Hemolysis, icterus and lipemia interfere with the determination of two oxidative stress biomarkers in canine serum.

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress has been proven to play a role in numerous human and canine diseases. Among the biomarkers of oxidative stress, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) are two of the most widely used. Preanalytical factors are crucial for obtaining accurate results in these assays. Hemolysis, icterus and lipemia (HIL) are common sources of preanalytical errors in the laboratory; however, limited information is available regarding the considerations for canine specimens. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential interferences of HIL in the determination of TBARS and TAS in canine serum. METHODS: Solutions of pooled canine serum samples were prepared by adding increasing concentrations of hemolysate, bilirubin and a synthetic lipid emulsion. TBARS and TAS were determined, and biases from the control value caused by the interfering substances were calculated. RESULTS: Hemolysis, icterus and lipemia induced significant interferences on TBARS and TAS, albeit to varying degrees depending on the specific biomarker and interfering substance. TBARS appeared to be more susceptible to interferences in this study. Slight hemolysis, moderate icterus and slight lipemia caused notable deviations in TBARS values, surpassing the acceptable threshold for interference. TAS assay was also affected by HIL, although to a lesser extent compared to TBARS. Significant biases from TAS control value were observed when icterus was moderate, and when hemolysis and lipemia were more pronounced. CONCLUSIONS: In light of our results, we conclude that hemolyzed, icteric and lipemic specimens are not suitable for TBARS and TAS determination in canine serum. Our findings hold considerable practical utility, as a simple visual inspection would be sufficient for identifying and excluding such specimens.

Arthrodilation: a treatment algorithm as a conservative management option for adhesive capsulitis.

INTRODUCTION: the management of adhesive capsulitis (AC) remains a topic of debate among orthopedic surgeons, with a wide variation in the literature. Conservative treatment relies as the first-line option as clinical studies report positive outcomes. However, there is variability in the effectiveness of different treatment modalities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: this study aimed to analyzed functional and clinical outcomes of patients with AC who underwent the arthrodilation protocol, including three ultrasound-guided injections administered on a weekly basis: two corticosteroid injections and one injection of hyaluronic acid combined with corticosteroids. Additionally, patients received a specific rehabilitation therapy. Visual analogue scale (VAS), the university of California-Los Angeles shoulder score (UCLA) and Constant-Murley score were assessed before treatment and after 3-month follow-up period. RESULTS: 23 patients were included, receiving the same treatment protocol with a mean onset of symptoms of 4.9 ± 1.7 months. Among these patients, there was a clear predominance of females (65.2%). Age distribution ranged from 39 to 74 years (mean = 56) indicating that individuals in their mid-50s were more susceptible to developing this condition. Furthermore, a slight majority (52.2%) exhibited AC in their right shoulder. VAS significantly decreased (-6.09 ± 1.9 [p 0.05]). Similarly, UCLA score (10.9 ± 2.9 to 31.7 ± 2.2) and Constant-Murley score (22.3 ± 6.1 to 62.0 ± 6.2) improved significantly. Pre-to-post treatment evaluation showed improvement in both UCLA (mean = 20.8 ± 2.9 [p 0.05]) and Constant-Murley (mean = 39.7 ± 9 [p 0.05]). CONCLUSION: arthrodilation protocol demonstrated promising results, with patients achieving good to excellent outcomes and safely resuming their regular daily activities within a short-term follow-up period. These findings provide support for arthrodilation as a viable conservative management option and contribute valuable insights to the ongoing research aimed at identifying optimal treatment approaches for adhesive capsulitis.

