[Application of tranexamic acid in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture of femur].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of tranexamic acid in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture. METHODS: From January 2017 to October 2019, 100 patients with intertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into observation group (48 cases) and control group(52 cases). All patients received the same surgical treatment. The control group was given tranexamic acid 20 minutes before operation, and 15 mg/kg diluted in 250 ml sodium chloride injection, intravenous drip;the observation group was given tranexamic acid 0.5 g dissolved in 20 ml normal saline injected into femoral bone marrow cavity for local treatment on the basis of the control group. The blood loss, operation time and postoperative hospital stay were compared between two groups. Hematocrit, hemoglobin, D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were analyzed before and after operation, and the incidence of thrombotic complications was observed. RESULTS: The total blood loss, dominant blood loss, hidden blood loss and postoperative drainage volume of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). The postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit of two groups were significantly lower than those before operation (P<0.05), while the postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of thrombotic complications in the observation group was 10.42%, which was not significantly different from that in the control group (11.54%)(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Tranexamic acid combined with systemic and local application has important clinical significance in reducing perioperative blood lossand blood cell loss in patients with intertrochanteric fracture, and has good safety.

miR-30b suppresses the progression of breast cancer through inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by targeting Derlin-1.

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in the initiation, progression and metastasis of breast cancer. It has been confirmed that miR-30b is involved in various cancers. However, the specific involvement of miR-30b on breast cancer metastasis remains unknown. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the role of miR-30b in the progression and metastasis of breast cancer in vitro. METHODS: We up-regulated the expression of miR-30b in breast cancer cell lines SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231 by transfecting pCMV-miR-30b vector. CCK8, colony formation, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays were used to examine cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, respectively. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to identify the relationship between miR-30b and the target gene. Western blot assay was used to detect related proteins. RESULTS: Our data showed that the overexpression of miR-30b significantly inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion abilities in SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Meanwhile, overexpression of miR-30b induced cell apoptosis for both SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231 cells by regulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, active Caspase-3, and Caspase-9). Moreover, miR-30b inhibited the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by decreasing the phosphorylation levels of Akt and mTOR. Furthermore, we determined that miR-30b could down-regulate the expression of Derlin-1 in a post-transcriptional manner by employing the dual-luciferase reporter and western blot assays. Further analysis demonstrated that depletion of Derlin-1 inhibited Akt phosphorylation, and Derlin-1 could restore the effect of miR-30b on Akt. In addition, the CCK8 assay showed that Derlin-1 could partly reverse the inhibition of cell proliferation of SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231 cells mediated by miR-30b. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrated that miR-30b suppresses the progression and metastasis of breast cancer via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by targeting Derlin-1 in vitro. This suggests that miR-30b might be a novel potent target for breast cancer therapy.

Precision biopsy of breast microcalcifications: An improvement in surgical excision.

The aim of the present study was to improve the conventional wire-guided localization biopsy (WGLB) of breast microcalcifications to overcome disadvantages associated with the procedure, including inaccurate localization and large specimen volume. The novel approach described in the present study was termed double wire-guided localization and rotary cutting biopsy (DWGLB). Prior to surgery, the precise localization of the lesions was assessed using two wires under the assistance of mammography X-ray and ultrasound, followed by complete excision of the lesions using a novel rotary cutting tool. The cylindrical specimen was placed on a scaled specimen holder for pathological examination. DWGLB was performed in 108 patients with the classification of as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System score 4A. Percutaneous localization of the lesions guided by a mammography X-ray and ultrasound were successful in all 108 lesions (100%) with one puncture attempt. The lesions were precisely excised in all of 108 patients, and included 13 malignant lesions (DCIS of breast in 7 cases, DCIS with focal invasive carcinoma in 3 cases and invasive ductal carcinoma in 3 cases). The average distance of the BARD Dualok to the lesion was 4.1 mm; the average weight of specimens was 8.5 g. Compared with WGLB, DWGLB offers several advantages, including more accurate localization of lesions, a more standardized biopsy method and a smaller specimen volume. DWGLB can also provide the precise position of lesions in the specimen for further pathological examination.

Scutellarin promotes in vitro angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Angiogenesis is critical to a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Scutellarin, a major flavonoid of a Chinese herbal medicine Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand. Mazz. has been shown to offer beneficial effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular functions. However, scutellarin's effects on angiogenesis and underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Here, we studied angiogenic effects of scutellarin on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. Scutellarin was found by MTT assay to induce proliferation of HUVECs. In scutellarin-treated HUVECs, a dramatic increase in migration was measured by wound healing assay; Transwell chamber assay found significantly more invading cells in scutellarin-treated groups. Scutellarin also promoted capillary-like tube formation in HUVECs on Matrigel, and significantly upregulated platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 at both mRNA and protein levels. Scutellarin's angiogenic mechanism was investigated in vitro by measuring expression of angiogenic factors associated with cell migration and invasion. Scutellarin strongly induced MMP-2 activation and mRNA expression in cultured HUVECs in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these results suggest that scutellarin promotes angiogenesis and may form a basis for angiogenic therapy.