A Novel Bio-Adhesive Based on Chitosan-Polydopamine-Xanthan Gum for Glass, Cardboard and Textile Commodities.

The escalating environmental concerns associated with petroleum-based adhesives have spurred an urgent need for sustainable alternatives. Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, is a promising candidate; however, its limited water resistance hinders broader application. The aim of this study is to develop a new chitosan-based adhesive with improved properties. The polydopamine association with chitosan presents a significant increase in adhesiveness compared to pure chitosan. Polydopamine is synthesized by the enzymatic action of laccase from Trametes versicolor at pH = 4.5, in the absence or presence of chitosan. This pH facilitates chitosan's solubility and the occurrence of catechol in its reduced form (pH < 5.5), thereby increasing the final adhesive properties. To further enhance the adhesive properties, various crosslinking agents were tested. A multi-technique approach was used for the characterization of formulations. The formulation based on 3% chitosan, 50% polydopamine, and 3% xanthan gum showed a spectacular increase in adhesive properties when tested on glass, cardboard and textile. This formulation increased water resistance, maintaining the adhesion of a sample soaked in water for up to 10 h. For cardboard and textile, material rapture occurred, in mechanical tests, prior to adhesive bond failure. Furthermore, all the samples showed antiflame properties, expanding the benefits of their use. Comparison with commercial glues confirms the remarkable adhesive properties of the new formulation.

Bibliometric study and potential applications in the development of starch films with nanocellulose: A perspective from 2019 to 2023.

This study aimed to perform a bibliometric analysis of starch films with nanocellulose, using the Scopus database and VOSviewer and Bibliometrix software. A total of 258 documents were identified between 2019 and 2023, reflecting a growing interest in research, particularly in journals such as the International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Polymers, and Carbohydrate Polymers. The most common terms were "starch" (349 occurrences), "cellulose" (207), and "tensile strength" (175). China (58 articles), Brazil (38), and India (33) led scientific production, with authors like Ilyas (13 articles) and Sapuan (10) at the forefront. Approximately 41.7 % of the studies used corn starch. The analysis revealed that 66 % of the studies investigated films with cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), 32 % with cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and 2 % with bacterial nanocellulose (CB). The majority of studies (94.1 %) used the casting method for film production. Additionally, 35.44 % focused on reinforcing films with nanocellulose, while 7 % developed blends with other biopolymers. About 59.44 % examined the performance of starch films for food packaging, 11.25 % explored practical applications in various foods. Furthermore, 7.94 % incorporated active agents to improve antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, 1.30 % investigated active packaging. Moreover, 2.36 % explored the use of films in materials engineering, and 2.36 % explored biomedical potential. Only 0.40 % evaluated the impact of films on wastewater treatment. The analysis highlights the potential of starch films with nanocellulose, demonstrating their diverse applications and the growing interest in the field.

Rabies virus circulation in a highly diverse bat assemblage from a high-risk area for zoonoses outbreaks in the Brazilian Amazon.

Bats are the second most diverse order of mammals and play a central role in ecosystem dynamics. They are also important reservoirs of potentially zoonotic microorganisms, of which rabies virus is the most lethal among the bat-transmitted zoonotic pathogens. Importantly, recent outbreaks of human rabies have been reported from the Brazilian Amazon. Here we present a survey of bat species and rabies virus (RABV) circulation in a bat assemblage in the Marajó region, northern Brazil. Using data from mist-net captures and bioacoustic sampling, 56 bat species were recorded along the Jacundá River basin over a 10-day expedition in November 2022. For the investigation of RABV, we used the direct fluorescent antibody test (DFAT) and the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT). In total, 159 bat individuals from 22 species were investigated for RABV. Five adults of the common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus, showed RABV-specific antibodies in serum samples. Additionally, we report on local residents with injuries caused by D. rotundus bites and the occurrence of colonies of non-hematophagous bats from different species roosting inside human residences. This scenario raises concerns about the risks of new cases of human rabies and other zoonotic diseases associated with bats in the region and highlights the need for epidemiological surveillance and mitigation measures to prevent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases.

Experiences and strategies of people with sickle cell disease in the Federal District: the biographical rupture. / Experiências e estratégias de pessoas com doença falciforme no Distrito Federal: a ruptura biográfica.

This is a study on sickle cell disease, a chronic illness that affects many Brazilians, that aims to understand and analyze how people address the adversities arising from the diagnosis and the biographical rupture. The description of people's experiences and strategies conjures a picture that expresses the respondents' habitus, built in a dialectical relationship with the vulnerability determined by the disease. We adopted a qualitative approach and focused interviews as proposed by Merton, combined with the snowball technique, applied to groups related to sickle cell disease on social networks. Seven participants were selected because they were privileged informants with the disease, were over eighteen, lived in the Federal District, and were non-exclusive users of the Unified Health System. The interview material was categorized from the focal groups employed. The results indicated the following categories: biographical rupture, experience and coping strategies, and healthcare. It is necessary to sensitize professionals and the population about the challenging living conditions of people with sickle cell disease and the consolidation of public policies and care networks to accommodate this population.

