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Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare autoimmune disease in which recurrent and progressive chondritis occurs throughout the body. We report a case of a 56-year-old female subject presented as intermittent fever and cough, who was found obvious luminal stenosis and intense 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in her larynx and trachea via bronchoscopy and FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). The auricular cartilage biopsy demonstrated chondritis. At first she was diagnosed as RP and treated by glucocorticoid and methotrexate, leading to completely response. Fever and cough recurred after 18 months, and FDG PET/CT were performed again and targeted a newfound nasopharyngeal lesion, where the biopsy proved to be an extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type.
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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted worldwide attention due to their high efficiency and low manufacturing cost. As the largest supplier of photovoltaic modules, China has made huge endeavors in the research on PSCs. In 2019, Chinese research groups were still holding the top position for paper publications in the world. Both the efficiency and the stability of the device have been steadily increasing, pushing forward the commercialization of PSCs step by step. This review summarizes the highlights of China's PSC research progress in 2019 and briefly introduces the development of PSC modules in industry.
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Here we report a solution-processing strategy to stabilize the perovskite-based heterostructure. Strong Pb-Cl and Pb-O bonds formed between a [CH(NH2)2] x [CH3NH3]1- x Pb1+ y I3 film with a Pb-rich surface and a chlorinated graphene oxide layer. The constructed heterostructure can selectively extract photogenerated charge carriers and impede the loss of decomposed components from soft perovskites, thereby reducing damage to the organic charge-transporting semiconductors. Perovskite solar cells with an aperture area of 1.02 square centimeters maintained 90% of their initial efficiency of 21% after operation at the maximum power point under AM1.5G solar light (100 milliwatts per square centimeter) at 60°C for 1000 hours. The stabilized output efficiency of the aged device was further certified by an accredited test center.
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All-inorganic cesium lead iodide perovskites (CsPbI3 ) are promising wide-bandgap materials for use in the perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, but they easily undergo a phase transition from a cubic black phase to an orthorhombic yellow phase under ambient conditions. It is shown that this phase transition is triggered by moisture that causes distortion of the corner-sharing octahedral framework ([PbI6 ]4- ). Here, a novel strategy to suppress the octahedral tilting of [PbI6 ]4- units in cubic CsPbI3 by systematically controlling the steric hindrance of surface organic terminal groups is provided. This steric hindrance effectively prevents the lattice distortion and thus increases the energy barrier for phase transition. This mechanism is verified by X-ray diffraction measurements and density functional theory calculations. Meanwhile, the formation of an organic capping layer can also passivate the surface electronic trap states of perovskite absorber. These modifications contribute to a stable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.2% for the inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which is the highest efficiency achieved by the inverted-structure inorganic PSCs. More importantly, the optimized devices retained 85% of their initial PCE after aging under ambient conditions for 30 days.
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A number of short noncoding microRNAs (miRs) have been demonstrated to be highly expressed in many kidney diseases such as renal cancer and lupus nephritis (LN); however, these results have not been extensively investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and function of miR198 in LN based on the previous studies. miR198 expression level in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients was determined to determine its clinicopathological significance and effect on glomerular cell proliferation. It was demonstrated that higher expression of miR198 was observed in patients with SLE, and was correlated with disease activity. Bioinformatics prediction and luciferase assays were used to demonstrate that miR198 could directly bind to the phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) 3'untranslated region. Furthermore, miR198 overexpression reduced PTEN expression levels, while miR198 silencing increased its expression at both the mRNA and protein level. Furthermore, there was a negative association between miR198 and PTEN in the patients with active SLE. Thus, miR198 may promote proliferation and contribute to SLE progression by targeting PTEN.
Assuntos
Glomérulos Renais/metabolismo , Nefrite Lúpica/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , PTEN Fosfo-Hidrolase/genética , Regiões 3' não Traduzidas , Animais , Antagomirs/genética , Antagomirs/metabolismo , Sequência de Bases , Sítios de Ligação , Proliferação de Células , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Progressão da Doença , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Genes Reporter , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Glomérulos Renais/patologia , Luciferases/genética , Luciferases/metabolismo , Nefrite Lúpica/metabolismo , Nefrite Lúpica/patologia , Células Mesangiais/citologia , Células Mesangiais/metabolismo , Camundongos , MicroRNAs/antagonistas & inibidores , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , PTEN Fosfo-Hidrolase/metabolismo , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expressions of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP)-associated factor-1 (XAFI) and heat-shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) and their relationship in human gastrointestinal cancers. METHODS: Immunoblotting was used to analyze the expressions of HSF1 and XAF1 in gastric and colon cancer tissues and in gastrointestinal cancer cells. The gastrointestinal cancer cells were tranfected with a eukaryotic expression vector containing HSF1 gene fragment or subjected to RNA interference to induce up- or down-regulation of HSF1 expression, and the consequence changes in XAF1 expression in the cells was measured. XAF1 expression was also assayed in the cells after stress stimulation for HSF1 expression. RESULTS: The expression of HSF1 was higher in gastrointestinal cancer tissues than in normal tissues. The expression of XAF1 and HSF1 was inversely correlated in the cancer cell lines, and stress stimuli of the cells up-regulated the expression of HSF1 but down-regulated XAF1 expression. CONCLUSION: HSF1 expression is increased in gastrointestinal cancer tissues to result in suppressed expression of XAF1, which may be one of the reasons for the low expression of XAF1 in association with the defect of the apoptosis mechanisms in the cancer cells
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Colo/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/biossíntese , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/biossíntese , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias do Colo/genética , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Fatores de Transcrição de Choque Térmico , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Interferência de RNA , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , TransfecçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) To gastrointestinal (GI) investigate the expression of XAF1 and heat-shock transcription factors 1 èHSF1éand their relationship in human gastrointestinal cancers. METHODS: Immunoblotting was used to analyze the expression of HSF1 and XAF1 in either gastric or colon cancer tissue and GI cancer cell line. Transient expression of the HSF1-containing vector in GI cell lines and RNA interference were used to up/down-regulae the expression of the HSF1, and the subsequent expression of XAF1 was measured. RESULTS: The expression of HSF1 was higher in GI cancers than in normal tissues. The expression of XAF1 and HSF1 was negatively correlated in GI cancer cell lines. Stress stimuli up-regulated the expression of HSF1 while the alteration of XAF1 expression was negatively correlated with HSF1 expression. CONCLUSION: The high expression of HSF1 in GI cancers is associated with suppressed expression of XAF1, which can be one of the mechanisms for low-expression of XAF1 and insufficient apoptosis in GI cancers.