary tests such as ultrasonography (US) and electroneuromyography (ENMG) for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), we aimed to elucidate which of them presents greater accuracy for the confirmation of the presence or not of this condition. Methods A total of 175 patients from a hand surgery outpatient clinic were clinically evaluated, and the results of clinical trials (Tinel, Phalen and Durkan), US (normal or altered), and ENMG (normal, mild, moderate and severe) were noted, crossed, and submitted to a statistical analysis to verify the agreement between them. Results with the sample had a mean age of 53 years, with a prevalence of female patients (159 cases). Of the patients with positive clinical test, 43.7% had normal US and 41.7% had no alterations on the ENMG. Negative results were found on the Tinel in 46.9%, on the Phalen in 47.4%, and on the Durkan in 39.7%. In the crossing between the results of the ENMG and those of the other diagnostic methods, there was little statistical agreement between them. Conclusion There was no agreement between the results of the clinical examinations, the US and the ENMG in the diagnosis of CTS, and there is no clinical or complementary examination for CTS that accurately determines the therapeutic approach. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.

Resumo Objetivo Diante da divergência sobre a necessidade de exames complementares, como ultrassonografia (US) e eletroneuromiografia (ENMG) para o diagnóstico da síndrome do túnel do carpo (STC), objetivamos elucidar qual deles apresenta maior precisão na confirmação da presença ou não desta afecção. Métodos Um total de 175 pacientes de um ambulatório de cirurgia da mão foram avaliados clinicamente, e os resultados dos testes clínicos (Tinel, Phalen e Durkan), da US (normal ou alterada) e da ENMG (normal, leve, moderada e grave) foram anotados, cruzados, e submetidos a análise estatística para verificar a concordância entre eles. Resultados A idade média da amostra era de 53 anos, sendo prevalente o sexo feminino (159 casos). Dos pacientes com teste clínico positivo, 43,7% apresentavam US normal, e 41,7%, ENMG sem alterações. Foram encontrados resultados negativos no Tinel em 46,9% no Phalen em 47,4%, e no Durkan em 39,7%. No cruzamento entre a ENMG e os demais métodos diagnósticos, houve pouca concordância estatística. Conclusão Não houve concordância entre os resultados dos exames clínicos, da US e da ENMG no diagnóstico da STC, e não há exame clínico ou complementar para STC que determine a conduta terapêutica com precisão. Nível de Evidência IV, Série de Casos.

Ferrihydrite synthesis in the presence of amino acids and artificial seawater.

Ferrihydrite is widespread in clays, soils, and living organisms and was found on Mars. This iron-mineral could be found on the prebiotic Earth, which also contained simple monomeric amino acids. For prebiotic chemistry, it is important to understand how amino acids have an effect on the process of iron oxide formations. There are three important results in this work: (a) preconcentration of cysteine and aspartic acid, (b) formation of cystine and probably the cysteine peptide occurred during ferrihydrite syntheses, and (c) amino acids have an effect on iron oxide synthesis. For samples containing aspartic acid and cysteine, their presence on the surface or mineral structure can be confirmed by FT-IR spectra. Surface charge analysis showed a relatively high decrease for samples synthesized with cysteine. Scanning electron microscopy did not show marked morphological differences among the samples, except for the seawater sample containing cysteine, which had a lamina-shaped morphology surrounded by circular iron particles, indicating the possible formation of a cysteine structure involving iron oxide particles. The thermogravimetric analysis of the samples indicates that the presence of salts and amino acids in the synthesis of ferrihydrite has an effect on the thermal behavior of the iron oxide/amino acids and modifying the water-loss temperature. The heating of the cysteine samples, synthesized in distilled water and artificial seawater, showed several peaks of degradation of cysteine. In addition, heating of the aspartic acid samples produced the polymerization of this amino acid and peaks of degradation of it. FTIR spectra and XRD patterns did not indicate the precipitation of methionine, 2-aminoisobutyric acid, lysine, or glycine with the iron oxide formations. However, the heating of the glycine, methionine and lysine samples, synthesized in artificial seawater, showed peaks that could be attributed to the degradation of them. Then this could be an indication that these amino acids precipitate with the minerals during the syntheses. Also, the dissolution of these amino acids in artificial seawater prevents the formation of ferrihydrite.

Fluctuating landscapes and heavy tails in animal behavior.

Animal behavior is shaped by a myriad of mechanisms acting on a wide range of scales. This immense variability hampers quantitative reasoning and renders the identification of universal principles elusive. Through data analysis and theory, we here show that slow non-ergodic drives generally give rise to heavy-tailed statistics in behaving animals. We leverage high-resolution recordings of C. elegans locomotion to extract a self-consistent reduced order model for an inferred reaction coordinate, bridging from sub-second chaotic dynamics to long-lived stochastic transitions among metastable states. The slow mode dynamics exhibits heavy-tailed first passage time distributions and correlation functions, and we show that such heavy tails can be explained by dynamics on a time-dependent potential landscape. Inspired by these results, we introduce a generic model in which we separate faster mixing modes that evolve on a quasi-stationary potential, from slower non-ergodic modes that drive the potential landscape, and reflect slowly varying internal states. We show that, even for simple potential landscapes, heavy tails emerge when barrier heights fluctuate slowly and strongly enough. In particular, the distribution of first passage times and the correlation function can asymptote to a power law, with related exponents that depend on the strength and nature of the fluctuations. We support our theoretical findings through direct numerical simulations.

Fluctuating landscapes and heavy tails in animal behavior.