Trata-se de um estudo sobre a doença falciforme, enfermidade crônica que afeta muitas pessoas no Brasil. O objetivo foi compreender como as pessoas lidam com as adversidades oriundas do diagnóstico e a ruptura biográfica. A descrição das experiências e estratégias empregadas pelas pessoas compuseram um quadro que expressa os habitus dos entrevistados, construídos em relação dialética com a vulnerabilidade determinada pela doença. A abordagem foi qualitativa e empregou entrevistas focadas como propostas por Merton, a técnica bola de neve aplicada em grupos relacionados à doença falciforme em redes sociais. Sete participantes foram selecionados por serem informantes privilegiados, portadores da doença, maiores de 18 anos, moradores no Distrito Federal e usuários não exclusivos do Sistema Único de Saúde. O material das entrevistas foi categorizado a partir dos núcleos focais empregados. Os resultados apontaram as categorias: ruptura biográfica, experiência e estratégias de enfrentamento, atenção à saúde. Concluímos que é necessária uma sensibilização dos profissionais e da população sobre as dificuldades da condição de vida das pessoas com doença falciforme e a consolidação das políticas públicas e das redes de atendimento para acolher essa população.

Experiências e estratégias de pessoas com doença falciforme no Distrito Federal: a ruptura biográfica / Experiences and strategies of people with sickle cell disease in the Federal District: the biographical rupture

Resumo Trata-se de um estudo sobre a doença falciforme, enfermidade crônica que afeta muitas pessoas no Brasil. O objetivo foi compreender como as pessoas lidam com as adversidades oriundas do diagnóstico e a ruptura biográfica. A descrição das experiências e estratégias empregadas pelas pessoas compuseram um quadro que expressa os habitus dos entrevistados, construídos em relação dialética com a vulnerabilidade determinada pela doença. A abordagem foi qualitativa e empregou entrevistas focadas como propostas por Merton, a técnica bola de neve aplicada em grupos relacionados à doença falciforme em redes sociais. Sete participantes foram selecionados por serem informantes privilegiados, portadores da doença, maiores de 18 anos, moradores no Distrito Federal e usuários não exclusivos do Sistema Único de Saúde. O material das entrevistas foi categorizado a partir dos núcleos focais empregados. Os resultados apontaram as categorias: ruptura biográfica, experiência e estratégias de enfrentamento, atenção à saúde. Concluímos que é necessária uma sensibilização dos profissionais e da população sobre as dificuldades da condição de vida das pessoas com doença falciforme e a consolidação das políticas públicas e das redes de atendimento para acolher essa população.

Abstract This is a study on sickle cell disease, a chronic illness that affects many Brazilians, that aims to understand and analyze how people address the adversities arising from the diagnosis and the biographical rupture. The description of people's experiences and strategies conjures a picture that expresses the respondents' habitus, built in a dialectical relationship with the vulnerability determined by the disease. We adopted a qualitative approach and focused interviews as proposed by Merton, combined with the snowball technique, applied to groups related to sickle cell disease on social networks. Seven participants were selected because they were privileged informants with the disease, were over eighteen, lived in the Federal District, and were non-exclusive users of the Unified Health System. The interview material was categorized from the focal groups employed. The results indicated the following categories: biographical rupture, experience and coping strategies, and healthcare. It is necessary to sensitize professionals and the population about the challenging living conditions of people with sickle cell disease and the consolidation of public policies and care networks to accommodate this population.

Implementing nursing diagnoses and care for the spiritual dimension of people with cancer: educational actions.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the implementation of nursing diagnoses and care for the spiritual dimension of people with cancer. METHOD: Action research in a university hospital in the north-east of Brazil. Nine nurses and thirteen nursing technicians from the Onco-hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit of this hospital took part. Data collection took place in four phases and involved the talking map technique, pedagogical workshops and a logbook. The groups' speeches were coded using Maxqda software, subjected to Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis and interpreted in the light of Paulo Freire's constructs. RESULTS: Phase 1 sought to apprehend the participants' prior knowledge on the subject; in phase 2, proposals emerged for spiritual care organized in the Nursing Process; in phase 3, the diagnoses and care plan for the spiritual dimension for clinical practice were contemplated; and in phase 4, through the final evaluation, it was possible to see the transformations that occurred in the nursing team's practice with the proposed implementation. CONCLUSION: The educational actions provided significant learning for the nursing team and the implementation of diagnoses and nursing care for the spiritual dimension of people with cancer.

IL-4 shapes microglia-dependent pruning of the cerebellum during postnatal development.

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a type 2 cytokine with pleiotropic functions in adaptive immunity, allergies, and cognitive processes. Here, we show that low levels of IL-4 in the early postnatal stage delineate a critical period in which microglia extensively prune cerebellar neurons. Elevating the levels of this cytokine via peripheral injection, or using a mouse model of allergic asthma, leads to defective pruning, permanent increase in cerebellar granule cells, and circuit alterations. These animals also show a hyperkinetic and impulsive-like phenotype, reminiscent of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These alterations are blocked in Il4rαfl/fl::Cx3cr1-CreER mice, which are deficient in IL-4 receptor signaling in microglia. These findings demonstrate a previously unknown role for IL-4 during a neuroimmune critical period of cerebellar maturation and provide a first putative mechanism for the comorbidity between allergic disease and ADHD observed in humans.

Species Identification and Mycotoxigenic Potential of Aspergillus Section Flavi Isolated from Maize Marketed in the Metropolitan Region of Asunción, Paraguay.