INTRODUCCIÓN: el tratamiento de la capsulitis adhesiva (CA) sigue siendo un tema de debate entre los cirujanos ortopedistas, con una variación amplia en la literatura. El tratamiento conservador se considera la opción de primera línea, ya que los estudios clínicos muestran resultados positivos. Sin embargo, existe variabilidad en la efectividad de las diferentes modalidades de tratamiento. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los resultados funcionales y clínicos de pacientes con CA que se sometieron al protocolo de artrodilatación, incluyendo tres inyecciones guiadas por ultrasonido administradas semanalmente: dos inyecciones de corticosteroides y una inyección de ácido hialurónico combinado con corticosteroides. Además, los pacientes recibieron una terapia de rehabilitación específica. La escala analógica visual (EVA), la puntuación del hombro de la Universidad de California-Los Ángeles (UCLA) y la puntuación de Constant-Murley se evaluaron antes del tratamiento y después de un período de seguimiento de tres meses. RESULTADOS: se incluyeron 23 pacientes que recibieron el mismo protocolo de tratamiento con un inicio medio de síntomas de 4.9 ± 1.7 meses. Entre estos pacientes hubo un claro predominio del sexo femenino (65.2%). La distribución por edades osciló entre 39 y 74 años (media = 56), lo que indica que las personas de alrededor de 55 años eran más susceptibles a desarrollar esta afección. Además, una ligera mayoría (52.2%) presentaba CA en el hombro derecho. La EVA disminuyó significativamente (-6.09 ± 1.9 [p 0.05]). De manera similar, la puntuación de UCLA (10.9 ± 2.9 a 31.7 ± 2.2) y la puntuación de Constant-Murley (22.3 ± 6.1 a 62.0 ± 6.2) mejoraron significativamente. La evaluación previa y posterior al tratamiento mostró una mejoría tanto en UCLA (media = 20.8 ± 2.9 [p 0.05]) como en Constant-Murley (media = 39.7 ± 9 [p 0.05]). CONCLUSIÓN: el protocolo de artrodilatación demostró resultados prometedores, los pacientes lograron resultados de buenos a excelentes y reanudaron de manera segura sus actividades diarias regulares dentro de un período de seguimiento a corto plazo. Estos hallazgos respaldan la artrodilatación como una opción de tratamiento conservador viable y aportan conocimientos valiosos a la continua investigación destinada a identificar tratamientos óptimos para la capsulitis adhesiva.

Biomechanical comparison of conventional double-row repair versus double row repair with the parachute configuration.

INTRODUCTION: The rotator cuff tears are a very frequent condition. The rotator cuff repair is a procedure often perform by the orthopedic surgeon. There are multiple techniques and suture configurations for this type of repairs. The double row configuration is one of the most used and consider very effective for mid-size and large size rotator cuff tears. The parachute configuration for this repair is a novel technique that may be useful for mid-size and large size tears, for this repair two medial double row anchors are used and one knotless lateral anchor. Our porpoise was to compare biomechanical performance and footprint coverage of a conventional suture-bridge double-row rotator cuff repair configuration versus a double-row-parachute. METHODS: This paper shows the biomechanical behavior on a cadaver model of the parachute configuration, and also compares this conformation with a double row in a suture-bridge fashion. Our hipothesis was that the Parachute configurations biomechanical performance is equivalent to the suture-bridging double-row technique. RESULTS: The parachute configuration advantages show the advantage of using less anchors, which will decrease the surgical time and also the risks of using multiple hardware in the humeral head.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La lesión del manguito rotador es una patología común cuya reparación es un procedimiento realizado por los cirujanos ortopedistas. Existen muchas técnicas de reparación, así como múltiples configuraciones de anclas y suturas para realizar estos procedimientos. La técnica de doble fila es una de las más usadas para rupturas de tamaño mediano y grande con buenos resultados. La configuración en «paracaídas¼ para la reparación del manguito rotador puede llegar a ser útil para éstas, en este tipo de configuración se utilizan dos anclas mediales y un ancla sin nudos lateral. Nuestro objetivo fue la comparación de la eficiencia biomecánica y cobertura de la huella de una configuración convencional de doble fila «suture bridge¼ frente a una configuración en «paracaídas¼. MÉTODOS: Este trabajo revisó el comportamiento biomecánico, en piezas cadavéricas, de la configuración de paracaídas y se comparó con la configuración de doble fila tipo «suture-bridge¼. Nuestra hipótesis era que el rendimiento biomecánico de la configuración de Parachute es equivalente a la técnica de doble fila «suture bridge¼. RESULTADOS: Las posibles ventajas de la configuración de paracaídas son el uso de menos anclas, disminuyendo el tiempo quirúrgico y los riesgos de tener múltiples implantes en la cabeza humeral.

