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A novel Fe-MoOx nanozyme, engineered with enhanced peroxidase (POD)-like activity through strategic doping and the creation of oxygen vacancies, is introduced to catalyze the oxidation of TMB with high efficiency. Furthermore, Fe-MoOx is responsive to single electron transfer (SET) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanisms related to antioxidants and can serve as a desirable nanozyme for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) determination. The TAC colorimetric platform can reach a low LOD of 0.512 µM in solution and 24.316 µM in the smartphone-mediated RGB hydrogel (AA as the standard). As proof of concept, the practical application in real samples was explored. The work paves a promising avenue to design diverse nanozymes for visual on-site inspection of food quality.
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Antioxidantes , Colorimetria , Oxirredução , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/análise , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Colorimetria/métodos , Catálise , Molibdênio/química , Limite de Detecção , Ferro/química , Benzidinas/química , Smartphone , Hidrogéis/química , Transporte de Elétrons , Técnicas Biossensoriais/métodos , Óxidos/químicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), and provide reference for rational clinical medication. METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Clinical Trials Website, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from the time of establishment until January 6, 2024, to compile a list of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including upadacitinib in the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Systematic Review. Review Manager 5.3 software was utilized for statistical analysis of outcome measures. RESULTS: A total of five studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results revealed that the 15 mg and 30 mg upadacitinib significantly improved Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 75% {[Odds Ratio (OR) = 8.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) (5.84-12.60), P < 0.00001] [OR = 15.62, 95% CI (10.89-22.42), P < 0.00001]}, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) ≥ 4 {[OR = 7.13, 95% CI (5.63-9.01), P < 0.00001] [OR = 11.30, 95% CI (8.93-14.31), P < 0.00001]}, and Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) 0/1 {[OR = 8.63, 95% CI (6.60-11.27), P < 0.00001] [OR = 16.04, 95% CI (12.26-20.99), P < 0.00001]} compared to placebo. In terms of safety, although 15 mg and 30 mg upadacitinib significantly increased the overall adverse events rate compared to placebo {[OR = 1.31, 95% CI (1.09-1.58), P = 0.004] [OR = 1.85, 95% CI (1.54-2.21), P < 0.00001]}, there was no significant difference in the serious adverse events rate {[OR = 0.73, 95% CI (0.41-1.29), P = 0.28] [OR = 0.69, 95% CI (0.39-1.23), P = 0.21]} and withdrawal rate due to adverse events {[OR = 0.66, 95% CI (0.39-1.11), P = 0.12] [OR = 0.85, 95% CI (0.52-1.38), P = 0.50]} compared to placebo. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis preliminarily suggests that upadacitinib is effective and safe for usage in the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD. Additionally, upadacitinib can instantly relieve itchiness and effectively reduce symptoms and signs, with its 30-mg dose being more effective than the 15-mg dose.
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Dermatite Atópica , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis , Humanos , Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/uso terapêutico , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/efeitos adversos , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/administração & dosagem , Resultado do Tratamento , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
Background: Prognostic assessment for colorectal cancer (CRC) displays substantial heterogeneity, as reliance solely on traditional TNM staging falls short of achieving precise individualized predictions. The integration of diverse biological information sources holds the potential to enhance prognostic accuracy. Objective: To establish a comprehensive multi-tiered precision prognostic evaluation system for CRC by amalgamating gene expression profiles, clinical characteristics, and tumor microsatellite instability (MSI) status in CRC patients. Methods: We integrated genomic data, clinical information, and survival follow-up data from 483 CRC patients obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. MSI-related gene modules were identified using differential expression analysis and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Three prognostic models were constructed: MSI-Related Gene Prognostic Model (Model I), Clinical Prognostic Model (Model II), and Integrated Multi-Layered Prognostic Model (Model III) by combining clinical features. Model performance was assessed and compared using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and other methods. Results: Six MSI-related genes were selected for constructing Model I (AUC = 0.724); Model II used two clinical features (AUC = 0.684). Compared to individual models, the integrated Model III exhibited superior performance (AUC = 0.825) and demonstrated good stability in an independent dataset (AUC = 0.767). Conclusion: This study successfully developed and validated a comprehensive multi-tiered precision prognostic assessment model for CRC, providing an effective tool for personalized medical management of CRC.
