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1.
Environ Toxicol ; 2024 Apr 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38567678

RESUMO

Although the stimulative effects on the normal behaviors of fish posed by ketamine (KET) were well-studied, the adverse effects on the behavioral functions induced by KET at nighttime were unknown. Here, we used zebrafish larvae as a model exposed to KET (10, 50, 100, and 250 ng/L) at environmental levels for 21 days. The behavioral functions at nighttime, morphological changes during exposure stage, and alterations on the associated genes transcriptional levels of fish were determined. The difficultly initiating sleep was found in the fish exposed to KET, while the sleep duration of the animals was at the normal levels in exposure groups. The significant suppressions of the developmentally relevant genes, including bmp2, bmp4, and pth2ra were consistent with the developmental abnormalities of fish found in exposure groups. Moreover, the expression of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor increased and melatonin (MTN) receptor decreased while the levels of GABA and MTN remained unchanged after exposure, by gene expression analysis and molecular docking. In addition, the transcriptional expression of apoptotic genes, including tp53, aifm1, and casp6, was significantly upregulated by KET. After a 7-day recovery, the insomnia-like behaviors (shorter sleep duration) were observed in zebrafish from the 250 ng/L-KET group. Accordingly, the adverse outcome pathway framework of KET was constructed by prognostic assessment of zebrafish larvae. This study suggested that the adverse outcomes of KET on the sleep health of organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations should be concerned.

2.
Sci Total Environ ; 926: 172027, 2024 May 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38552982

RESUMO

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) posed injury for gastrointestinal and respiratory systems, ascribing with the lung-gut axis. However, the cross-talk mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we attempted to establish the response networks of lung-gut axis in mice exposed to PM2.5 at environmental levels. Male Balb/c mice were exposed to PM2.5 (dose of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg) collected from Chengdu, China for 10 weeks, through intratracheally instillation, and examined the effect of PM2.5 on lung functions of mice. The changes of lung and gut microbiota and metabolic profiles of mice in different groups were determined. Furthermore, the results of multi-omics were conjointly analyzed to elucidate the primary microbes and the associated metabolites in lung and gut responsible for PM2.5 exposure. Accordingly, the cross-talk network and key pathways between lung-gut axis were established. The results indicated that exposed to PM2.5 0.1 mg/kg induced obvious inflammations in mice lung, while emphysema was observed at 1.0 mg/kg. The levels of metabolites guanosine, hypoxanthine, and hepoxilin B3 increased in the lung might contribute to lung inflammations in exposure groups. For microbiotas in lung, PM2.5 exposure significantly declined the proportions of Halomonas and Lactobacillus. Meanwhile, the metabolites in gut including L-tryptophan, serotonin, and spermidine were up-regulated in exposure groups, which were linked to the decreasing of Oscillospira and Helicobacter in gut. Via lung-gut axis, the activations of pathways including Tryptophan metabolism, ABC transporters, Serotonergic synapse, and Linoleic acid metabolism contributed to the cross-talk between lung and gut tissues of mice mediated by PM2.5. In summary, the microbes including Lactobacillus, Oscillospira, and Parabacteroides, and metabolites including hepoxilin B3, guanosine, hypoxanthine, L-tryptophan, and spermidine were the main drivers. In this lung-gut axis study, we elucidated some pro- and pre-biotics in lung and gut microenvironments contributed to the adverse effects on lung functions induced by PM2.5 exposure.


Assuntos
Poluentes Atmosféricos , Lesão Pulmonar , Masculino , Camundongos , Animais , Lesão Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Poluentes Atmosféricos/toxicidade , Poluentes Atmosféricos/metabolismo , Triptofano , Multiômica , Espermidina/metabolismo , Espermidina/farmacologia , Pulmão , Material Particulado/toxicidade , Material Particulado/metabolismo , Guanosina/metabolismo , Guanosina/farmacologia , Hipoxantinas/metabolismo , Hipoxantinas/farmacologia
3.
Front Plant Sci ; 14: 1161257, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37360712