Detection of antibodies against tick-borne encephalitis flaviviruses in breeding and sport horses from Spain.

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and louping-ill virus (LIV) are two closely related zoonotic flaviviruses leading to neurological diseases and belonging to the tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) serocomplex. Both viruses are transmitted by the same ixodid tick vector, Ixodes ricinus. Due to global warming affecting vector biology and pathogen transmission, the viruses pose an emerging threat for public health in Europe and Asia. These flaviviruses share some hosts, like sheep, goats and humans, although the main hosts for LIV and TBEV are sheep and small rodents, respectively. Whereas LIV has been detected in Spanish sheep and goat herds, circulating antibodies against TBEV have only been reported in dogs and horses from particular regions in this country. The limited available information about the prevalence of these viruses in Spain led us to investigate the serological evidence of TBE flaviviruses in horses from Spain. Serum neutralization tests (SNT) were performed using sera from 495 breeding and sport horses collected during two periods (2011-2013 and 2015-2016). A seroprevalence of 3.1 % (95 % CI 1.5-4.6) was found and cross-reactivity with West Nile virus was excluded in the positive samples. Sport horses showed a significantly higher TBE serocomplex seropositivity compared to breeding horses. An increased seroprevalence was observed in the second sampling period (2015-2016). Our results demonstrate for the first time the presence of antibodies against TBE flaviviruses in horses residing in mainland Spain; further epidemiological surveys are necessary in order to understand and monitor the active transmission of TBE flaviviruses in this country and rule out the presence of other flaviviruses co-circulating in Spain.

Biomechanical comparison of conventional double-row repair versus double row repair with the parachute configuration / Comparación biomecánica de la reparación convencional de doble fila frente a la reparación de doble fila con la configuración del paracaídas

Abstract: Introduction: The rotator cuff tears are a very frequent condition. The rotator cuff repair is a procedure often perform by the orthopedic surgeon. There are multiple techniques and suture configurations for this type of repairs. The double row configuration is one of the most used and consider very effective for mid-size and large size rotator cuff tears. The parachute configuration for this repair is a novel technique that may be useful for mid-size and large size tears, for this repair two medial double row anchors are used and one knotless lateral anchor. Our porpoise was to compare biomechanical performance and footprint coverage of a conventional suture-bridge double-row rotator cuff repair configuration versus a double-row-parachute. Methods: This paper shows the biomechanical behavior on a cadaver model of the parachute configuration, and also compares this conformation with a double row in a suture-bridge fashion. Our hipothesis was that the Parachute configuration's biomechanical performance is equivalent to the suture-bridging double-row technique. Results: The parachute configuration advantages show the advantage of using less anchors, which will decrease the surgical time and also the risks of using multiple hardware in the humeral head.

Resumen: Introducción: La lesión del manguito rotador es una patología común cuya reparación es un procedimiento realizado por los cirujanos ortopedistas. Existen muchas técnicas de reparación, así como múltiples configuraciones de anclas y suturas para realizar estos procedimientos. La técnica de doble fila es una de las más usadas para rupturas de tamaño mediano y grande con buenos resultados. La configuración en «paracaídas¼ para la reparación del manguito rotador puede llegar a ser útil para éstas, en este tipo de configuración se utilizan dos anclas mediales y un ancla sin nudos lateral. Nuestro objetivo fue la comparación de la eficiencia biomecánica y cobertura de la huella de una configuración convencional de doble fila «suture bridge¼ frente a una configuración en «paracaídas¼. Métodos: Este trabajo revisó el comportamiento biomecánico, en piezas cadavéricas, de la configuración de paracaídas y se comparó con la configuración de doble fila tipo «suture-bridge¼. Nuestra hipótesis era que el rendimiento biomecánico de la configuración de Parachute es equivalente a la técnica de doble fila «suture bridge¼. Resultados: Las posibles ventajas de la configuración de paracaídas son el uso de menos anclas, disminuyendo el tiempo quirúrgico y los riesgos de tener múltiples implantes en la cabeza humeral.