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INTRODUCTION: Midgut volvulus in adults based on congenital malrotation, which required emergency surgery, may occur under the stimulation of adverse factors and is rare and easy to be misdiagnosed. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A young male was taken to the emergency room of a local hospital after six hours abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) shows intestinal volvulus and exploratory laparotomy was performed. Postoperative CT revealed remission of small intestinal torsion and congenital malrotation of the midgut. The patient vomited frequently within 48 h after the surgery, and was transferred to our hospital for conservative treatment. After 4 days of conservative treatment, the vomiting symptoms were relieved at first, but worsened again after a liquid diet. CT showed complete duodenal obstruction and exploratory laparotomy was performed again. Congenital malrotation was found, which resulted in midgut volvulus and duodenal obstruction due to anomalous fixation of the mesentery. The bowel was placed in normal anatomical position, and the mesentery was sutured to the posterior abdominal wall. The patient was followed up for 24 months with no complaints. DISCUSSION: Due to the rare incidence and atypical pain clinical manifestations, it is difficult for the congenital malrotation in adults to be diagnosed. Midgut volvulus in adults with malrotation is even rarer and requires emergency operation, and may be misdiagnosed. CONCLUSION: Midgut volvulus with midgut malrotation is very rare in adults. Exploratory laparotomy must be careful to reduce misdiagnosis and recurrence of volvulus.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) on the short-term and long-term outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with and without clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH). METHODS: A systematic literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases was performed for articles published from inception to March 1, 2023. Meta-analysis of surgical and oncological outcomes was performed using a random effects model. Data were summarized as mean difference and risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Five cohort studies with a total of 310 HCC patients were included (CSPH 143; Non-CSPH 167). In terms of surgical outcomes, estimated blood loss and the length of hospital stay were significantly lower in the Non-CSPH group than in the CSPH group. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding other surgical outcomes, including the operative time, ratio of conversion to open surgery, and overall complication rate. In addition, there were also no significant differences between the two groups regarding the oncological outcomes, such as 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: HCC patients with and without CSPH who underwent LH had comparable surgical and oncological outcomes. LH is a safe and effective treatment for HCC patients with CSPH under the premise of rational screening of patients.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Hipertensão Portal , Laparoscopia , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/complicações , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Hepatectomia/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Hipertensão Portal/complicações , Hipertensão Portal/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Tempo de Internação , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
The Lamiaceae family is renowned for its terpenoid-based medicinal components, but Leonurus, which has traditional medicinal uses, stands out for its alkaloid-rich composition. Leonurine, the principal active compound found in Leonurus, has demonstrated promising effects in reducing blood lipids and treating strokes. However, the biosynthetic pathway of leonurine remains largely unexplored. Here, we present the chromosome-level genome sequence assemblies of Leonurus japonicus, known for its high leonurine production, and Leonurus sibiricus, characterized by very limited leonurine production. By integrating genomics, RNA sequencing, metabolomics, and enzyme activity assay data, we constructed the leonurine biosynthesis pathway and identified the arginine decarboxylase (ADC), uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase (UGT), and serine carboxypeptidase-like (SCPL) acyltransferase enzymes that catalyze key reactions in this pathway. Further analyses revealed that the UGT-SCPL gene cluster evolved by gene duplication in the ancestor of Leonurus and neofunctionalization of SCPL in L. japonicus, which contributed to the accumulation of leonurine specifically in L. japonicus. Collectively, our comprehensive study illuminates leonurine biosynthesis and its evolution in Leonurus.
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Lamiaceae , Leonurus , Leonurus/genética , Multiômica , Extratos VegetaisRESUMO
Microglia aggregate in regions of active inflammation and demyelination in the CNS of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and are considered pivotal in the disease process. Targeting microglia is a promising therapeutic approach for myelin repair. Previously, we identified two candidates for microglial modulation and remyelination using a Connectivity Map (CMAP)-based screening strategy. Interestingly, with results that overlapped, sanguinarine (SAN) emerged as a potential drug candidate to modulate microglial polarization and promote remyelination. In the current study, we demonstrate the efficacy of SAN in mitigating the MS-like experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, prophylactic administration of a medium dose (2.5 mg/kg) significantly reduces disease incidence and ameliorates clinical signs in EAE mice. At the cellular level, SAN reduces the accumulation of microglia in the spinal cord. Morphological analyses and immunophenotyping reveal a less activated state of microglia following SAN administration, supported by decreased inflammatory cytokine production in the spinal cord. Mechanistically, SAN skews primary microglia towards an immunoregulatory state and mitigates proinflammatory response through PPARγ activation. This creates a favorable milieu for the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) when OPCs are incubated with conditioned medium from SAN-treated microglia. We further extend our investigation into the cuprizone-induced demyelinating model, confirming that SAN treatment upregulates oligodendrocyte lineage genes and increases myelin content, further suggesting its pro-myelination effect. In conclusion, our data propose SAN as a promising candidate adding to the preclinical therapeutic arsenal for regulating microglial function and promoting myelin repair in CNS demyelinating diseases such as MS.