Zea mays var. amylacea and Zea mays var. indurata are maize ecotypes from Paraguay. Aspergillus section Flavi is the main spoilage fungus of maize under storage conditions. Due to its large intraspecific genetic variability, the accurate identification of this fungal taxonomic group is difficult. In the present study, potential mycotoxigenic strains of Aspergillus section Flavi isolated from Z. mays var. indurata and Z. mays var. amylacea that are marketed in the metropolitan region of Asunción were identified by a polyphasic approach. Based on morphological characters, 211 isolates were confirmed to belong to Aspergillus section Flavi. A subset of 92 strains was identified as Aspergillus flavus by mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF and the strains were classified by MALDI-TOF MS into chemotypes based on their aflatoxins and cyclopiazonic acid production. According to the partial sequencing of ITS and CaM genes, a representative subset of 38 A. flavus strains was confirmed. Overall, 75 A. flavus strains (86%) were characterized as producers of aflatoxins. The co-occurrence of at least two mycotoxins (AF/ZEA, FUM/ZEA, and AF/ZEA/FUM) was detected for five of the Z. mays samples (63%). Considering the high mycological bioburden and mycotoxin contamination, maize marketed in the metropolitan region of Asunción constitutes a potential risk to food safety and public health and requires control measures.

Associação entre parto cesáreo e pressão arterial elevada em pré-escolares: um estudo transversal / Association between cesarean section and high blood pressure among early elementary schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study / Asociación entre los partos por cesárea y la presión arterial alta en preescolares: un estudio transversal

O parto cesáreo é apontado como fator de risco para diversas doenças crônicas. Neste estudo, objetivou-se averiguar a associação entre parto cesáreo e pressão arterial (PA) de crianças de 6 anos. Trata-se de estudo transversal conduzido em Feira de Santana (BA), com 635 pares de mãe e filho. O tipo de parto foi categorizado em cesárea e vaginal. A PA foi aferida por meio de esfigmomanometria e considerada elevada quando atingiu níveis iguais ou maiores ao percentil 90 para idade, sexo e altura. Razões de prevalência brutas (RPbruta) e ajustadas (RPajustada) e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) foram estimados via regressão logística múltipla. A cesariana ocorreu em 46,5% dos casos, as prevalências de pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) elevadas foram de 17,2% e 5,6%, respectivamente. O excesso de peso foi verificado em 28,6% das crianças. A maior prevalência de PAS elevada foi observada entre as crianças que nasceram por cesariana (61%) em relação às que nasceram por parto vaginal (RPbruta: 1,51; IC95%: 1,07-2,14; RPajustada: 1,61; IC95%: 1,05-2,46). A idade materna ao nascimento da criança foi fator de interação na associação principal, assim, as crianças nascidas via parto vaginal exibiram maior prevalência de PAS elevada, comparadas às nascidas via cesárea. O parto cesáreo se associou à PAS elevada aos 6 anos de idade.

Cesarean delivery is considered a risk factor for several chronic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between cesarean section and blood pressure (BP) in 6-year-old children. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in Feira de Santana, (BA) with 635 mother-child pairs. The type of birth was categorized into cesarean and vaginal. The BP was measured by using sphygmomanometry and considered high when it reached levels equal or higher than the 90th percentile for age, gender, and height. Crude (PRcrude) and adjusted (PRadjusted) prevalence rate and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated by multiple logistic regression. Cesarean section occurred in 46.5% of the cases, the prevalence of high systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were 17.2% and 5.6%, respectively. Excess weight was verified in 28.6% of the children. The highest prevalence of high SBP was among children who were born by cesarean section (61%) compared with those who were born vaginally (PRcrude: 1.51; 95%CI: 1.07-2.14; PRadjusted: 1.61; 95%CI %: 1.05-2.46). Maternal age at the birth of the child was an interaction factor in the main association, thus, children born vaginally had a higher prevalence of elevated SBP, compared with those born via cesarean section. Cesarean section was associated with increased SBP at six years of age.

El parto por cesárea presenta un factor de riesgo para varias enfermedades crónicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la asociación entre el parto por cesárea y la presión arterial (PA) en niños de 6 años de edad. Se trata de un estudio transversal, realizado en Feira de Santana, en Bahía (Brasil), con 635 pares de madre e hijo. El tipo de parto se clasificó en cesárea y vaginal. La PA se midió mediante esfigmomanometría y se consideró alta cuando alcanzó niveles más altos o iguales al percentil 90 para edad, sexo y talla. Las razones de prevalencia crudas (RPcrudas) y ajustadas (RPajustadas) y los respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC del 95%) se estimaron mediante regresión logística múltiple. La cesárea ocurrió en el 46,5%, las prevalencias de presión arterial sistólica (PAS) y diastólica (PAD) altas fueron el 17,2% y el 5,6%, respectivamente. El exceso de peso se presentó en el 28,6% de los niños. La mayor prevalencia de PAS alta se observó entre los niños nacidos por cesárea (61%) en comparación con los nacidos por vía vaginal (RPcruda: 1,51; IC95%: 1,07-2,14; RPajustada: 1,61; IC95%: 1,05-2,46). La edad materna al nacimiento del niño fue un factor de interacción en la principal asociación, así, los niños nacidos por vía vaginal tuvieron una mayor prevalencia de PAS elevada en comparación con los nacidos por cesárea. El parto por cesárea se asoció con un aumento de la PAS a los 6 años de edad.