[Comparison of the functional outcomes of patients with arthroscopic repair of massive rotator cuff ruptures alone or combined with acromioplasty or biceps tenotomy]. / Comparación de los resultados funcionales de los pacientes con reparación artroscópica de rupturas masivas del manguito rotador sola o combinada con acromioplastía y/o tenotomía del bíceps.

BACKGROUND: The rotator cuff injury it is one of the most common causes of pain and functional disability of the shoulder with an annual reported incidence of 4.5 million cases in the United States. It is one of the leading causes of pain of shoulder in patients older than 60 years. In Mexico, there are no reports of the incidence or the results of arthroscopic repair of massive rotator cuff lesions alone or combined with other procedures. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical evolution of patients post-surgery of arthroscopic rotator cuff massive injury repair AR-RCMI alone or in combination with other techniques. METHODS: Evaluation of records of patients with AR-RCMI post-surgery, comparing the results of the scales: simple shoulder test and VAS before and after surgery with a follow up of 2.6 years. The combined procedures were acromioplasty, tenotomy of biceps or both. RESULTS: 65 patients with diagnosis of massive injury; with an average age of 62.8 years (SD ± 9. 42), 27.7% were men and 72.3% women. The evaluation was conducted in four groups: arthroscopic repair (AR); arthroscopic repair + biceps tenotomy (AR + BT); arthroscopic repair + acromioplasty (AR + A) and arthroscopic repair + biceps tenotomy + acromioplasty (AR + BTA). All groups showed significant reduction in pain: AR (-44.1%, p = 0.0001), AR + A (-36.9%, p = 0.001), AR + BT (-36.3%, p = 0.0001), AR + BT + A (-38.5%, p = 0.0001). All groups had significant improvement in function with the SST scale.

ANTECEDENTES: La lesión del manguito rotador (LMR) es una de las causas más comunes de dolor y discapacidad funcional del hombro con una incidencia anual reportada de 4.5 millones de casos en Estados Unidos. La LMR es una de las principales causas de dolor de hombro en pacientes mayores de 60 años. En México, no existen reportes de la incidencia ni de los resultados de la reparación artroscópica de las lesiones masivas de manguito rotador sola o combinada con otros procedimientos. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la evolución clínica de los pacientes postoperados de reparación artroscópica de lesión masiva del manguito rotador (RA-LMMR), sola o combinada con otras técnicas. MÉTODOS: Evaluación de expedientes de pacientes postoperados de RA-LMMR en la que se compararon los resultados de las escalas: simple shoulder test y EVA antes y después de la cirugía a un seguimiento promedio de 2.6 años. Los procedimientos combinados fueron acromioplastía, tenotomía de bíceps o ambas. RESULTADOS: 65 pacientes con diagnóstico de lesión masiva con edad promedio de 62.8 años (DE ± 9.42), 27.7% fueron hombres y 72.3% mujeres. La evaluación se realizó en cuatro grupos: reparación artroscópica (RA), reparación artroscópica + tenotomía del bíceps (RA + TB), reparación artroscópica + acromioplastía (RA + A) y reparación artroscópica + tenotomía del bíceps + acromioplastía (RA + TBA). Todos los grupos mostraron disminución significativa del dolor: RA (-44.1%, p = 0.0001), RA + A (-36.9%, p = 0.001), RA + TB (-36.3%, p = 0.0001), RA + TB + A (-38.5%, p = 0.0001). De igual forma todos los grupos mostraron mejoría significativa de la función evaluada con la escala SST.