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Benzofenantridinas , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental , Isoquinolinas , Esclerose Múltipla , Humanos , Camundongos , Animais , Microglia , PPAR gama , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Bainha de Mielina/fisiologia , Esclerose Múltipla/tratamento farmacológico , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Modelos Animais de DoençasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A later chronotype has been found to be associated with unhealthy habits and diseases, such as an unhealthy diet and metabolic syndrome in adults. Little is known about the association between chronotype, eating habits, physical activity and obesity. Thus, this study aimed to explore the relationships between chronotype, eating behaviors, physical activity, and overweight in Chinese school-aged children. METHODS: Data from this study was based on 952 schoolchildren (10-12 y) from six primary schools that participated in China. Anthropometric measurements of height and body weight were performed. Information about sleeping habits, dietary behaviors, and other lifestyle behaviors was gathered using a self-administered questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis or multivariable logistic regression model was performed to assess the associations between chronotype, eating behaviors, physical activity, and overweight. RESULTS: Nearly 70% (69.9%) of the participants had a self-reported morning chronotype. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed chronotype score was positively associated with physical activities (all P values < 0.001) and sleep duration (all P values < 0.001) and negatively associated with BMI, meal time, eating jet lag and social jet lag (all P values < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that compared to morning types, non-morning types individuals were more likely to be overweight (OR = 1.593, P value < 0.05), and had more frequent consumption of fast food (OR = 1.616, P value < 0.05), but less frequent consumption of milk (OR = 0.716, P value < 0.05), less time taking part in moderate (OR = 1.356, P value < 0.05) or muscle strengthening (OR = 1.393, 1.877, P value < 0.05) physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that early chronotype children are more active, have healthier dietary habits, get more sleep, have shorter social jet lag, and are less likely to be overweight than non-early chronotype children. Our findings suggest that later chronotype may be a potential indicator in the early detection of overweight, unhealthy eating, and physical inactivity behaviors. Chronotype has been found to have an important impact on individual's health. In the present study, we conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between chronotype, eating behaviors, physical activity, and overweight in school-aged children. The findings showed that children with early chronotype is associated with more active, healthier dietary behaviors, longer sleep duration, short social jet lag, and a lower risk of overweight.
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Cronotipo , Sobrepeso , Adulto , Humanos , Criança , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Síndrome do Jet Lag , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Sono , Exercício Físico , Inquéritos e Questionários , Instituições AcadêmicasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To assess the efficacy and safety of Tralokinumab in the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Clinical Trials Website, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for eligible randomized controlled trials which assessed the effects of Tralokinumab on AD. Primary outcomes included Scoring Atopic Dermatitis score, EASI-75%, and Investigator's Global Assessment score of 0 or 1 in 12 to 16 weeks. Secondary outcomes included the Eczema area and severity index score, the Numeric Rating Scales score, the dermatology life quality index score, and the overall incidence of adverse events. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane System and the modified Jadad scale. Analysis was performed using Stata 16 software. RESULTS: Eight randomized controlled trials involving 2878 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Compared to placebo, Tralokinumab treatment exhibited a significantly higher Scoring Atopic Dermatitis score [SMD = -0.53, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: -0.62 to -0.44, P < .00001], an increased number of patients with EASI-75% [odds ratio (OR) = 2.44, 95% CI: 2.00-2.97, P < .00001] and Investigator's Global Assessment score of 0 or 1 in 12 to 16 weeks [OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.71-2.63, P < .00001]. No significant difference was observed in the incidence of overall adverse events [OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.85-1.18, P = 1.00] between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Tralokinumab is effective and safe in treatment of moderate-to-severe AD.