RESUMO

Introduction: Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel (A. oxyphylla), one of the "Four Famous South Medicines" in China, is an essential understory cash crop that is planted widely in the Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Fujian provinces. Particularly, A. oxyphylla from Hainan province is highly valued as the best national product for geo-herbalism and is an important indicator of traditional Chinese medicine efficacy. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the formation of its quality remains unspecified. Methods: To this end, we employed a multi-omics approach to investigate the authentic quality formation of A. oxyphylla. Results: In this study, we present a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of A. oxyphylla, with contig N50 of 76.96 Mb and a size of approximately 2.08Gb. A total of 38,178 genes were annotated, and the long terminal repeats were found to have a high frequency of 61.70%. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a recent whole-genome duplication event (WGD), which occurred before A. oxyphylla's divergence from W. villosa (~14 Mya) and is shared by other species from the Zingiberaceae family (Ks, ~0.3; 4DTv, ~0.125). Further, 17 regions from four provinces were comprehensively assessed for their metabolite content, and the quality of these four regions varied significantly. Finally, genomic, metabolic, and transcriptomic analyses undertaken on these regions revealed that the content of nootkatone in Hainan was significantly different from that in other provinces. Discussion: Overall, our findings provide novel insights into germplasm conservation, geo-herbalism evaluation, and functional genomic research for the medicinal plant A. oxyphylla.

4.
Aging Med (Milton) ; 5(3): 191-203, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36247340

RESUMO

Malnutrition is a state of altered body composition and body cell mass due to inadequate intake or utilization of energy or nutrients, leading to physical and mental dysfunction and impaired clinical outcomes. As one of the most common geriatric syndromes, malnutrition in the elderly is a significant risk factor for poor clinical outcomes, causing a massive burden on medical resources and society. The risk factors for malnutrition in the elderly are diverse and include demographics, chronic diseases, and psychosocial factors. Presently, recommendations for the prevention and intervention of malnutrition in the elderly are not clear or consistent in China. This consensus is based on the latest global evidence and multiregional clinical experience in China, which aims to standardize the prevention and intervention of malnutrition in the elderly in China and improve the efficacy of clinical practice and the prognosis of elderly patients.

5.
Int J Med Sci ; 19(7): 1122-1130, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35919814

RESUMO

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection causes immune response and produces protective antibodies, and these changes may persist after patients discharged from hospital. Methods: This study conducted a one-year follow-up study on patients with COVID-19 to observe the dynamic changes of circulating leukocyte subsets and virus-specific antibodies. Results: A total of 66 patients with COVID-19 and 213 healthy patients with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were included. The virus-specific total antibody, IgG and IgM antibody of patients after one year of recovery were higher than those of healthy vaccinated participants (94.13 vs 4.65, 2.67 vs 0.44, 0.09 vs 0.06, respectively) (P < 0.001). Neutrophil count (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.10-2.70, P = 0.016) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.05-2.41, P = 0.030) at discharge were the influencing factors for the positivity of virus-specific IgG antibody in patients after one year of recovery. The counts of CD4+ and CD8+ T, B and NK cells increased with the time of recovery, and remained basically stable from 9 to 12 months after discharge. After 12 months, the positivity of IgG antibody was 85.3% and IgM was 11.8%, while the virus-specific antibody changed dynamically in patients within one year after discharge. Conclusions: The SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody of recovered patients showed dynamic fluctuation after discharge, while the leukocyte subsets gradually increased and basically stabilized after 9 months.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Anticorpos Antivirais , Vacinas contra COVID-19 , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G , Leucócitos , SARS-CoV-2
6.
J Hazard Mater ; 431: 128653, 2022 06 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35359108

RESUMO

The experimental evidences linking PM2.5 exposure to weight status disorder and the associated mechanisms were lacked. Here, we demonstrated exposure of 198.52 µg/m3 PM2.5 (Baoji city, China) for 40 days induced body weight loss of male Balb/C mice, and then increased after 14-day recovery. Correspondingly, gut microbiota dysbiosis, ileum metabolism alterations, and histopathological changes of liver and ileum elucidated the underlying mechanism. The richness and function modules of flora in feces significantly reduced after exposure, and the ratios of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes reduced from 1.58 to 0.79. At genus level, Lactobacillus and Clostridium increased markedly, while Bacteroides and Parabacteroides decreased at day 40. After recovery, Oscillospira became the dominant genus. Additionally, the key metabolites in the ileum mediated by PM2.5 identified by metabolomics included arachidonic acid, prostaglandin H2, prostaglandin F2α, 5(S)-HPETE, AMP, and deoxyadenosine. Accordingly, conjoint analysis between the gut micorbiota and metabolic profiling revealed suppression of Arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and PPAR signaling pathway and stimulation of ABC transporters might contribute to the liver injury, ileum inflammation, and then weight loss of mice. Our findings suggested PM2.5 affected weight status of mice by meditating intestinal microenvironment, and provided new insight for further diagnosis of the air pollution dependent disease.