A hora da estrela: desamparo e tragicidade na obra clariciana / L'heure de l'étoile: impuissance et tragédie dans l'œuvre de Clarice / The hour of the star: helplessness and tragicity in Clarice's work

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo abordar a noção freudiana de desamparo a partir da leitura do último romance da escritora Clarice Lispector, intitulado A Hora da Estrela. A metodologia adotada na presente pesquisa consiste em uma pesquisa bibliográfica, sendo privilegiado o referencial teórico freudiano. O intuito do trabalho consiste em realizar aproximações entre as noções de desamparo, literatura e tragicidade na teoria psicanalítica e no texto clariciano aqui abordado. Sabendo que a obra clariciana propicia que diversas leituras sejam efetivadas, optamos por realizar um recorte teórico e fincar nossas observações em trechos da obra que nos levem ao entendimento do conceito teórico freudiano de desamparo. Assim sendo, conclui-se que o desamparo é a expressão máxima da marca humana e que há maneiras de lidarmos com esta verdade tão avassaladora, inclusive por meio da arte poética. Ainda que as marcas deixadas por esta verdade, que são compostas de tragicidade e conflito, sejam demasiadamente rígidas, a psicanálise e a literatura nos fornecem subsídios para enfrentá-las

Le présent travail vise à aborder la notion freudienne d'impuissance à partir de la lecture du dernier roman de l'écrivain Clarice Lispector, intitulé L'heure de l'étoile. La méthodologie adoptée dans cette recherche consiste en une recherche bibliographique, en privilégiant la référence théorique freudienne. Le but du travail est de faire des rapprochements entre les notions d'impuissance, de littérature et de tragique dans la théorie psychanalytique et dans le texte lispectorien abordé ici. Sachant que l'œuvre de Clarice permet d'effectuer plusieurs lectures, nous avons choisi de faire une coupure théorique et de baser nos observations sur des extraits de l'œuvre qui nous amènent à la compréhension du concept théorique freudien d'impuissance. Nous en concluons donc que l'impuissance est l'expression ultime du manque humain et qu'il existe des moyens de faire face à cette vérité écrasante, y compris par le biais de l'art poétique. Bien que les marques laissées par cette vérité, qui sont composées de tragique et de conflit, soient trop rigides, la psychanalyse et la littérature nous fournissent des subventions pour y faire face.

The present work aims to address the Freudian notion of helplessness from the reading of the last novel by the writer Clarice Lispector, entitled The Hour of the Star. The methodology adopted in this research consists of a bibliographical research, being privileged the Freudian theoretical framework. The purpose of the work is to make approximations between the notions of helplessness, literature and tragicity in psychoanalytic theory and in the Clarice's text addressed here. Knowing that the author's work allows several readings to be carried out, we chose to make a theoretical cut and base ourobservations on excerpts from the work that lead us to the understanding of the Freudian theoretical concept of helplessness. Therefore, it is concluded that helplessness is the maximum expression of human mark and that there are ways to deal with this overwhelming truth, including through poetic art. Although the marks left by this truth, which are composed of tragicity and conflict, are too rigid, psychoanalysis and literature provide us with subsidies to face them

Morbidity survey of the history of snakebites in different communities in the alto Juruá, western Brazilian Amazon.

The Alto Juruá region has a rich diversity of venomous snakes, and snakebites represent an important cause of morbidity. The present study was carried out in five communities in the Alto Juruá region, and aimed to evaluate the history of snakebites in terms of which snakes were involved and what was the victims' conduct in relation to first aid and prevention. Between 2017 and 2019, semi-structured interviews were applied to 260 residents, 56 (21.53%) of whom had a history of snakebites. The profile of the victims is 73.2% male, a resident of rural areas who develops activities mainly in agriculture and extractivism and who has a low level of education. Just over half of the snakebites occurred during the rainy season (52.8%) and the majority during the day (77%). Bothrops bites were the most frequently reported (90.3%) and B. atrox was the most mentioned snake (jararaca and surucucu) for being responsible for snakebites (80.8%). Approximately 87.5% of the bites occurred to the lower limbs, and 48.2% of the victims were barefoot at the time of the bite. Inadequate first-aid procedures were reported, such as using tourniquets and consuming the drink known as "Específico Pessoa", not drinking water, and treatment with traditional therapy (phytotherapics, zootherapeutics and faith healers), as well as not seeking hospital care. Thus, the need to facilitate access to hospital units in these communities and health education (prevention and first aid) are essential in order to minimize this situation.

A coloração da cauda em serpentes do gênero Bothrops

Snakes are vertebrate animals with elongated bodies and different defense and feeding tactics. One of these feeding techniques is the caudal bait, present in the genus Bothrops. The objective of this project was to quantify the percentage of males and females that have different tail coloration in the litter, and the analysis and tonality of this coloration for offspring of the species Bothrops atrox, B. jararaca, B. moojeni and B. neuwiedi. For this, we used data from offspring of these species that we characterized with colors I, II, III, IV and V, where I is lighter and V is darker. The standardization of the caudal coloration and photos of the biofluerescence of the caudal bait were performed. Amphibians that are animals that are part of the diet of Bothrops puppies, these amphibians, have cones that allow them to see ultraviolet light. The number of individuals, who are born with a lighter color, may vary from species to species of the genus Bothrops. The results were presented in graphs that demonstrated the significant number of males and females that were born with light caudal coloration. Statistical analysis showed that sex was significant for tail coloration in Bothrops moojeni, while in the other studied species it was not significant. Individuals of the species of Bothrops atrox, B. jararaca, B. moojeni and B. neuwiedi, with shades I and II that are lighter, showed biofluorescence, but individuals that showed darker shades did not show biofluorescence. It was interesting to observe the presence or absence of fluorescence in the snakes' tails.

