A Comparative Study on the Effect of Exosomes Secreted by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Adipose and Bone Marrow Tissues in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis-Induced Mouse Model.

BACKGROUND: Exosomes as extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale intercellular messengers secreted from cells to deliver biological signals. Today, exosomes have become a new field of research in regenerative medicine and are considered as potential therapies to control inflammation and wound healing and enhance and improve healing in many diseases. Given the global burden of osteoarthritis (OA) as the fastest-growing health condition and one of the major causes of physical disability in the aging population, research to establish EVs as therapeutic products can meet the basic clinical needs in the management of osteoarthritis and provide a therapeutic solution. OBJECTIVES: The present study is aimed at evaluating the regenerative potentials of the exosomes secreted from adipose and bone marrow tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD- and BM-MSCs) in ameliorating the symptoms of OA. METHOD: In this experimental study, AD- and BM-MSCs were isolated and cultured in the laboratory until passage 3. Finally, these cells' secreted exosomes were isolated from their conditioned medium. Ciprofloxacin-induced OA mouse models underwent intra-articular injection of exosomes from AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs. Finally, the expression levels of collagen I and II, sox9, and aggrecan genes using real-time PCR, histological analysis, and immunohistochemical (IHC) studies were performed. RESULTS: Real-time PCR data showed that although the expression level of collagen type II was lower in both exosome-treated groups than the normal, but it was significantly increased in comparison with the sham and OA, with higher expression in BM-Exo rather than AD-Exo group. Similarly, the histological staining and IHC results have provided almost identical data, emphasizing on better therapeutic effect of BM-MSCs-exosome than AD-MSCs-exosome. CONCLUSION: BM-MSCs secreted exosomes in comparison with AD-MSCs could be considered as a better therapeutic option to improve osteoarthritis and exhibit potential as a disease-modifying osteoarthritis cell-free product.

The effect of supernatant product of adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells and density gradient centrifugation preparation methods on pregnancy in intrauterine insemination cycles: An RCT.

BACKGROUND: One of the most important involved factors in pregnancy occurrence following intrauterine insemination (IUI) is semen sample preparation. Recently, supernatant product of adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (SPAS) method has been shown to improve semen parameters. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of preparation methods in order to IUI, SPAS and density gradient centrifugation (DGC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This trial was done on 80 couples with male factor infertility who attend jihad daneshgahi infertility treatment center of Qom province, undergoing ovarian stimulation and IUI cycle. Various semen parameters including motility, count, DNA fragmentation and capacitation were evaluated before and after preparation. The effect of semen preparation methods and influence of various semen parameters on pregnancy occurrence were examined. RESULTS: The overall clinical pregnancy rate was 17.5% per patient with no miscarriage. The pregnancy rate for DGC and SPAS were 5% (2 of 40) and 30% (12 of 40) respectively. Since there is no significant difference in improving motion parameters between two groups (except recovery of total number of motile spermatozoa), it seems that these parameters alone are not sufficient to predict IUI pregnancy outcome whereas in samples with >25 million motile spermatozoa in inseminate, there was a clear trend for a higher pregnancy rate for the sample processed using SPAS. CONCLUSION: Considering SPAS as a new and effective method leading to provide a combination of various improved semen parameters, is expected in near future.