RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Food allergy (FA) in young children is often associated with eczema, frequently directed to egg/cow milk allergens and has a higher chance of resolution, while FA that persists in older children has less chance of resolution and is less clearly associated with atopy. METHODS: Children with FA (n = 62) and healthy controls (n = 28) were categorized into "younger" (≤5 years) and "older" (>5 years). Mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic profiling as wells as cytokine profiling were performed on plasma samples in FA children in each age group. RESULTS: Younger FA children manifested unique alterations in bile acids, polyamine metabolites and chemokines associated with Th2 responses, while older FA children displayed pronounced changes in long chain fatty acids, acylcarnitines and proinflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS: FA children of different ages manifest unique metabolic changes which may reflect at least in part pathogenic mechanisms and environmental influences operative at different time points in the disease course.
Assuntos
Eczema , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar , Hipersensibilidade Imediata , Criança , Feminino , Animais , Bovinos , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Alérgenos , Fatores EtáriosAssuntos
Dessensibilização Imunológica , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/terapia , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/terapia , Esclerose Múltipla Recidivante-Remitente/tratamento farmacológico , Peptídeos/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Alérgenos/imunologia , Criança , Protocolos Clínicos , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/complicações , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/imunologia , Feminino , Acetato de Glatiramer , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/complicações , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/imunologia , Esclerose Múltipla Recidivante-Remitente/complicações , Peptídeos/imunologia , Pele/imunologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Exhaled breath temperature has been proposed as a surrogate marker for the evaluation of airway inflammation in asthmatic patients. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to extend the investigation of exhaled air temperature as a means for the evaluation of airway inflammation using a professionally developed instrument. METHODS: Fifty-seven children, 41 allergic mild asthmatics and 16 healthy controls have been evaluated. They underwent exhaled air temperature and lung function measurement. The asthmatic children also underwent exhaled nitric oxide measurement, and hypertonic saline sputum induction for the evaluation of eosinophil (EOS) percentage. RESULTS: The level of exhaled temperature was significantly higher in asthmatics than in controls, being 30.18+/-0.14 degrees C vs. 27.47+/-0.24 degrees C (P<0.001). In asthmatic children, a positive relationship was observed between exhaled air temperature and both exhaled nitric oxide (r=0.39; P=0.01) and EOS percentage in samples from induced sputum (rho=0.53; P=0.04). CONCLUSION: The data from the present study support the hypotheses that exhaled breath temperature is related to the degree of airway inflammation in asthma.