[Cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism in the acute stage of cerebral aneurysm rupture]. / Tserebral'naia gemodinamika i metabolizm v ostroi stadii razryva anevrizm golovnogo mozga.

The relationship between lipid peroxidation products and the severity of arterial spasm was studied in 86 patients. For this, the level of radical production, the content of the end lipid peroxidation product malonic dialdehyde and the overall antioxidative activity of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid were determined during 24-hour Doppler monitoring of blood flow in the middle cerebral and internal carotid arteries. Following subarachnoidal hemorrhage, the activation of lipid peroxidation processes was shown to correlate with the severity of arterial spasm and it is likely to contribute to the development of late ischemias. Nimotop used to treat patients with significant arterial spasm caused a reduction in the rate of free radical lipid peroxidation to that characteristic for patients with moderate spasm. The findings suggest that it is expedient of including antioxidants into the combined therapy of patients with acute subarachnoidal hemorrhage.

[Study of free radical oxidation of lipids in cerebrospinal fluid of hydrocephalic children]. / Issledovanie protsessov svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia lipidov v likvore detei s gidrotsevaliei.

The levels of free radical production, malondialdehyde concentration and antioxidant activity were estimated in ventricular liquor of the infants with primary hydrocephalus. It was shown that even in the case of uncomplicated hydrocephalus significant disorders in brain metabolism took place. In the patients with inflammatory or hemorrhagic complications the levels of malondialdehyde and free radicals were markedly increased as compared to the infants with "pure" hydrocephalus. The most significant disorders were revealed in the case of hemorrhagic complications. These data indicate the necessity of lipid peroxidation evaluation in liquor of the patients with hydrocephalus and help to workout indications for antioxidants including into the common therapy of this decrease.

[Chemiluminescent study of free radical lipid peroxidation in the rabbit brain after cranio-cerebral trauma]. / Khemiliuminestsentnyi metod issledovaniia svobonoradikal'nogo okisleniia lipidov v mozge krolikov pri cherepno-mozgovoi travme.

The method of chemiluminescence was applied for the determination of free radicals content in rabbit brain after the experimental craniocerebral trauma. The level of malondialdehyde was measured spectrophotometrically. The quantity of free radical products in hemispheres, brain stem and cerebellum of rabbits with traumatic injury was shown to be significantly increased and correlated with MDA level. Data obtained indicate that the chemiluminescent technique can be useful for the investigation of lipid peroxidation in brain pathology.

[Endogenous intoxication and its treatment with sodium hypochlorite in neurosurgical patients]. / Endogennaia intoksikatsiia i ee lechenie s primeneniem gipokhlorita natriia u neiroreanimatsionnykh bol'nykh.

Blood plasma levels of medium-mass molecules (MMM), antioxidant activity (AOA), and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) were measured in 51 neurosurgical patients before and directly and 24 h after intravenous drip infusion of sodium hypochlorite (SHC) solution. Preliminary in vitro studies showed the most expressed drop of initially high MDA and MMM levels to be associated with an increase of AOA. It was observed at SHC concentration of 0.05 mg/ml, corresponding to infusion of SHC in a concentration of 600 mg/liter in 0.1 of the total circulating blood volume. Even a single dose of SHC alleviated endogenous intoxication and decreased the concentration of MMM and lipid peroxidation products. The proper AOA of the blood did not drop in this case, and in patients with initially low AOA it appreciably increased. Infusion of SHC normalized the values of Kp, which reflected its high detoxifying activity in endogenous poisoning caused mainly by inflammatory changes.

[Contribution of free-radical reactions of chamber humor to the development of primary open-angle glaucoma]. / Rol' svobodnoradikal'nykh reaktsii kamernoi vlagi v razvitii pervichnoi otkrytougol'noi glaukomy.

The level of lipid peroxidation products (malonic dialdehyde) is more than two times increased in the anterior chamber humor in patients with far advanced glaucoma in comparison with the well-developed stage. The level of the total antioxidant activity of humor is reliably lowered. A correlation has been revealed between the antioxidant activity of humor and its production. These results prompt us to recommend antioxidants for therapy of primary glaucoma.