As serpentes são animais vertebrados com corpos alongados e com diferentes táticas de defesa e alimentação. Uma dessas técnicas de alimentação é o engodo caudal, presente no gênero Bothrops. O objetivo deste o objetivo deste estudo, foi quantificar a porcentagem de machos e fêmeas que possuem a coloração da cauda diferenciada na ninhada, e analisar a tonalidade desta coloração para filhotes das espécies Bothrops atrox, B. jararaca, B. moojeni e B. neuwiedi. Para isso, foram utilizados dados de filhotes destas espécies que caracterizamos com as colorações I, II, III, IV e V, sendo que I é mais clara e o V a mais escura. Foi realizada a padronização da coloração caudal e fotos da biofluerescência do engodo caudal. Os anfíbios que são animais que fazem parte da dieta dos filhotes de Bothrops, estes anfíbios, possuem cones que permitem que enxerguem a luz ultravioleta. A quantidade de indivíduos, que nascem com coloração mais clara, pode variar de espécie para espécie do gênero Bothrops. Os resultados foram apresentados em gráficos que demonstraram o número significativo de machos e fêmeas que nasceram com coloração caudal clara. A análise estatística, mostrou que o sexo foi significante para a coloração da cauda em Bothrops moojeni, enquanto, que nas outras especies estudadas não foi significativo. Indivíduos das espécies de Bothrops atrox, B. jararaca, B. moojeni e B. neuwiedi, com tonalidade I e II que são mais claras apresentaram a biofluorescência, mas os indivíduos que apresentaram tonalidades mais escuras, não apresentaram biofluorescência. Foi interessante observar a presença ou ausência de fluorescência nas caudas das serpentes.

Cacto development: care program for mothers of children with congenital zika syndrome / Desarrollo de cacto: programa de atención a madres de niños con síndrome de zika congénito / Desenvolvimento do cacto: programa de cuidado às mães de crianças com síndrome congênita do zika

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a unitary caring program for mothers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome. Method: this is a methodological study, based on Unitary Caring Science, developed in two phases: creation, consisting of six moments, and content validity, through the participation of 36 experts on the subject, professional caregivers and mothers. The Content Validity Index and the Content Validity Ratio were used for data analysis. Results: the program was named CACTO, composed of seven care modalities: Taking care of my mind; Upright and correct position; Taking care of my sleep; Family that is together; Mirror mirror on the wall; Mother who takes care of mother; Facing prejudices. CACTO was validated with a Content Validity Index ≥0.88 and critical Content Validity Ratio values greater than or equal to the cutoff point defined for each group of experts. Conclusion: the translation of Unitary Caring Science into a care program encourages professionals to promote innovative care, valuing acceptance, autonomy, citizenship and critical awareness, advocating in favor of emancipatory interactional care. CACTO is a technological innovation that can transform professional care, promote the resolution of mothers' health needs and enhance the quality of life of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome, family and caregivers themselves.

RESUMEN Objetivo: desarrollar un programa de atención unitaria para madres de niños con síndrome congénito causado por el virus Zika. Método: estudio metodológico, basado en la Ciencia del Cuidado Unitario, desarrollado en dos fases: creación, compuesta por seis momentos, y validación de contenido a través de la participación de 36 expertos en el tema, cuidadores profesionales y madres. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron el Índice de Validez de Contenido y la Razón de Validez de Contenido. Resultados: el programa se denominó CACTO, compuesto por siete modalidades de atención: Cuidando mi mente; Posición erguida y correcta; Cuidando mi sueño; Familia que llega junta; Espejo, espejo mío; Madre que cuida a la madre; Enfrentando los prejuicios. CACTO fue validado con un Índice de Validez de Contenido ≥0.88 y valores críticos de Relación de Validez de Contenido mayores o iguales al punto de corte definido para cada grupo de expertos. Conclusión: la traducción de la Ciencia del Cuidado Unitario en un programa de cuidado alienta a los profesionales a promover un cuidado innovador, valorando la aceptación, la autonomía, la ciudadanía y la conciencia crítica, abogando por el cuidado interaccional emancipador. El CACTO es una innovación tecnológica que puede transformar la atención profesional, promover la resolución de las necesidades de salud de las madres y mejorar la calidad de vida de los niños con síndrome congénito causado por el virus Zika, la familia y los propios cuidadores.

RESUMO Objetivo: desenvolver um programa de cuidado unitário às mães de crianças com Síndrome Congênita do vírus Zika. Método: estudo metodológico, fundamentado na Ciência do Cuidado Unitário, desenvolvido em duas fases: criação, constituída por seis momentos, e validação de conteúdo mediante participação de 36 experts na temática, cuidadoras profissionais e mães. O Índice de Validação de Conteúdo e o Content Validity Ratio foram utilizados para análise dos dados. Resultados: o programa foi nomeado de CACTO, composto por sete modalidades de cuidado: Cuidando da minha mente; Posição ereta e correta; Cuidando do meu sono; Família que chega junto; Espelho espelho meu; Mãe que cuida de mãe; Enfrentando preconceitos. O CACTO foi validado com Índice de Validação de Conteúdo ≥0,88 e valores do Content Validity Ratio crítico maior ou igual ao ponto de corte definido para cada grupo de experts. Conclusão: a translação da Ciência do Cuidado Unitário em programa de cuidado estimula as profissionais a promoverem cuidados inovadores, valorizando o acolhimento, autonomia, cidadania e consciência crítica, advogando em favor do cuidado interacional emancipatório. O CACTO é uma inovação tecnológica que pode transformar os cuidados profissionais, promover resolutividade das necessidades de saúde das mães e potencializar qualidade de vida da criança com Síndrome Congênita do vírus Zika, família e das próprias cuidadoras.