Assuntos
Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Animais , Masculino , Metabolômica , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Muco , Material Particulado/toxicidade , Redução de Peso
7.
Chemosphere ; 288(Pt 2): 132486, 2022 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34637863

RESUMO

Although ketamine (KET) has been widely detected in aquatic environments, the ecotoxicity data in aquatic invertebrates and associated risk remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the adverse effects on benthos (Caenorhabditis elegans (C.elegans)) posed by KET from chronic (10 days) and multigenerational (four generations) exposure. Such exposure induced dose-dependent alterations on apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction, locomotion activity, feeding rate, chemotaxis, and brood size of nematodes, showing a cumulative damage through generations. KET posed vulva deformations and worm bags of C. elegans with a dosed-dependent increase. As a consequence, the fecundity and viability of worms would be impaired, which could eventually impact aquatic ecosystem equilibrium. Meanwhile, the bioactivation/detoxification process of xenobiotics and longevity regulating pathway induced by KET might be responsible for the physiological function disorders. Accordingly, the risk quotients (RQ) of KET in surface water in China were calculated using the 90% indicator protection concentration (C0.1) derived from multiple toxicity indicators cumulative analyses. The results would be more objective considering numerous biomarkers changes of one species in comparison with traditional method using no observed effect concentrations (NOEC) of teratogenesis. The risk in surface water in southern China was up to high level (RQ > 1), suggesting long-term monitoring was imperative.


Assuntos
Caenorhabditis elegans , Ketamina , Animais , China , Ecossistema , Ketamina/toxicidade , Medição de Risco
8.
Int J Gen Med ; 14: 7207-7217, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34737616

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Some studies have shown that patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) still have sequelae after discharge. However, little is known about the long-term physical and psychological sequelae of patients, especially factors that influenced the prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with COVID-19 were followed up for 6 months. The psychological status of patients was evaluated by DASS-21 questionnaire, while physical functions were determined using medical history, laboratory examination, thoracic computed tomography (CT), and echocardiography. RESULTS: Fifty patients infected with COVID-19 were enrolled, and 11 (22%) patients still showed symptoms related to COVID-19. The mean contents (cells/ul) of CD3+ cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T, B lymphocytes and NK cells of the survivors elevated significantly after 6-month discharge (P < 0.001). The frequency of ground-glass opacities and consolidations decreased from 90% to 42% (P < 0.001), and 54% to 20%, (P = 0.001), respectively, while the changes of reticulation and bronchiectasis were insignificant (P > 0.05). The frequency of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction decreased from 40% to 15% (P = 0.002). Depression was observed in 5 (12.5%) participants, stress in 3 (7.5%), anxiety in 6 (15%), and among them 1 (2.5%) showed extremely severe anxiety. Covariation analysis elucidated age might be a risk factor (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.18, P = 0.038), while NK cell was a good prognostic factor for pulmonary recovery. The comorbidities were significantly positive correlated with persist pulmonary damage (r = 0.33, P = 0.020). Compared with patients with antiviral therapy, patients without antiviral therapy had higher anxiety score (3 vs 0, P = 0.033). CONCLUSION: After 6-month discharge, the persisting cardiopulmonary damage was observed in recovery patients, and psychological implications should not be ignored. Age, comorbidities, NK cell and antiviral therapy might be associated with the prognosis of COVID-19.