Comparación de los resultados funcionales de los pacientes con reparación artroscópica de rupturas masivas del manguito rotador sola o combinada con acromioplastía y/o tenotomía del bíceps / Comparison of the functional outcomes of patients with arthroscopic repair of massive rotator cuff ruptures alone or combined with acromioplasty or biceps tenotomy

Resumen: Antecedentes: La lesión del manguito rotador (LMR) es una de las causas más comunes de dolor y discapacidad funcional del hombro con una incidencia anual reportada de 4.5 millones de casos en Estados Unidos. La LMR es una de las principales causas de dolor de hombro en pacientes mayores de 60 años. En México, no existen reportes de la incidencia ni de los resultados de la reparación artroscópica de las lesiones masivas de manguito rotador sola o combinada con otros procedimientos. Objetivo: Evaluar la evolución clínica de los pacientes postoperados de reparación artroscópica de lesión masiva del manguito rotador (RA-LMMR), sola o combinada con otras técnicas. Métodos: Evaluación de expedientes de pacientes postoperados de RA-LMMR en la que se compararon los resultados de las escalas: simple shoulder test y EVA antes y después de la cirugía a un seguimiento promedio de 2.6 años. Los procedimientos combinados fueron acromioplastía, tenotomía de bíceps o ambas. Resultados: 65 pacientes con diagnóstico de lesión masiva con edad promedio de 62.8 años (DE ± 9.42), 27.7% fueron hombres y 72.3% mujeres. La evaluación se realizó en cuatro grupos: reparación artroscópica (RA), reparación artroscópica + tenotomía del bíceps (RA + TB), reparación artroscópica + acromioplastía (RA + A) y reparación artroscópica + tenotomía del bíceps + acromioplastía (RA + TBA). Todos los grupos mostraron disminución significativa del dolor: RA (-44.1%, p = 0.0001), RA + A (-36.9%, p = 0.001), RA + TB (-36.3%, p = 0.0001), RA + TB + A (-38.5%, p = 0.0001). De igual forma todos los grupos mostraron mejoría significativa de la función evaluada con la escala SST.

Abstract: Background: The rotator cuff injury it is one of the most common causes of pain and functional disability of the shoulder with an annual reported incidence of 4.5 million cases in the United States. It is one of the leading causes of pain of shoulder in patients older than 60 years. In Mexico, there are no reports of the incidence or the results of arthroscopic repair of massive rotator cuff lesions alone or combined with other procedures. Objective: To evaluate the clinical evolution of patients post-surgery of arthroscopic rotator cuff massive injury repair AR-RCMI alone or in combination with other techniques. Methods: Evaluation of records of patients with AR-RCMI post-surgery, comparing the results of the scales: simple shoulder test and VAS before and after surgery with a follow up of 2.6 years. The combined procedures were acromioplasty, tenotomy of biceps or both. Results: 65 patients with diagnosis of massive injury; with an average age of 62.8 years (SD ± 9. 42), 27.7% were men and 72.3% women. The evaluation was conducted in four groups: arthroscopic repair (AR); arthroscopic repair + biceps tenotomy (AR + BT); arthroscopic repair + acromioplasty (AR + A) and arthroscopic repair + biceps tenotomy + acromioplasty (AR + BTA). All groups showed significant reduction in pain: AR (-44.1%, p = 0.0001), AR + A (-36.9%, p = 0.001), AR + BT (-36.3%, p = 0.0001), AR + BT + A (-38.5%, p = 0.0001). All groups had significant improvement in function with the SST scale.

[Intraarticular lesions associated with tibial fixation during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction]. / Lesiones intraarticulares asociadas a la fijación tibial en la reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is a demanding procedure; complications may arise at any of its stages. This is the report of three cases in which the tibial fixation devices (IntraFix and Bio-IntraFix) led to intraarticular lesions. The complications were detected in one of the cases while the patient was still in the operating room and in the remaining two during the follow-up. All the patients had a stable knee, but all of them sustained chondral lesions resulting from the inadequate placement of the implants used for tibial fixation. Several suggestions to avoid the complications stemming from these devices are provided.

La reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior es un procedimiento exigente; las complicaciones pueden presentarse en cualquiera de sus etapas. Presentamos tres casos en los cuales los dispositivos para la fijación tibial (IntraFix y Bio-IntraFix) condicionaron lesiones intraarticulares. Las complicaciones fueron detectadas, en uno de los casos, mientras el paciente se encontraba aún en la sala de operaciones, y en los otros dos, durante el seguimiento. Todos los pacientes contaban con una rodilla estable, pero tuvieron lesiones condrales causadas por la inadecuada colocación de los implantes para la fijación tibial. Se exponen algunas sugerencias para evitar complicaciones con estos dispositivos.

Lesiones intraarticulares asociadas a la fijación tibial en la reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior / Intraarticular lesions associated to a tibial fixation device in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Resumen: La reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior es un procedimiento exigente; las complicaciones pueden presentarse en cualquiera de sus etapas. Presentamos tres casos en los cuales los dispositivos para la fijación tibial (IntraFix y Bio-IntraFix) condicionaron lesiones intraarticulares. Las complicaciones fueron detectadas, en uno de los casos, mientras el paciente se encontraba aún en la sala de operaciones, y en los otros dos, durante el seguimiento. Todos los pacientes contaban con una rodilla estable, pero tuvieron lesiones condrales causadas por la inadecuada colocación de los implantes para la fijación tibial. Se exponen algunas sugerencias para evitar complicaciones con estos dispositivos.

Abstract: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is a demanding procedure; complications may arise at any of its stages. This is the report of three cases in which the tibial fixation devices (IntraFix and Bio-IntraFix) led to intraarticular lesions. The complications were detected in one of the cases while the patient was still in the operating room and in the remaining two during the follow-up. All the patients had a stable knee, but all of them sustained chondral lesions resulting from the inadequate placement of the implants used for tibial fixation. Several suggestions to avoid the complications stemming from these devices are provided.

Serosurvey Reveals Exposure to West Nile Virus in Asymptomatic Horse Populations in Central Spain Prior to Recent Disease Foci.

West Nile fever/encephalitis (WNF) is an infectious disease affecting horses, birds and humans, with a cycle involving birds as natural reservoirs and mosquitoes as transmission vectors. It is a notifiable disease, re-emerging in Europe. In Spain, it first appeared in horses in the south (Andalusia) in 2010, where outbreaks occur every year since. However, in 2014, an outbreak was declared in horses in central Spain, approximately 200 km away from the closest foci in Andalusia. Before that, evidence of West Nile virus (WNV) circulation in central Spain had been obtained only from wildlife, but never in horses. The purpose of this work was to perform a serosurvey to retrospectively detect West Nile virus infections in asymptomatic horses in central Spain from 2011 to 2013, that is before the occurrence of the first outbreaks in the area. For that, serum samples from 369 horses, collected between September 2011 and November 2013 in central Spain, were analysed by ELISA (blocking and IgM) and confirmed by virus neutralization, proving its specificity using parallel titration with another flavivirus (Usutu virus). As a result, 10 of 369 horse serum samples analysed gave positive results by competitive ELISA, 5 of which were confirmed as positive to WNV by virus neutralization (seropositivity rate: 1.35%). One of these WNV seropositive samples was IgM-positive. Chronologically, the first positive samples, including the IgM-positive, corresponded to sera collected in 2012 in Madrid province. From these results, we concluded that WNV circulated in asymptomatic equine populations of central Spain at least since 2012, before the first disease outbreak reported in this area.

Síndrome de fricción de la cintilla iliotibial posterior a reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior con pines transversos bioabsorbibles / Iliotibial band friction syndrome due to bioabsorbable pins in ACL reconstruction

Resumen: Las lesiones del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) hoy en día son tratadas principalmente con injerto de isquiotibiales y una amplia gama de técnicas y sistemas de fijación del LCA en busca de una menor morbilidad del paciente. Se reporta un caso de una paciente de 42 años que sufrió ruptura de LCA, tratada con reconstrucción de LCA con injerto autólogo de isquiotibiales, fijación femoral con pines transversos bioabsorbibles y fijación tibial con tornillo bioabsorbible. La paciente evolucionó con presencia de dolor en región lateral de rodilla, diagnosticado como síndrome de fricción de la banda iliotibial un año posterior a la cirugía. Se realizaron estudios de imagen que incluyeron rayos X y resonancia magnética (RM) donde se observó adecuada fijación del LCA con presencia de migración y ruptura del pin proximal bioabsorbible. Se decidió extraer el fragmento del pin bioabsrobile en un segundo tiempo quirúrgico y la paciente regresó a sus actividades cotidianas y deportivas sin dolor y con una adecuada estabilidad.

