Iron bioavailability in Wistar rats fed with fortified rice by Ultra Rice® technology with or without addition of yacon flour (Smallanthus sonchifolius) / Biodisponibilidad de hierro en ratas Wistar alimentadas con arroz fortificado por medio de la tecnología Ultra Rice® con o sin adición de harina de yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius).

This study aimed to evaluate iron (Fe) bioavailability in Wistar rats fed with rice fortified with micronized ferric pyrophosphate (FP) by Ultra Rice® (UR) technology with or without addition of yacon flour as a source of 7.5% of fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Diets were supplied with 12 mg iron/kg from the following sources: ferrous sulfate (FS - control diet), fortified rice with micronized ferric pyrophosphate (Ultra Rice®) (UR diet), ferrous sulfate + yacon flour (FS + Y diet) or Ultra Rice® + yacon flour (UR + Y diet). Blood samples were collected at the end of depletion and repletion stages for determination of hemoglobin concentration and calculation of the relative biological value (RBV). Also, the content of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) (acetic, propionic and butyric acids) from animals’ stools and caecum weight were determined. The UR diet showed high iron bioavailability (RBV = 84.7%). However, the addition of yacon flour in the diet containing fortified rice (UR + Y diet) decreased RBV (63.1%) significantly below the other three groups (p<0.05). Groups that received yacon flour showed higher acetic acid values compared to those who did not. In conclusion, fortified UR® with micronized ferric pyrophosphate showed high iron bioavailability but the addition of yacon flour at 7.5% FOS reduced iron bioavailability despite increased caecum weight and SCFA concentration.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la biodisponibilidad de hierro (Fe) en ratas Wistar alimentadas con arroz fortificado con pirofosfato férrico micronizado por medio de la tecnología Ultra Rice® (UR®), con o sin adición de harina de yacón. Las dietas contenían 12 mg de hierro/kg a partir de las siguientes fuentes: sulfato ferroso (SF - dieta de control), Ultra Rice® (dieta UR®), sulfato ferroso + harina de yacón (dieta SF + Y) o Ultra Rice® + harina de yacón (dieta UR® + Y). Al final del estudio, se recogieron muestras de sangre para la determinación de la concentración de hemoglobina y el cálculo del valor biológico relativo (RBV). También se determinó el contenido de ácidos grasos de cadena corta (AGCC) (ácidos acético, propiónico y butírico) en las heces de los animales. La dieta UR® mostró alta biodisponibilidad de hierro (RBV = 84,7%). Sin embargo, la adición de harina de yacón en la dieta que contenía arroz fortificado (dieta UR® + Y) disminuyó el RBV (63,1%) (p <0,05). Los grupos que recibieron harina de yacón mostraron los valores más altos de ácido acético en comparación con aquellos que no recibieron. En conclusión, el arroz fortificado con pirofosfato férrico micronizado por medio de la tecnología UR® mostró alta biodisponibilidad de hierro. La adición de harina de yacón, con el fin de proporcionar 7,5% de fructooligosacáridos (FOS) en la dieta, causó aumento del peso del ciego y de la concentración de AGCC, aunque disminuyó la biodisponibilidad de hierro.

Histologic patterns of lung infiltration of B-cell, T-cell, and Hodgkin lymphomas.

Secondary lung infiltration by lymphomas occurs frequently. To our knowledge, however, no recent studies have attempted to discriminate histologic patterns of lung infiltration in the lymphoma subtypes. We retrospectively evaluated the frequency of lung infiltration and the respective infiltration patterns by lymphomas at autopsy, during an 11-year period. Lymphomas were classified according to the 2001 World Health Organization Classification of hematologic malignancies in B-cell, T-cell, and Hodgkin lymphomas (HLs). In 21,157 autopsies, 414 reports with lymphoma diagnosis were reviewed histologically, and 85 showed lung infiltration (20.5%). We studied 14 HLs, 43 B-cell lymphomas, and 20 T-cell lymphomas. Five infiltration patterns were identified: peribronchial-perivascular, nodular alveolar, interstitial, and pleural. Approximately half of the lymphomas had more than 1 infiltration pattern (mean, 1.7); peribronchial-perivascular and pleural were the most frequent. The frequency of nodular infiltration was larger in HL than in B-cell lymphomas. T-cell lymphomas had a larger frequency of the interstitial infiltration pattern compared with B-cell lymphomas. Recognizing the frequency and patterns of lung infiltration in the light of a more recent classification is certainly useful for physicians dealing with lymphoma diagnostic procedures, such as radiologists and pathologists.