9.
Nat Commun ; 12(1): 6500, 2021 11 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34764257

RESUMO

Lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) arise from precancerous lesions such as atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, which progress into adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, then finally into invasive adenocarcinoma. The cellular heterogeneity and molecular events underlying this stepwise progression remain unclear. In this study, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing of 268,471 cells collected from 25 patients in four histologic stages of LUAD and compare them to normal cell types. We detect a group of cells closely resembling alveolar type 2 cells (AT2) that emerged during atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and whose transcriptional profile began to diverge from that of AT2 cells as LUAD progressed, taking on feature characteristic of stem-like cells. We identify genes related to energy metabolism and ribosome synthesis that are upregulated in early stages of LUAD and may promote progression. MDK and TIMP1 could be potential biomarkers for understanding LUAD pathogenesis. Our work shed light on the underlying transcriptional signatures of distinct histologic stages of LUAD progression and our findings may facilitate early diagnosis.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma de Pulmão/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Ribossomos/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma de Pulmão/genética , Linhagem da Célula , Metabolismo Energético/genética , Metabolismo Energético/fisiologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Midkina/genética , Midkina/metabolismo , Ribossomos/genética , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1/genética , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1/metabolismo
10.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 224: 112661, 2021 Aug 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34416640

RESUMO

Some epidemiological evidences showed exposure of airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was associated with lung dysfunction. However, the adverse effects of PM2.5 from mid-scale city of China on the respiratory system were unknown. Correspondingly, the mechanisms, especially the epigenetic mechanism regulated by miRNAs, involved in PM2.5-induced lung injury has not been fully understood. In this study, male Balb/C mice were exposed to PM2.5 collected from mid-scale city (Baoji), China for 8 weeks (mean concentration 298.52 ± 25.86 µg/m3 at exposure chamber) using a whole-body exposure system. The carbon component was the main ingredient (45.80%) of PM2.5 followed by ions (43.19%). Meanwhile, the sum concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes (C18-C33) were 570.48 and 2029.13 ng/m3 in the exposure chamber, respectively. Obvious lung injury including pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis (p < 0.05 compared with the control) were found from PM2.5 exposure group determined by micro-CT and histopathological assays, respectively, suggesting the health risk posed by PM2.5 from mid-scale city of China should be concerned. The integrated analysis between mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq revealed the differentially expression genes in lung tissues were enriched in immune pathways including B cell receptor signaling (p = 0.078) and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) (p = 0.0068). The expression profiles of the genes and corresponding mRNAs involved into the immune pathways determined by RT-qPCR analysis were consistent with them conducted by transcriptome. Moreover, the expression levels of the proteins (i.e., CD19, CD81, PIK3CD, and CD22) involved into B cell receptor signaling pathway from exposure group were 1.71- to 6.948- folds compared with the control, validating the results of the genes expression profiles. Further, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and multiple correlation analysis between the target genes and components of PM2.5 documented the organic compounds (i.e., Benzo(a)pyrene (p = 0.012) and octadecane (p = 0.05)) and inorganic elements (i.e., Cl-, Ti, Al, and Zn) was the key environmental factors. Cd19, Pik3cd, and Cd8b1 might be the key genes for lung dysfunction induced by PM2.5 illuminated using interactive analysis (p < 0.05). This work for the first time showed the adverse effects of PM2.5 in mid-scale city in China on respiratory system should be concerned, and the associated epigenetic mechanism regulated by miRNA were revealed. These results may provide new insight into the development of future assessment on the air pollution associated respiratory disease.

11.
Front Med (Lausanne) ; 8: 715513, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34368203

RESUMO

Background: Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome and is described as a limited ability to compensate and recover from stressors. Lung cancer is largely diagnosed in old age, when frailty is common and might have predictive value on prognosis. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to evaluate the prognostic role of frailty in lung cancer. Methods: The online PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang literature databases were searched to identify all related articles that reported the predictive value of frailty for mortality and therapeutic toxicity. Review Manager 5.3 was used to analyze results by standard meta-analysis methodology. Results: Seven studies were included in this review, and only six studies with 2,359 patients were enrolled in meta-analysis. Patients in two studies received chemotherapy, two studies radiotherapy, two studies surgery, one study not reported. Compared to non-frail patients, frail patients had a higher risk of overall mortality [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.32-1.87], and therapeutic toxicity [Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.60, 95% CI, 0.82-8.24]. Prefrail patients also showed higher overall mortality and therapeutic toxicity than non-frail patients (HR = 1.20, 95% CI, 1.05-1.38; OR = 1.72, 95% CI, 1.18-2.51, respectively). Conclusions: Frailty is a powerful predictor of overall mortality and therapeutic toxicity in lung cancer patients.