A importância das mulheres negras na enfermagem do brasil e do mundo / The importance of black women in nursing in brazil and the world / La importancia de las mujeres negras en la enfermería en brasil y en el mundo

Objetivo: compreender a importância das mulheres negras na enfermagem e sua representatividade. Método: trata-se de uma revisão historiográfica realizada através de um levantamento em base de dados eletrônicos, que foram capturados por meio dos descritores em Ciência da Saúde: "História da Enfermagem", "Cuidados de Enfermagem", "Enfermagem em Saúde Comunitária", "Biografia" e "Racismo", combinados pelo operador bolleano "and", nos sites da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, da Scientific Electronic Library Online. Também foram utilizados documentos da literatura cinzenta e sites de domínio público. Resultados: foram avaliados 54 documentos relevantes ao estudo e que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, sendo possível sistematizar e categorizar 13 mulheres negras que se destacaram na enfermagem e os seus principais feitos. Elas são: Mary Jane Seacole, Mary Eliza Mahoney, Mary Elizabeth Carnegie, Clara Adams Ender, Maria José Barroso ("Maria Soldado"), Maria Barbosa Fernandes, Lydia das Dores Matta, Maria de Lourdes Almeida, Josephine de Mello, Rosalda Paim, Izabel dos Santos, Maria Estella de Azevedo dos Santos e Ivone Lara. Conclusão: o negro, sobretudo as mulheres negras, sempre esteve ativamente envolvido no processo de cuidar, em todas as suas formas, porém seu protagonismo foi esquecido e invisibilizado, portanto, quanto mais se resgata fatos históricos e se coloca em evidência marcos que contribuíram para a mudança de paradigmas, menos riscos se corre em reproduzir e perpetuar histórias com protagonistas únicos. Descritores: História da Enfermagem; Cuidados de Enfermagem; Enfermagem em Saúde Comunitária; Biografia; Racismo..

Objective: to understand the importance of black women in nursing and its representativeness. Method: this is a historiographical review carried out through a survey based on electronic databases, which were captured through the descriptors in Health Science: "History of Nursing", "Nursing Care", "Community Health Nursing", "Biography" and "Racism", combined by the Bollean operator "and", on the websites of the Virtual Health Library, of the Scientific Electronic Library Online. Documents from grey literature and public domain sites were also used. Results: 54 documents relevant to the study were evaluated and met the inclusion criteria, being possible to systematize and categorize 13 black women who stood out in nursing and their main achievements. They are: Mary Jane Seacole, Mary Eliza Mahoney, Mary Elizabeth Carnegie, Clara Adams Ender, Maria José Barroso ("Maria Soldado"), Maria Barbosa Fernandes, Lydia das Dores Matta, Maria de Lourdes Almeida, Josephine de Mello, Rosalda Paim, Izabel dos Santos, Maria Estella de Azevedo dos Santos and Ivone Lara. Conclusion: black people, especially black women, have always been actively involved in the care process, in all its forms, but its protagonism has been forgotten and invisible, therefore, the more historical facts are rescued and milestones that have contributed to the paradigm shift are highlighted, the less risks are in reproducing and perpetuating stories with unique protagonists. Descriptors: History of Nursing; Nursing Care; Community Health Nursing; Biography; Racism.

Objetivo: comprender la importancia de las mujeres negras en enfermería y su representatividad. Método: se trata de una revisión historiográfica realizado a través de una encuesta basada en bases de datos electrónicas, que fueron capturadas a través de los descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud: "Historia de la Enfermería", "Atención de Enfermería", "Enfermería en Salud Comunitaria", "Biografía" y "Racismo", combinados por el operador Bollean "y", en los sitios web de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, de la Biblioteca Electrónica Científica en Línea. También se utilizaron documentos de literatura gris y sitios de dominio público. Resultados: 54 documentos relevantes para el estudio fueron evaluados y cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, siendo posible sistematizar y categorizar a 13 mujeres negras que se destacaron en enfermería y sus principales logros. Ellos son: Mary Jane Seacole, Mary Eliza Mahoney, Mary Elizabeth Carnegie, Clara Adams Ender, Maria José Barroso ("Maria Soldado"), Maria Barbosa Fernandes, Lydia das Dores Matta, Maria de Lourdes Almeida, Josephine de Mello, Rosalda Paim, Izabel dos Santos, Maria Estella de Azevedo dos Santos e Ivone Lara. Conclusión: las personas negras, especialmente las mujeres negras, siempre han participado activamente en el proceso de cuidado, en todas sus formas, pero su protagonismo ha sido olvidado e invisible, por lo tanto, mientras más hechos históricos se rescatan y se destacan los hitos que han contribuido al cambio de paradigma, menos riesgos hay en reproducir y perpetuar historias con protagonistas únicos. Descriptores: Historia de la Enfermería; Atención de Enfermería; Enfermería em Salud Comunitaria; Biografía; Racismo

Concepções dos profissionais de saúde acerca da prática do exercício físico em indivíduos privados de liberdade / Conceptions of health professionals about the practice of physical exercise in individuals deprived of liberty

