RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Effective and clear communication between the dentist and dental technician plays a vital role in rendering quality prostheses for patients. When fabricating a removable dental prosthesis, it is uncertain if the information received by the dental laboratory technician is clear and sufficient. This investigation aimed to assess dental technicians' perceptions of the quality of dentists' communication on the fabrication of removable partial dentures (RPDs) in Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: After obtaining the institutional review board (IRB) approval from Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, a cross-sectional survey on a convenient sample of 115 dental technicians registered with the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties was conducted in January 2022. The voluntary participation of 94 technicians fabricating RPDs was included. A 19-item online questionnaire was developed, including quality of written instruction, selection of impression trays, and impression materials for RPD fabrication, shared through Google Docs. Descriptive statistics were tabulated, and responses were displayed as a percentage of the total. RESULTS: Of the 94 study subjects, 35% had less than five years of experience, 44% stated that they routinely receive work authorizations with clear instructions, 13% always used digital technology to fabricate prostheses, and 58% reported difficulty with communicated work authorization by dentists having less than five years of experience. Thirty-three respondents (35.1%) reported that 75% or more of the fabricated partial dentures were cast framework partials. Thirty-three respondents (35.1%) indicated that the master casts received for partial framework construction were usually accurate. Tooth alterations, however, were reported as usually adequate by only 28 respondents (29.8%). For creating the artificial gingiva portion of cast partials, 56 respondents (59.6%) preferred heat-cured acrylic resin. Furthermore, 40 respondents (42.6%) said that 75% or more of the requested partials were entirely made out of acrylic resin. Regarding case design discussions, 26 respondents (27.7%) always engaged with dentists, while 39 (41.5%) did so occasionally. CONCLUSION: The obtained assessments pointed to the fact that dental technicians expressed a perception of inadequacy regarding the work authorizations provided by dentists for the fabrication of RPDs, where they seemingly felt that the instructions conveyed by the dentists were not sufficiently comprehensive or clear.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The Government of India issued an undertaking in the Supreme Court mandating pictorial health warnings (PHWs) on packages of tobacco products from 31st May, 2009 under " Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act " (COTPA) guidelines. This constitutes a key economic channel for educating people on devastating health impacts of deadly products within in a vivid and memorable way. Few studies have investigated PHWs on tobacco products marketed in India. OBJECTIVES: To assess met guidelines for pictorial health warnings under packaging and labeling rules on packages of collected tobacco products specified by COTPA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Snowball/network sampling design was followed to obtain samples of 37 different tobacco brands, 18 in smoking form (12 cigarette, 6 bidi brands) and 19 in smokeless form (4 chewing tobacco, 11 Gutkha and 4 Khaini brands) marketed at retail outlets at Muradnagar. They were analyzed for their compliance with guidelines through checklist by one calibrated examiner. RESULTS: PHWs were absent on packages of 5 tobacco brands. Fifteen tobacco brands had PHWs smaller than stipulated 40% of principal display area; 6 brands of bidis had PHWs on deceptive backgrounds, 3 of which were placed on a curved axis. Misleading descriptors and promotional messages were also present. CONCLUSION: Locally marketed tobacco products were not compliant with packaging and labeling rules specified by COTPA. This highlights the need for more stringent implementation of COTPA guidelines to combat the ever-growing tobacco menace.