12.
Environ Pollut ; 288: 117696, 2021 Nov 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34243081

RESUMO

Evidence about the adverse effects of methamphetamine (METH) on invertebrates is scarce. Hence, C. elegans, a representative invertebrate model, was exposed to METH at environmental levels to estimate chronic and transgenerational toxicity. The results of chronic exposure were integrated into an underlying toxicity framework of METH in invertebrates (e.g., benthos) at environmentally relevant concentrations. The induction of cellular oxidative damage-induced apoptosis and fluctuation of ecologically important traits (i.e., feeding and locomotion) might be attributed by the activation of the longevity regulating pathway regulated by DAF-16/FOXO, and detoxification by CYP family enzymes. The adverse effects to the organism level included impaired viability and decreased fecundity. The results from transgenerational exposure elucidated the cumulative METH-induced damage in invertebrates. Finally, a new risk assessment method named toxicity indicator sensitivity distribution (TISD) analysis was proposed by combining multiple toxicity indicator test data (ECx) to derive the hazardous concentration for 10% indicators (C10) of one species. The risk quotient (RQ) values calculated by measured environmental concentrations and C10 in southern China, southeastern Australia, and the western US crossed the alarm line (RQ = 5), suggesting a need for long-term monitoring.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Metanfetamina , Animais , Caenorhabditis elegans , Locomoção , Longevidade , Metanfetamina/toxicidade
13.
Int J Med Sci ; 18(10): 2228-2234, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33859531

RESUMO

Background: It has been shown that the prognosis of malignant tumors was closely related to the composition and function of immune system, which was associated with genomic features. However, the prognostic value of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets and its relationship with genomic features in lung cancer has not been analyzed extensively. Therefore, this study was intended to evaluate the relationship between lymphocyte subsets and the prognosis and genomic features of lung cancer. Methods: 598 lung cancer patients with complete data were included in this study between 2011 and 2018. Kaplan-Meier method and Pearson analyses were conducted to study the prognostic value of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes and the rate of CD4/CD8. Results: Patients with EGFR mutation has lower mean percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes than patients with EGFR wild-type (24.71 versus 26.62, respectively, P=0.041). Patients with high CD3 had better OS than those with low (27 versus 14 months, P=0.002). Patients with higher CD4 and CD4/CD8 rate had longer OS than with lower (27 versus 12 months, P=0.002; 25 versus 9 months, P=0.008, respectively). Patients with high CD8 had poor PFS than low group (6 versus 11 months, P=0.009). There was a negative correlation between CD3+ and CD4+ cells and OS in smoking stage Ⅱ female lung cancer patients (PCC = 0.626, P<0.05; PCC = 0.534, P<0.05, respectively). In stage Ⅰ male lung cancer patients, CD8+T cell is negatively correlated with OS and PFS (PCC = 0.295, P<0.05; PCC = 0.280, P<0.05, respectively) Conclusions: Lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation had lower percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes. Lymphocyte subsets might be potential prognostic biomarkers of lung cancer, but they are affected by gender and tumor stage.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Receptores ErbB/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Pulmonares/sangue , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Contagem de Linfócitos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mutação , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Intervalo Livre de Progressão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco/métodos , Adulto Jovem
14.
Cancer Res ; 79(19): 4840-4854, 2019 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31209061

RESUMO

Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is a major cancer type whose epigenetic alteration remains unclear. We analyzed open chromatin data with matched whole-genome sequencing and RNA-seq data of 50 primary NSCLC cases. We observed high interpatient heterogeneity of open chromatin profiles and the degree of heterogeneity correlated to several clinical parameters. Lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) exhibited distinct open chromatin patterns. Beyond this, we uncovered that the broadest open chromatin peaks indicated key NSCLC genes and led to less stable expression. Furthermore, we found that the open chromatin peaks were gained or lost together with somatic copy number alterations and affected the expression of important NSCLC genes. In addition, we identified 21 joint-quantitative trait loci (joint-QTL) that correlated to both assay for transposase accessible chromatin sequencing peak intensity and gene expression levels. Finally, we identified 87 regulatory risk loci associated with lung cancer-related phenotypes by intersecting the QTLs with genome-wide association study significant loci. In summary, this compendium of multiomics data provides valuable insights and a resource to understand the landscape of open chromatin features and regulatory networks in NSCLC. SIGNIFICANCE: This study utilizes state of the art genomic methods to differentiate lung cancer subtypes.See related commentary by Bowcock, p. 4808.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Cromatina , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Humanos
15.
Plast Reconstr Surg ; 143(3): 711-721, 2019 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30601325