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Dermatite Atópica , Humanos , Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Resultado do Tratamento , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Anticorpos Monoclonais/efeitos adversos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Método Duplo-CegoRESUMO
Diabetic encephalopathy is a common consequence of diabetes mellitus that causes cognitive dysfunction and neuropsychiatric disorders. Praeruptorin C (Pra-C) from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. is a potential antioxidant and neuroprotective agent. This study was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of Pra-C on diabetic cognitive impairment. A novel object recognition test and the Morris water maze test were performed to assess the behavioral performance of mice. Electrophysiological recordings were made to monitor synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. A protein-protein interaction network of putative Pra-C targets was constructed, and molecular docking simulations were performed to predict the potential mechanisms of the action of Pra-C. Protein expression levels were detected by western blotting. Pra-C administration significantly lowered body weight and fasting blood glucose levels and alleviated learning and memory deficits in type 2 diabetic mice. Network pharmacology and molecular docking results suggested that Pra-C affects the PI3K/AKT/GSK3ß signaling pathway. Western blot analysis confirmed significant increases in phosphorylated PI3K, AKT, and GSK3ß levels in vivo and in vitro upon Pra-C administration. Pra-C alleviated cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic mice by activating PI3K/AKT/GSK3ß pathway.
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Given the enormous burden pathogens pose on human health, rapid capture and removal of bacteria for sterilization or further bacterial detection is essential. Herein, tannic acid-functionalized virus-like Fe3O4 (vFe3O4-TA) was established for bacterial enrichment. We investigated the ability of vFe3O4-TA to capture Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, S. flex and S. typhi) and Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, MRSA and LM), respectively. Compared to the capture efficiency of <15 % for Gram-negative bacteria, vFe3O4-TA showed excellent selectivity and efficiency in isolating Gram-positive bacteria with >87 % removal efficiency. GFN-xTB semiempirical quantum chemical calculations revealed that the selective recognition originates from the high affinity between TA and peptidoglycan. Without impacting ingredients, the TA-mediated trapper also shows excellent ability to distinguish Gram-positive bacteria in juice samples. These results are expected to reveal the interaction of TA with bacteria, and inaugurate a potential natural safe tool for food safety control, medical treatment and environmental remediation.
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Malus , Humanos , Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Bactérias , Taninos , Bactérias Gram-Positivas , Bactérias Gram-Negativas , Salmonella typhi , Antibacterianos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Natural superoxide dismutase (SOD), consisting of proteins and metal cofactors, is widely used in food preservation because of its good antioxidant activity. However, due to the poor stability of SOD enzyme, its activity was reduced in the process of moving into the film, resulting in limited application. Based on the structure of the active site of the natural enzyme, Cu2+ was used to functionalize the melanin nanoparticles (NMPs) in ink of cuttlefish, and an SOD-like nanozyme (Cu-NMPs) with high stability, high activity and strong free radical scavenging capacity was constructed. In order to apply the constructed simulated enzyme to food preservation, the simulated enzyme was embedded into carrageenan (Carr) films to prepare the composite film for food packaging. The results showed that when the concentration of Cu-NMPs was 10 µg/mL, the ·O2- rate could reach more than 80 %, the activity exceeded that of 60 U/mL natural SOD. In addition, the fresh-keeping test of cherry tomatoes showed that Carr/Cu-NMPs composite film extended the storage time of cherry tomatoes by more 3 days. Therefore, the present work showed that nanozymes with advanced catalytic capabilities can be constructed by metal ions and NMPs, thus successfully combined with food packaging for food preservation.
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Melaninas , Nanopartículas , Tinta , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Conservação de Alimentos , MetaisRESUMO
Although nanocomposite films had shown excellent potential in antibacterial food packaging, their potential harmful impact limits their further application in reality. Therefore, exploring a Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) nanomaterial that has antibacterial ability is the pioneer for the fabrication of a real edible nanocomposite-based antibacterial packaging film. Herein, for the first time by using the natural nanostructure extracted from cuttlefish ink, an edible antibacterial food packaging with high safety were constructed. The natural melanin nanoparticles (NMPs) in cuttlefish ink have good photothermal conversion ability. As such, by incorporating with natural pectin (PC) film and with near infrared (NIR) irradiation triggering, the results show that PC/NMPs films perform high-efficiency and short-term bactericidal activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, including thermotolerant Listeria monocytogenes. The sterilization rate could reach more than 90 % within only 5 min. Also, this nanocomposite film showed better mechanical properties, thermal stability and barrier properties than the neat pectin film. Antibacterial test on food sample also proved the good antibacterial ability of the PC/NMPs films. Therefore, exploring GRAS natural functional nanocomposite film is expected to be the effective way to promote edible nano-antibacterial packaging.