RESUMO Introdução: Os profissionais de saúde apresentem uma concepção incipiente e limitada acerca da prática do EF vinculada à saúde. Objetivo: Objetivou-se analisar as concepções dos profissionais de saúde acerca da prática do Exercício Físico (EF) em indivíduos privados de liberdade de um presídio regional do seminário baiano. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, qualitativa, no Presídio Regional do Semiárido Baiano, em 2019, com 28 profissionais de saúde. Utilizou-se questionários e entrevistas semiestruturada. Realizou-se Análise Categorial Temática de Bardin. Resultados: Sistematizou-se três categorias: 1)Percepção dos profissionais de saúde sobre a importância da prática do EF para os indivíduos privados de liberdade; 2)Prática do EF no presídio; 3)Acometimentos mentais de maior incidência no presídio e os tratamentos utilizados. A maioria tinha a percepção do EF vinculada à saúde; os exercícios relatados foram jogar bola e futebol, musculação improvisada, caminhadas e abdominais, todos sem orientação profissional; reconheceu-se que o EF pode ser um aliado trazendo benefícios ao processo de ressocialização, na redução da agressividade e reincidência ao crime. A Educação Física não se constituiu como elemento prioritário na unidade prisional. Conclusão: A prática regular do EF deve pertencer aos programas de intervenção com os presos e que essas sejam orientadas.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Health professionals present an incipient and limited conception about the practice of PE linked to health. Objective: The objective was to analyze the conceptions of health professionals about the practice of Physical Exercise (PE) in individuals deprived of liberty in a regional prison in the Bahian seminary. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative field research, in the Regional Prison of the Semi-Arid region of Bahia, in 2019, with 28 health professionals. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used. Bardin's Thematic Categorical Analysis was performed. Results: Three categories were systematized: 1) Perception of health professionals about the importance of PE practice for individuals deprived of liberty; 2) Practice of PE in prison; 3) Mental disorders of greater incidence in prison and the treatments used. Most had the perception of PE linked to health; the reported exercises were playing ball and soccer, improvised bodybuilding, walking and sit-ups, all without professional guidance; it was recognized that PE can be an ally bringing benefits to the resocialization process, in reducing aggressiveness and recidivism. Physical Education was not a priority element in the prison unit. Conclusion: The regular practice of PE should belong to the intervention programs with prisoners and that these be guided.

Implementing nursing diagnoses and care for the spiritual dimension of people with cancer: educational actions / Implementación de diagnósticos y cuidados de enfermería para la dimensión espiritual de las personas con cáncer: acciones educativas / Implementação de diagnósticos e cuidados de enfermagem à dimensão espiritual da pessoa com câncer: ações educativas

ABSTRACT Objective: To establish the implementation of nursing diagnoses and care for the spiritual dimension of people with cancer. Method: Action research in a university hospital in the north-east of Brazil. Nine nurses and thirteen nursing technicians from the Onco-hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit of this hospital took part. Data collection took place in four phases and involved the talking map technique, pedagogical workshops and a logbook. The groups' speeches were coded using Maxqda software, subjected to Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis and interpreted in the light of Paulo Freire's constructs. Results: Phase 1 sought to apprehend the participants' prior knowledge on the subject; in phase 2, proposals emerged for spiritual care organized in the Nursing Process; in phase 3, the diagnoses and care plan for the spiritual dimension for clinical practice were contemplated; and in phase 4, through the final evaluation, it was possible to see the transformations that occurred in the nursing team's practice with the proposed implementation. Conclusion: The educational actions provided significant learning for the nursing team and the implementation of diagnoses and nursing care for the spiritual dimension of people with cancer.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Establecer la implementación de diagnósticos y cuidados de enfermería para la dimensión espiritual de personas con cáncer. Método: Investigación-acción en un hospital universitario del nordeste de Brasil. Participaron nueve enfermeros y trece técnicos de enfermería de la Unidad de Oncohematología y Trasplante de Médula Ósea de este hospital. La recogida de datos se realizó en cuatro fases e incluyó la técnica del mapa parlante, talleres pedagógicos y un cuaderno de bitácora. Los discursos de los grupos se codificaron con el programa Maxqda, se sometieron al análisis temático de Braun y Clarke y se interpretaron a la luz de los constructos de Paulo Freire. Resultados: La fase 1 buscó captar los conocimientos previos de los participantes sobre el tema; en la fase 2, surgieron propuestas de cuidados espirituales organizados en el Proceso de Enfermería; en la fase 3, se contemplaron los diagnósticos y el plan de cuidados de la dimensión espiritual para la práctica clínica; y en la fase 4, a través de la evaluación final, fue posible ver las transformaciones ocurridas en la práctica del equipo de enfermería con la implementación propuesta. Conclusión: Las acciones educativas proporcionaron aprendizajes significativos para el equipo de enfermería y la implementación de diagnósticos y cuidados de enfermería para la dimensión espiritual de las personas con cáncer.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estabelecer a implementação de diagnósticos e cuidados de enfermagem à dimensão espiritual da pessoa com câncer. Método: Pesquisa-ação, em um hospital universitário do Nordeste do Brasil. Participaram nove enfermeiros e treze técnicos de enfermagem da Unidade de Oncohematologia e Transplante de Medula Óssea do referido hospital. A coleta de dados aconteceu em quatro fases e envolveu a técnica do mapa falante, oficinas pedagógicas e o diário de bordo. As falas dos grupos foram codificadas com auxílio do software Maxqda, submetidas à análise temática de Braun e Clarke e interpretadas à luz dos construtos de Paulo Freire. Resultados: A fase 1 buscou apreender o saber prévio dos participantes sobre a temática; na fase 2, surgiram propostas para o cuidado espiritual organizado no Processo de Enfermagem; na fase 3, contemplou-se os diagnósticos e plano de cuidados à dimensão espiritual para a prática clínica; e na fase 4, através da avaliação final, foi possível constatar as transformações ocorridas na prática da equipe de enfermagem com a implementação proposta. Conclusão: As ações educativas proporcionaram a aprendizagem significativa da equipe de enfermagem e implementação dos diagnósticos e cuidados de enfermagem à dimensão espiritual da pessoa com câncer.

Antifungal Potential of Capsaicinoids and Capsinoids from the Capsicum Genus for the Safeguarding of Agrifood Production: Advantages and Limitations for Environmental Health.

