Effects of redox modulation on quiescin/sulfhydryl oxidase activity of melanoma cells.

Secreted quiescin/sulfhydryl oxidase (QSOX) is overexpressed in many tumor cell lines, including melanoma, and is usually associated with a pro-invasive phenotype. Our previous work described that B16-F10 cells enter in a quiescent state as a protective mechanism against damage generated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) during melanogenesis stimulation. Our present results show that QSOX activity was two-fold higher in cells with stimulated melanogenesis when compared to control cells. Considering that glutathione (GSH) is one of the main factor responsible for controlling redox homeostasis in cells, this work also aimed to investigate the relationship between QSOX activity, GSH levels and melanogenesis stimulation in B16-F10 murine melanoma cell line. The redox homeostasis was impaired by treating cells with GSH in excess or depleting its intracellular levels through BSO treatment. Interestingly, GSH-depleted cells without stimulation of melanogenesis kept high levels of viability, suggesting a possible adaptive mechanism of survival even under low GSH levels. They also showed lower extracellular activity of QSOX, and higher QSOX intracellular immunostaining, suggesting that this enzyme was less excreted from cells and corroborating with a diminished extracellular QSOX activity. On the other hand, cells under melanogenesis stimulation showed a lower GSH/GSSG ratio (8:1) in comparison with control (non-stimulated) cells (20:1), indicating a pro-oxidative state after stimulation. This was accompanied by decreased cell viability after GSH-depletion, no alterations in QSOX extracellular activity, but higher QSOX nucleic immunostaining. We suggest that melanogenesis stimulation and redox impairment caused by GSH-depletion enhanced the oxidative stress in these cells, contributing to additional alterations of its metabolic adaptive response.

Notificações emitidas pelo Conselho Regional de Enfermagem do Paraná / Notifications issued by the Paraná Regional Nursing Council / Notificaciones emitidas por el Consejo Regional de Enfermería de Paraná

Objetivo: Levantar e caracterizar as notificações de irregularidades e ilegalidades emitidas pelo Conselho Regional de Enfermagem do Paraná (COREN-PR) entre os anos de 2018 a 2022. Método:Pesquisa documental, com abordagem quantitativa, tendo o COREN-PR como cenário de pesquisa. Foram coletados dados de fonte primária e de domínio público do COREN-PR referentes aos relatórios de fiscalização em que constam os quantitativos de notificações por irregularidades e ilegalidades emitidas entre os anos de 2018 a 2022. Os dados foram analisados mediante análise estatística simples. Resultados:Verificou-se prevalência das notificações de inexistência ou inadequação de documentos relacionados ao gerenciamento dos processos de trabalho do serviço de Enfermagem, inexistência de anotação de responsabilidade técnica do serviço de enfermagem, profissionais de Enfermagem que não registram o processo de Enfermagem contemplando as cinco etapas preconizadas, inexistência ou inadequação dos registros relativos à assistência de enfermagem, inexistência ou ausência de enfermeiro onde são desenvolvidas as atividades de enfermagem e exercício irregular da enfermagem. Conclusão:Conhecer o perfil das notificações emitidas pelo Conselho de Classe representa um norteador para os profissionais de enfermagem direcionarem a sua atuação, em consonância com a legislação de enfermagem vigente, com vistas a um cuidado de enfermagem seguro, ético e qualificado.

Objective:To survey and characterize the notifications of irregularities and illegalities issued by the Paraná Regional Nursing Council (COREN-PR) between the years 2018 to 2022. Method:Documentary research, with a quantitative approach, with COREN-PR as the research scenario. Data were collected from a primary source and from the public domain of COREN-PR regarding inspection reports containing the number of notifications for irregularities and illegalities issued between the years 2018 to 2022. The data were analyzed using simple statistical analysis. Results:There was a prevalence of notifications of non-existence or inadequacy of documents related to the management of work processes in the Nursing service, lack of notes on the technical responsibility of the nursing service, Nursing professionals who do not register the Nursing process contemplating the five recommended steps, non-existence or inadequacy of records related to nursing care, non-existence or absence of a nurse where nursing activities are carried out and irregular nursing practice. Conclusion:Knowing the profile of notifications issued by the Class Council represents a guide for nursing professionals to direct their actions, in line with current nursing legislation, with a view to safe, ethical and qualified nursing care.

Objetivo:Relevar y caracterizar las notificaciones de irregularidades e ilegalidades emitidas por el Consejo Regional de Enfermería de Paraná (COREN-PR) entre los años 2018 a 2022. Método:Investigación documental, con enfoque cuantitativo, teniendo como escenariode investigación el COREN-PR. Los datos fueron recopilados de fuente primaria y del dominio público de COREN-PR sobre informes de inspección que contienen el número de notificaciones de irregularidades e ilegalidades emitidas entre los años 2018 a 2022. Los datos fueron analizados mediante análisis estadístico simple. Resultados:Hubo predominio de notificaciones de inexistencia o insuficiencia de documentos relacionados con la gestión de procesos de trabajo en el servicio de Enfermería, falta de notas de responsabilidad técnica para el servicio de enfermería, Profesionales de enfermería que no registran el proceso de Enfermería contemplando los cinco pasos recomendados, inexistencia o insuficiencia de registros relacionados con los cuidados de enfermería, inexistencia o ausencia de enfermero en el lugar donde se desarrollan las actividades de enfermería y práctica irregular de enfermería. Conclusión:Conocer el perfil de las notificaciones emitidas por el Consejo de Clase representa una guía para que los profesionales de enfermería orienten sus acciones, de acuerdo con la legislación de enfermería vigente, con miras a una atención de enfermería segura, ética y calificada.

In vitro synergic activity of diethyldithiocarbamate and 4-nitrochalcone loaded in beeswax nanoparticles against melanoma (B16F10) cells.