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Filmes Comestíveis , Nanopartículas , Embalagem de Alimentos/métodos , Melaninas , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Pectinas/farmacologia , Pectinas/químicaRESUMO
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel that is activated by capsaicin (CAP), the main component of chili pepper. Despite studies in several neurological diseases, the role of TRPV1 in demyelinating diseases remains unknown. Herein, we reported that TRPV1 expression was increased within the corpus callosum during demyelination in a cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination mouse model. TRPV1 deficiency exacerbated motor coordinative dysfunction and demyelination in CPZ-treated mice, whereas the TRPV1 agonist CAP improved the behavioral performance and facilitated remyelination. TRPV1 was predominantly expressed in Iba1+ microglia/macrophages in human brain sections of multiple sclerosis patients and mouse corpus callosum under demyelinating conditions. TRPV1 deficiency decreased microglial recruitment to the corpus callosum, with an associated increase in the accumulation of myelin debris. Conversely, the activation of TRPV1 by CAP enhanced the recruitment of microglia to the corpus callosum and potentiated myelin debris clearance. Using real-time live imaging we confirmed an increased phagocytic function of microglia following CAP treatment. In addition, the expression of the scavenger receptor CD36 was increased, and that of the glycolysis regulators Hif1a and Hk2 was decreased. We conclude that TRPV1 is an important regulator of microglial function in the context of demyelination and may serve as a promising therapeutic target for demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
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Doenças Desmielinizantes , Esclerose Múltipla , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Cuprizona , Doenças Desmielinizantes/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Desmielinizantes/tratamento farmacológico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Microglia/metabolismo , Esclerose Múltipla/tratamento farmacológico , Esclerose Múltipla/metabolismo , Bainha de Mielina/metabolismo , Canais de Cátion TRPV , Capsaicina/farmacologiaRESUMO
Outbreaks of foodborne diseases mediated by food microorganisms and toxins remain one of the leading causes of disease and death worldwide. It not only poses a serious threat to human health and safety but also imposes a huge burden on health care and socioeconomics. Traditional methods for the removal and detection of pathogenic bacteria and toxins in various samples such as food and drinking water have certain limitations, requiring a rapid and sensitive strategy for the enrichment and separation of target analytes. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) exhibit excellent performance in this field due to their fascinating properties. The strategy of combining biorecognition elements with MNPs can be used for fast and efficient enrichment and isolation of pathogens. In this review, we describe new trends and practical applications of magnetic nanoseparation technology in the detection of foodborne microorganisms and toxins. We mainly summarize the biochemical modification and functionalization methods of commonly used magnetic nanomaterial carriers and discuss the application of magnetic separation combined with other instrumental analysis techniques. Combined with various detection techniques, it will increase the efficiency of detection and identification of microorganisms and toxins in rapid assays.
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Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos , Toxinas Biológicas , Humanos , Bactérias , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/microbiologia , Tecnologia , Fenômenos Magnéticos , Microbiologia de AlimentosRESUMO
The high systemic blood glucose concentration of hyperglycemic wound microenvironment (WME) severely impedes the disinfection and healing of infected skin wounds. Herein, a WME-activated smart natural product, integrated GOx-GA-Fe nanozyme (GGFzyme), is engineered, which combines a nanozyme and natural enzyme to promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in situ for hyperglycemic wound disinfection. GGFzyme can consume a high concentration of glucose in hyperglycemia wounds and generate H2O2. The conversion of glucose into gluconic acid not avails starvation treatment but reduces the pH of WME to elevate the catalytic activities of both the nanozyme (GA-Fe) and natural enzyme (GOx). And H2O2 is then high efficiently catalyzed into â¢OH and O2â¢- in situ to combat pathogenic bacteria and promote wound disinfection. The high catalytic antibacterial capacity and superior biosafety, combined with beneficial WME modulation, demonstrate that GGFzyme is a promising therapeutic agent for hyperglycemic wounds.