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Choosing implant shape (round or anatomical) is one of the most essential yet controversial decisions in cosmetic breast augmentation. Many surgeons choose implant shape based on personal experience or expert opinion. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the aesthetic effect between anatomical and round implants in primary cosmetic breast augmentation. METHODS: The authors searched the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases for studies that compared anatomical and round implants in primary cosmetic breast augmentation. Primary outcomes were postoperative aesthetic effect and correct identification rate of implant shape. Random effects models were used to obtain pooled standardized mean difference and 95 percent confidence intervals. RESULTS: One randomized comparative and four observational comparative studies met the inclusion criteria. No aesthetic superiority was found in the anatomical implant group with regard to overall appearance (standardized mean difference, 0.06; 95 percent CI, -0.40 to 0.53), naturalness (standardized mean difference, 0.18; 95 percent CI, -1.51 to 1.15), projection, upper pole contour, and lower pole contour. Pooled correct identification rate of implant shape by plastic surgeons was 52 percent (95 percent CI, 0.46 to 0.58). CONCLUSIONS: Generally, anatomical implants do not seem to have an aesthetic superiority compared to round implants. Plastic surgeons seemed to be unable to accurately differentiate the two implant shapes in vivo. Further studies should focus on identifying the specific indications for the use of anatomical implants.


Assuntos
Implante Mamário/instrumentação , Implantes de Mama , Mama/anatomia & histologia , Estética , Mama/cirurgia , Implante Mamário/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
16.
Postgrad Med J ; 94(1116): 578-587, 2018 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30333134

RESUMO

The detection of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a novel method for lung cancer diagnosis. However, the diagnostic efficacy of lncRNA in different studies is inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to elucidate the diagnostic efficacy of lncRNA in identification of lung cancer including small cell lung cancer. The online PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, CNKI and Wanfang literature databases were searched to identify all related articles about the diagnostic efficacy of lncRNA for lung cancer. 28 articles including 3044 patients with lung cancer and 2598 controls were enrolled in our meta-analysis. lncRNA sustained a high diagnostic efficacy, pooled sensitivity of 0.82 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.84), specificity of 0.82 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.84) and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.88 (95% CI 0.85 to 0.91) in identification of patients with lung cancer from controls. Furthermore, the diagnostic efficacy of paralleled lncRNA was better than single lncRNA (sensitivity: 0.86 vs 0.80; specificity: 0.88 vs 0.78; AUC: 0.93 vs 0.86). MALAT1 had a better diagnostic efficacy than GAS5 (AUC: 0.90 vs 0.81; sensitivity: 0.83 vs 0.70; specificity: 0.83 vs 0.78). lncRNA in tissues was observed to achieve lower diagnostic efficacy than that in plasma or serum (AUC: 0.87 vs 0.90 vs 0.90) when stratified by sample types. In summary, our meta-analysis suggests that lncRNA might be a promising biomarker(s) for identifying lung cancer and the combination of lncRNA or with other biomarkers had a better diagnostic efficacy.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Área Sob a Curva , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Curva ROC , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
17.
J Hum Lact ; 34(3): 424-432, 2018 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29932861

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Aesthetic breast implant augmentation surgery is the most popular plastic surgery worldwide. Many women choose to receive breast implants during their reproductive ages, although the long-term effects are still controversial. Research aim: We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the influence of aesthetic breast augmentation on breastfeeding. We also compared the exclusive breastfeeding rates of periareolar versus inframammary incision. METHODS: A systematic search for comparative studies about breast implants and breastfeeding was performed in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science through May 2018. Meta-analysis was conducted with a random-effects model (or fixed effects, if heterogeneity was absent). RESULTS: Four cohorts and one cross-sectional study were included. There was a significant reduction in the exclusive breastfeeding rate for women with breast implants compared with women without implants, pooled relative risk = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [0.46, 0.86], as well as the breastfeeding rate, pooled relative risk = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [0.81, 0.95]. There was no evidence that periareolar incision was associated with a reduction in the exclusive breastfeeding rate, pooled relative risk = 0.84, 95% confidence interval [0.45, 1.58]. CONCLUSION: Participants with breast implants are less likely to establish breastfeeding, especially exclusive breastfeeding. Periareolar incision does not appear to reduce the exclusive breastfeeding rate.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno/métodos , Implantes de Mama/efeitos adversos , Humanos
18.
J Ophthalmol ; 2018: 2501325, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30607294