Abstract: Injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament are currently treated primarily with the use of hamstring graft with a wide range of different techniques and fixation systems for anterior cruciate ligament in reducing patient morbidity. We report the case of a female patient aged 42 that suffered an anterior cruciate ligament rupture and was treated with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring autograft with femoral fixation with bio-absorbable cross-pin and tibial fixation with bio-absorbable screw. The patient presented lateral knee pain that was diagnosed one year after the operation as an iliotibial band friction syndrome. Imaging studies were performed. X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated adequate fixation of the anterior cruciate ligament with the presence of migration and rupture of the proximal bio-absorbable cross-pin. It was decided to remove the bio-absorbable cross-pin fragment in a second surgical procedure after which the patient went back to her daily activities and sports without pain and with stability stable knee.

[Iliotibial band friction syndrome due to bioabsorbable pins in ACL reconstruction]. / Síndrome de fricción de la cintilla iliotibial posterior a reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior con pines transversos bioabsorbibles.

Injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament are currently treated primarily with the use of hamstring graft with a wide range of different techniques and fixation systems for anterior cruciate ligament in reducing patient morbidity. We report the case of a female patient aged 42 that suffered an anterior cruciate ligament rupture and was treated with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring autograft with femoral fixation with bio-absorbable cross-pin and tibial fixation with bio-absorbable screw. The patient presented lateral knee pain that was diagnosed one year after the operation as an iliotibial band friction syndrome. Imaging studies were performed. X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated adequate fixation of the anterior cruciate ligament with the presence of migration and rupture of the proximal bio-absorbable cross-pin. It was decided to remove the bio-absorbable cross-pin fragment in a second surgical procedure after which the patient went back to her daily activities and sports without pain and with stability stable knee.

Las lesiones del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) hoy en día son tratadas principalmente con injerto de isquiotibiales y una amplia gama de técnicas y sistemas de fijación del LCA en busca de una menor morbilidad del paciente. Se reporta un caso de una paciente de 42 años que sufrió ruptura de LCA, tratada con reconstrucción de LCA con injerto autólogo de isquiotibiales, fijación femoral con pines transversos bioabsorbibles y fijación tibial con tornillo bioabsorbible. La paciente evolucionó con presencia de dolor en región lateral de rodilla, diagnosticado como síndrome de fricción de la banda iliotibial un año posterior a la cirugía. Se realizaron estudios de imagen que incluyeron rayos X y resonancia magnética (RM) donde se observó adecuada fijación del LCA con presencia de migración y ruptura del pin proximal bioabsorbible. Se decidió extraer el fragmento del pin bioabsrobile en un segundo tiempo quirúrgico y la paciente regresó a sus actividades cotidianas y deportivas sin dolor y con una adecuada estabilidad.

The differential haloperidol effect on the immobility response elicited by clamping, grasping, bandaging and inversion in guinea pig, hamster and rat.

The induction and modification by haloperidol of inhibitory responses, by 4 inducing stimuli (inversion, clamping, bandaging and grasping) were studied and compared in guinea pig, hamster and rat. When undrugged, all 4 stimuli induced immobility responses in guinea pig; only clamping, bandaging and grasping, but not inversion, induced immobility responses (IR) in hamsters; only clamping and grasping, but not inversion and bandaging induced IR in rats. Haloperidol significantly potentiated the occurrence and duration of the IR by clamping, grasping and bandaging in rats. In hamsters haloperidol only potentiated the IR induced by bandaging, and in guinea pigs, haloperidol had no effect on IR produced by any of the stimuli. These findings suggest an inverse relationship between susceptibility to IR and the potentiation of IR by haloperidol.