Animal behavior is shaped by a myriad of mechanisms acting on a wide range of scales. This immense variability hampers quantitative reasoning and renders the identification of universal principles elusive. Through data analysis and theory, we here show that slow non-ergodic drives generally give rise to heavy-tailed statistics in behaving animals. We leverage high-resolution recordings of C. elegans locomotion to extract a self-consistent reduced order model for an inferred reaction coordinate, bridging from sub-second chaotic dynamics to long-lived stochastic transitions among metastable states. The slow mode dynamics exhibits heavy-tailed first passage time distributions and correlation functions, and we show that such heavy tails can be explained by dynamics on a time-dependent potential landscape. Inspired by these results, we introduce a generic model in which we separate faster mixing modes that evolve on a quasi-stationary potential, from slower non-ergodic modes that drive the potential landscape, and reflect slowly varying internal states. We show that, even for simple potential landscapes, heavy tails emerge when barrier heights fluctuate slowly and strongly enough. In particular, the distribution of first passage times and the correlation function can asymptote to a power law, with related exponents that depend on the strength and nature of the fluctuations. We support our theoretical findings through direct numerical simulations.

Neuroma-in-continuity: a review of pathophysiology and approach to the affected patient.

A neuroma-in-continuity is a neuroma resulting from a nerve injury in which internal neuronal elements are partially disrupted (with a variable degree of disruption to the endoneurium and perineurium) while the epineurium typically remains intact. The portion of injured axons are misdirected and embedded in connective tissue, which may give rise to local neuroma pain and a distal nerve deficit. The lesion may result from a multitude of injury mechanisms, and clinical presentation is often variable depending on the nerve affected. Clinical, electrodiagnostic, and imaging examinations are helpful in assessing the extent and degree of the lesion. If no clear evidence of recovery is identified within 3-4 months post-injury, the patient may benefit from operative exploration. Surgical management options include neurolysis, neuroma resection, nerve grafting, and nerve transfer, or a combination of modalities. A primary consideration of surgery is the possibility of further downgrading nerve function in the pursuit of more, thereby highlighting the need to carefully weigh the advantages and disadvantages prior to surgical intervention. The objective of this review article is to describe the current understanding of the pathophysiology of neuroma-in-continuity lesions, and to review the approach to the affected patient including clinical evaluation, ancillary testing, and intraoperative assessment and treatment options.

ANATOMICAL STUDY OF VOLAR FACE OF DISTAL RADIUS AND COMPARISON WITH THE SHAPE OF LOCKING VOLAR PLATES.

Objective: To evaluate the volar cortical angle (VCA), the variation in lateral and intermediate columns, the shape and pattern of the watershed line (WL) of the distal radius and its correlation with locking volar plates available. Methods: 27 human cadaveric radial bones of the Department of Morphology and nine locking volar plates of six different companies were analyzed. VCA were measured from lateral and intermediate columns and their corresponding values on plates, as well as comparing the relief of radius and plates. In the WL analysis, we compared the standard format found on the radius and its equivalent on plates and divided into four types: biconvex, convex, ulnar convex and plan. Results: VCA varied between columns of the distal radius extremity. The mean in the lateral column was 153.40 degrees and 146.06 degrees in the intermediate. Four of nine plates showed no variation in volar angulation. From 27 distal radius, 13 showed convex pattern and 12 had biconvex, whereas most plates (seven of the nine analyzed) were biconvex drawing. Conclusion: Radial bone anatomy was variable. The intermediate column was, on average, steeper than lateral column. Synthes®-2 plate presented the closest design to the anatomy of the distal end of the radial bone, followed by Newclip®-2 plate. Level of Evidence II, Anatomic and Descriptive Study.

Objetivos: Avaliar o ângulo palmar cortical (APC) da extremidade distal do rádio, sua variação nas colunas lateral e intermédia, o formato e o padrão da watershed line (WL) e sua correlação com as placas volares bloqueadas disponíveis no mercado. Métodos: Foram analisados 27 ossos rádios do Departamento de Morfologia e nove placas de seis fabricantes diferentes. Medimos os APCs das colunas lateral e intermédia dos rádios e seus correspondentes nas placas, além de compararmos o relevo do terço distal do rádio e das placas. Quanto a WL, comparamos o formato nas peças e seu equivalente nas placas, sendo classificados em quatro tipos: biconvexo, convexo, convexo ulnar e plano. Resultados: O APC variou entre as colunas do rádio, sendo a média da coluna lateral 153,40° e, da intermédia 146,06°. Quatro das nove placas não apresentaram variação na angulação volar. Dos 27 rádios, 13 apresentaram padrão convexo e 12 biconvexo, enquanto a maioria das placas (sete das nove analisadas) tinham desenho biconvexo. Conclusão: A anatomia dos rádios foi variável entre as peças, sendo a coluna intermédia mais inclinada que a coluna lateral. A placa Synthes ® -2 foi a que apresentou relevo mais próximo dos achados anatômicos da extremidade distal do rádio, seguida pela Newclip ® -2. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo Anatômico Descritivo.

Magnetic Resonance as a Method for Diagnosis for Traumatic Lesions by Brachial Plexus Avulsion.

Objective The incidence of traumatic brachial plexus injuries has been increasing considerably in Brazil, mainly due to the increase in the number of motorcycle accidents. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of brachial plexus avulsion lesions, comparing it with the findings of physical and intraoperative examination. Methods A total of 16 patients with brachial plexus injury were prospectively evaluated and treated at the hand surgery outpatient clinic from our service. All patients underwent MRI of the brachial plexus, and the findings were inserted on a table, as well as the physical examination data, and part of the patients had the plexus evaluated intraoperatively. Results In the present study, the accuracy of MRI in the identification of root avulsion was 100%, with 100% sensitivity and specificity when comparing imaging with surgical findings. Conclusion Magnetic resonance imaging showed high sensitivity and specificity, confirmed by intraoperative findings, which allows considering this test as the gold standard in the diagnosis of avulsion in traumatic brachial plexus injuries.