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of cataract surgery on subfoveal choroid thickness (SFCT) using enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Relevant publications were searched systematically through various databases from inception to March 2018. The unit of choroidal thickness measurements is micrometers. Studies comparing SFCT before and after cataract surgery were retrieved. All qualified articles were analyzed using RevMan 5.3. RESULTS: A total of 13 studies with 802 eyes from 646 patients were identified for inclusion. There was a significant increase of SFCT at 1 week (MD = 6.62, 95% CI: 1.20-12.05, P=0.02, I2 = 0%), 1 month (MD = 8.30, 95% CI: 3.20-13.39, P=0.001, I2 = 0%), and 3 months (MD = 8.28, 95% CI: 1.84-14.73, P=0.01, I2 = 0%) after cataract surgery. In subgroup analysis, SFCT in Asians and patients without nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in postoperative medication was significantly thicker (P < 0.05). No statistically significant increase of SFCT was found in diabetic mellitus (DM) patients for 1 day (P=0.89), 1 week (P=0.59), 1 month (P=0.52), and 3 months (P=0.42) after cataract surgery. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggested that SFCT increased since 1 week after the cataract surgery and the increase lasted for at least 3 months. Asians and patients without NSAIDs in postoperative medication were more likely to have a thicker SFCT after cataract surgery, whereas DM patients were less likely to increase in SFCT.

19.
Nat Prod Res ; 30(20): 2344-9, 2016 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27222912

RESUMO

A new diarylheptanoid analogue-bearing sesquiterpene moiety, named Alpinisin A, was isolated from the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum Hance. The new structure was determined by various spectroscopic techniques (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR), (13)C-attached proton test ((13)C-APT), heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC), heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC), (1)H-(1)H correlation spectroscopy ((1)H-(1)HCOSY), nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) and high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). The compound was tested for cytotoxic activity in vitro against human tumour cell lines (gastric carcinoma cell -7901 (SGC-7901), Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) and Caski), which showed significant inhibitory effects with IC50 levels of 11.42, 15.14 and 14.78 µM, respectively. The novel chemical structure characterised with a diarylheptanoid linked to a chain-like sesquiterpenoid should be highlighted.


Assuntos
Alpinia/química , Diarileptanoides/química , Sesquiterpenos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura Molecular , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Rizoma/química , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray
20.
Neuron ; 78(3): 483-97, 2013 May 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23664615

RESUMO

Regulation of neuronal excitability and cardiac excitation-contraction coupling requires the proper localization of L-type Ca²âº channels. We show that the actin-binding protein α-actinin binds to the C-terminal surface targeting motif of α11.2, the central pore-forming Ca(V)1.2 subunit, in order to foster its surface expression. Disruption of α-actinin function by dominant-negative or small hairpin RNA constructs reduces Ca(V)1.2 surface localization in human embryonic kidney 293 and neuronal cultures and dendritic spine localization in neurons. We demonstrate that calmodulin displaces α-actinin from their shared binding site on α11.2 upon Ca²âº influx through L-type channels, but not through NMDAR, thereby triggering loss of Ca(V)1.2 from spines. Coexpression of a Ca²âº-binding-deficient calmodulin mutant does not affect basal Ca(V)1.2 surface expression but inhibits its internalization upon Ca²âº influx. We conclude that α-actinin stabilizes Ca(V)1.2 at the plasma membrane and that its displacement by Ca²âº-calmodulin triggers Ca²âº-induced endocytosis of Ca(V)1.2, thus providing an important negative feedback mechanism for Ca²âº influx.


Assuntos
Actinina/metabolismo , Canais de Cálcio Tipo L/metabolismo , Calmodulina/metabolismo , Espinhas Dendríticas/metabolismo , Neurônios/metabolismo , Sítios de Ligação , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Endocitose/fisiologia , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/metabolismo
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