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Glucose Oxidase , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Glucose Oxidase/farmacologia , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Glucose , Cicatrização , BactériasRESUMO
Nanozymes show great potential as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents in the field of anti-infection. Their feasibility of application has received great hindrance due to low catalytic performance, insufficient reactive oxygen species (ROS), complex material design, and biosafety issues. Herein, we discovered an Fe3+-centered Melanoidin/Fe3+ nanozyme that exhibited superior reaction rate and catalytic activity to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) through the carboxyl, nitrogenous structure of Melanoidin. Melanoidin/Fe3+ catalyzed the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into highly toxic superoxide anion (O2-â¢), which promoted the antibacterial ability of H2O2. The results showed that Melanoidin/Fe3+ had an excellent antibacterial effect against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in low concentration H2O2 system. Both the infection wound model experiment and the biocompatibility experiment showed that the Melanoidin/Fe3+ promoted wound healing and had impressive biosafety. Thus, Melanoidin/Fe3+ shows ideal promise for the design of artificial enzymes with catalytic properties comparable to those of natural enzymes and clinical antibacterial therapy.
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Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Peroxidase , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/química , Desinfecção , Catálise , Peroxidases , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , CorantesRESUMO
Food poisoning caused by eating contaminated food remains a threat to global public health. Making the situation even worse is the aggravated global environmental pollution, which poses a major threat to the safety of agricultural resources. Food adulteration has been rampant owing to negligent national food safety regulations. The speed at which contaminated food is detected and disposed of determines the extent to which consumers' lives are safeguarded and agricultural economic losses are prevented. Micro/nanomotors offer a high-speed mobile loading platform that substantially increases the chemical reaction rates and, accordingly, exhibit great potential as alternatives to conventional detection and degradation techniques. This review summarizes the propulsion modes applicable to micro/nanomotors in food systems and the advantages of using micro/nanomotors, highlighting examples of their potential use in recent years for the detection and removal of food contaminants. Micro/nanomotors are an emerging technology for food applications that is moving toward mass production, simple preparation, and important functions.
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The antibacterial strategy using cutting-edge metal-organic framework (MOF)-based nanozymes can effectively solve the problem caused by antibiotic resistance to protect human health and the environment; however it has been significantly limited by the complicated modification method and non-ideal catalytic activity. Herein, we report a facile dimensionality-reduction strategy to improve the catalytic activity of MOF-based nanozymes. By reducing the dimensionality of two-dimensional Co-TCPP(Fe) (Co-Fe NSs) to zero-dimensional Co-TCPP(Fe) (Co-Fe NDs), the peroxidase-like activity of the prepared bimetallic Co-Fe NDs was almost tripled. Consequently, the bimetallic Co-Fe NDs can highly efficiently catalyze the lower-concentration H2O2 into reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in a favorable antibacterial effect against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Meanwhile, Co-Fe NDs can effectively promote wound healing and water environment disinfection with good biocompatibility. This work reveals the potential of a zero-dimensional bimetallic MOF-based nanozyme in resisting drug-resistant bacteria and holds great promise for future clinical and environmental applications.
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Estruturas Metalorgânicas , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bactérias , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Estruturas Metalorgânicas/farmacologia , PeroxidasesRESUMO
Background: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is a useful tool to evaluate nutritional status, which is associated with postoperative complications and prognosis of patients with cancer. Recent studies have shown that PNI has important predictive value for postoperative infection in cancer patients. However, the role and clinical value of PNI in infection after radical gastrectomy remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between PNI and infection after radical surgery for gastric cancer (GC), focusing on the predictive value of PNI. Methods: A total of 1,111 patients with primary gastric cancer who underwent radical surgery in our hospital from December 2010 to December 2020 were included in this retrospective study. The demographic and clinicopathological data of all patients were acquired through hospital information system (HIS). Preoperative serum albumin (ALB) level and peripheral blood lymphocyte count were obtained for PNI calculation. We selected 812 patients by propensity score matching to reduce biases due to the different distributions of co-variables among the comparable groups. The factors influencing postoperative infection in the matched patients were explored using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Baseline characteristics significantly differed among patients with different PNI scores. After one-to-one matching, the clinicopathological data of the 2 groups were comparable, and 812 patients were included for further analysis. Among these patients, 101 developed infections, with an infection rate of 12.4%, which were mainly caused by gram-negative bacteria. The incidence of infection was significantly higher in the low PNI group than in the high PNI group. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 [odds ratio (OR) =2.314, P=0.004], diabetes mellitus (OR =1.827, P=0.042), PNI score <45 (OR =2.138, P=0.037), combined multi-organ resection (OR =2.946, P<0.001), operation time ≥240 minutes (OR =2.744, P=0.023), and perioperative blood transfusion (OR =2.595, P=0.025) as risk factors for infection after radical surgery for GC. Conclusions: Infection is the most common complication after radical gastrectomy for GC, and a low preoperative PNI score is a risk factor for postoperative infection.