Opportunistic pathogenic fungi arise in agricultural crops as well as in surrounding human daily life. The recent increase in antifungal-resistant strains has created the need for new effective antifungals, particularly those based on plant secondary metabolites, such as capsaicinoids and capsinoids produced by Capsicum species. The use of such natural compounds is well-aligned with the One Health approach, which tries to find an equilibrium among people, animals, and the environment. Considering this, the main objective of the present work is to review the antifungal potential of capsaicinoids and capsinoids, and to evaluate the environmental and health impacts of biofungicides based on these compounds. Overall, capsaicinoids and their analogues can be used to control pathogenic fungi growth in plant crops, as eco-friendly alternatives to pest management, and assist in the conservation and long-term storage of agrifood products. Their application in different stages of the agricultural and food production chains improves food safety, nutritional value, and overcomes antimicrobial resistance, with a lower associated risk to humans, animals, and the environment than that of synthetic fungicides and pesticides. Nevertheless, research on the effect of these compounds on bee-like beneficial insects and the development of new preservatives and packaging materials is still necessary.

Occurrence of Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A during Merkén Pepper Powder Production in Chile.

Berry fruits of Capsicum annuum L. cv. "Cacho de Cabra" are used for the manufacture of a traditional pepper powder known as Merkén. In the present study, aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination in berry fruits of C. annuum was determined at harvest, drying, and smoking stages of Merkén production, in cumin and coriander seeds used as Merkén ingredients, and in the final packaged Merkén produced by local farmers. Additionally, Merkén samples from local markets in the region of La Araucanía (Chile) were also evaluated. Chromatographic analysis was based on a qualitative method. AFs and OTA were not detected on pepper pods and seeds. There was no detection of AFs and OTA on cultured Aspergillus and Penicillium strains isolated from pepper pods, cumin and coriander seeds and Merkén. The lack of AFs/OTA-producers among the isolated fungal species can explain and support the absence of contamination in pepper pods. In contrast, the AFB1 was detected in 75% of Merkén obtained from farmers and 46% of Merkén samples purchased from local markets; while OTA was detected in 100% of Merkén samples obtained from farmers and local markets. In the Merkén production chain, the harvest and post-harvest are key stages for fungal growth while the commercialization stage is highly susceptible to AFs and OTA contamination.

Cuidados de enfermagem omissos na perceção da equipa: Uma análise das razões / The nursing team's perspective on missed nursing care: An analysis of the reasons / Cuidados de enfermería omitidos en la percepción del personal: Un análisis de las razones

Resumo Enquadramento: Diante de múltiplas solicitações e recursos insuficientes, os profissionais de enfermagem podem não executar alguns cuidados requeridos. Objetivos: Identificar os cuidados de enfermagem omissos, as razões atribuídas pelos profissionais de enfermagem e verificar se as razões diferem entre as categorias profissionais. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, transversal, utilizando o instrumento MISSCARE-Brasil numa amostra por conveniência de 115 participantes, distribuídos entre 48 enfermeiros e 67 técnicos em enfermagem. Resultados: Os participantes apresentaram média de idade de 34,9 anos, predominando o sexo feminino, 88,6%. Os cuidados de enfermagem mais omitidos foram a deambulação três vezes por dia ou conforme prescrito, 58,3%; a participação em discussão da equipa interdisciplinar sobre a assistência ao paciente, 55,6%; e a oferta das refeições para os pacientes que se alimentam sozinhos, 53,1%. As principais razões para omissão foram relacionadas os domínios "Recursos Materiais" e "Laborais". Conclusão: Os recursos materiais e laborais influenciam na frequência de cuidados de enfermagem omissos, apesar das justificações diferenciadas para omissão do cuidado entre enfermeiros e técnicos em enfermagem.

Abstract Background: Faced with multiple requests and insufficient resources, the nursing professionals may not perform some required care. Objectives: Identify the missing nursing care, the reasons attributed by nursing professionals and check whether the reasons differ between professional categories. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study using the MISSCARE-Brazil instrument in a convenience sample of 115 participants, distributed between 48 nurses and 67 nursing technicians. Results: Participants had a mean age of 34.9 years, predominantly female, 88.6%. The most omitted nursing care were walking three times a day or as prescribed, 58.3%; the participation in the discussion of the interdisciplinary team about patient care, 55.6% and the offer of meals to patients who eat alone, 53.1%. The main reasons for the omission were related to the "Material Resources" and "Laboratory" domains. Conclusion: material and labor resources influence the frequency of missing nursing care, despite different justifications for omission of care among nurses and nursing technicians.

Resumen Marco contextual: Ante la multitud de solicitudes y la insuficiencia de recursos, los profesionales de enfermería pueden no realizar algunos de los cuidados necesarios. Objetivos: Identificar los cuidados de enfermería omitidos, las razones atribuidas por los profesionales de enfermería y verificar si las razones difieren entre las categorías profesionales. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, utilizando el instrumento MISSCARE-Brasil en una muestra de conveniencia de 115 participantes, distribuidos entre 48 enfermeros y 67 técnicos de enfermería. Resultados: Los participantes tenían una edad media de 34,9 años, con predominio del sexo femenino, el 88,6%. Los cuidados de enfermería más omitidos fueron los paseos tres veces al día o según lo prescrito, el 58,3%; la participación en las discusiones con el equipo interdisciplinario sobre los cuidados del paciente, el 55,6%; y la provisión de comidas para los pacientes que se alimentan solos, el 53,1%. Los principales motivos para omitirlos estaban relacionados con los ámbitos "Recursos materiales" y "Mano de obra". Conclusión: Los recursos materiales y laborales influyen en la frecuencia de los cuidados de enfermería omitidos, a pesar de las diferentes justificaciones para omitirlos entre los enfermeros y los técnicos de enfermería.