The use of nanoparticles as drug delivery systems to simultaneously carry several therapeutic agents is an attractive idea to create new synergic treatments and to develop the next generation of cancer therapies. Therefore, the goal of this study was the simultaneous encapsulation of a hydrophilic drug, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DETC), and a hydrophobic drug, 4-nitrochalcone (4NC), in beeswax nanoparticles (BNs) to evaluate the in vitro synergic activity of this combination against melanoma (B16F10) cells. BNs were prepared by water/oil/water double emulsion in the absence of organic solvents. Transmission electron microscopy imaging and dynamic light scattering analyses indicated the formation of BNs with a semispherical shape, average diameter below 250 nm, relatively narrow distributions, and negative zeta potential. The double emulsion technique proved to be effective for the simultaneous encapsulation of DETC and 4NC with efficiencies of 86.2% and 98.7%, respectively, and this encapsulation did not affect the physicochemical properties of the BNs. DETC and 4NC loaded in BNs exhibited a higher cytotoxicity toward B16F10 cells than free 4NC and DETC. This simultaneous encapsulation led to a synergic effect of DETC and 4NC on B16F10 cells, decreasing the cell viability from 46% (DETC BNs) and 54% (4NC BNs) to 64% (DETC+4NC BNs). Therefore, the IC50 of DETC+4NC was also lower than that of either when individually encapsulated, and that of free DETC or 4NC. Therefore, DETC and 4NC were efficiently simultaneously encapsulated in BNs and this drug combination was able to generate an in vitro synergic therapeutic effect on B16F10 cells.

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 5 Regulates Proliferation and Biosynthetic Processes in Procyclic Forms of Trypanosoma brucei.

The pathogenic protozoan T. brucei alternates into distinct developmental stages in the mammalian and insect hosts. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways transduce extracellular stimuli into a range of cellular responses, which ultimately lead to the adaptation to the external environment. Here, we combined a loss of function approach with stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based mass spectrometry (MS) to investigate the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 (MKK5) in T. brucei. The silencing of MKK5 significantly decreased the proliferation of procyclic forms of T. brucei. To shed light on the molecular alterations associated with this phenotype, we measured the total proteome and phosphoproteome of cells silenced for MKK5. In the total proteome, we observed a general decrease in proteins related to ribosome and translation as well as down-regulation of several components of the fatty acids biosynthesis pathway. In addition, we observed alterations in the protein levels and phosphorylation of key metabolic enzymes, which point toward a suppression of the oxidative metabolism. Taken together, our findings show that the silencing of MKK5 alters cell growth, energy metabolism, protein and fatty acids biosynthesis in procyclic T. brucei.

Modified native electrophoresis protocol for the solubilization and separation of mitochondrial protein complexes.

To isolate mitochondrial complexes, we have combined elements from the classic Laemmli protocol and blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) methods to develop a straightforward modified native electrophoresis protocol. This modified protocol presented good resolution for native electrophoresis of inner mitochondrial membrane proteins, where bands were easily visualized with no leftover stain or gel lanes overlap. Enzymatic tests revealed that complexes I and V remain active in the gel. This protocol, designed to overcome specific limitations of the standard protocols, provides a potential methodology to study membrane proteins in their functional form.

[Practical application of the nursing process in an adolescent suffering from a chronic disease]. / Aplicaçã o prática do processo de enfermagem a uma adolescente portadora de doenca crônica.

The purpose of this case study was to apply nursing diagnoses and interventions based on the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) Taxonomy of Nursing Diagnoses and the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) on an adolescent with secondary mellitus to cystic fibrosis and on her caretaker in order to provide them full care and guidelines. The nursing interventions were based on the following diagnoses: ineffective confrontation and stress syndrome due to alterations. These references helped us develop effective nursing interventions that provided a framework for individualized care, in addition to promoting a standardized nursing language.

Aplicação prática do processo de enfermagem a uma adolescente portadora de doença crônica / Practical application of the nursing process in an adolescent suffering from a chronic disease

O objetivo deste estudo de caso foi aplicar o processo de enfermagem fundamentado nos Padrões Funcionais de Sáude, NANDA e NIC para uma adolescente portadora de diabetes mellitus secundário a fibrose cística e seu cuidador, visando ao cuidado integral. As intervenções de enfermagem foram fundamentadas nos seguintes diagnósticos de enfermagem: enfrentamento ineficaz e síndrome de estresse por mudança. A utilização desses referenciais possibilitou-nos o desenvolvimento de intervenções de enfermagem efetivas proporcionando um cuidado individualizado, além de promover uma linguagem de enfermagem padronizada.

The purpose of this case study was to apply nursing diagnoses and interventions based on the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) Taxonomy of Nursing Diagnoses and the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) on an adolescent with secondary mellitus to cystic fibrosis and on her caretaker in order to provide them full care and guidelines. The nursing interventions were based on the following diagnoses: ineffective confrontation and stress syndrome due to alterations. These references helped us develop effective nursing interventions that provided a framework for individualized care, in addition to promoting a standardized nursing language.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue aplicar el proceso de enfermería fundamentados en la Taxonomia de los Diagnósticos de Enfermería de la North American Nursing Diagnosis Association - NANDA y en la clasificación de las intervenciones de la Enfermería - NIC respectivamente, para una joven portadora de diabetes mellitus secundaria a la fibrosis quística y su cuidador, visando el atención integral. Las intervenciones de enfermería fueron fundamentadas en los siguientes diagnósticos: enfrentamiento ineficaz y síndrome de estrés por cambio. La utilización de esos referenciales nos ha posibilitado el desarrollo de las intervenciones de enfermería efectivas proporcionando el cuidado individual, además de promover un lenguaje estándar de enfermería.