[Intracranial cysts of different etiologies--the correlations between data from ultralow-field magnetic resonance tomography and results from biochemical analysis]. / Vnutricherepnye kisty razlichnoi étiologii--korreliatsii mezhdu dannymi magnitno-rezonansnoi tomografii v ul'tranizkikh poliakh i rezul'tatami biokhimicheskogo analiza.

The paper presents the results of comprehensive examination of 7 patients with intracranial cysts of various etiology and 1 with cholesteatoma. In addition to magnetic resonance imaging with an ultralow magnetic field intensity of 0.4 T, a biochemical assessment of the content of cysts was made. The cystic contrast range on T1 and T2 tomograms was evaluated. The levels of protein, total iron, and percentage of total solids of the cystic content were measured in the biochemical study. On T2 tomographs, the intensity of a signal from cysts on T2 tomographs was significant and differed in each case to a lesser extent. On T1 tomographs, the intensity of a signal was different in each case and increased virtually linearly as the concentration of protein increased up to 10%. The presence of paramagnetic active iron ions (reduced hemoglobin) in the cysts resulted in a much greater elevation of a signal on T1 tomograms. The findings are given as plots that associate the relative intensity of a signal with the concentration of protein. The total solids in the cysts examined predominantly showed protein.

[The induction of lipid peroxidation in human brain glial tumors]. / Induktsiia perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov v glial'nykh opukholiakh golovnogo mozga cheloveka.

Tissue examinations of glial tumors in the human brain revealed that therein lipid peroxidation could be induced by using bivalent iron salts, which is indicated by higher malonic dialdehyde levels. The authors have demonstrated that the glioma tissue levels of iron were statistically lower than those in the brain tissue. The induction in tumor tissue does not depend upon the degree of its malignancy, but it significantly differs from this parameter in the rabbit brain tissue. The induction of lipid peroxidation processes is accompanied by a lower cumulative antioxidative activity. The findings open new prospects for affecting tumor growth.

Interrelationship between the functional state of the central nervous system and lipid peroxidation level in brain following craniocerebral trauma.

The interrelationship between the functional state of the CNS and brain metabolism was studied in animals following craniocerebral trauma. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of rabbit brain were investigated a day after craniocerebral trauma. An increase in conjugated dienes, TBA-reactive products (TBARP), and fluorescent Schiff bases (SchB), and a sharp decrease in antioxidant activity in all brain regions investigated were established. The possibility of regulation of the disturbed processes by artificial alteration of the functional state of the CNS was shown. It was found that the day after stimulation of injured brain by amphetamine (phenamin) or piracetam, the values of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity came to the same levels as for controls. On the contrary, the depression of the CNS by phenobarbital (luminal) was not accompanied by such positive reactions. The stimulants did not possess antioxidant activity in vitro experiments on a model system. Thus, it was shown that following craniocerebral trauma, the lipid peroxidation process can be regulated by modification of the functional state of the CNS alone without special antioxidant therapy.

[The antioxidant activity of individual fractions of brain tissue]. / Issledovanie antioksidantnoi aktivnosti otdel'nykh fraktsii mozgovoi tkani.

The overall antioxidative activity was studied in the rabbit brain homogenate, water-soluble protein and lipid fractions. The antioxidative activity of water-soluble protein fraction made a major contribution to the total activity, while the antioxidative activity estimated by the procedure used was not detected in the lipid fraction. Antioxidant activity both in the brain homogenate and water-soluble protein fraction was similarly altered during craniocerebral trauma and after stimulation of the central nervous system in the injured animals.

[Lipid peroxidation processes and activity of brain succinate dehydrogenase in experimental craniocerebral trauma]. / Protsessy perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov i aktivnost' suktsinatdegidrogenazy mozga pri cherepno-mozgovoi travme v éksperimente.

A statistically significant decrease in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) was found in the rabbit brain after craniocerebral injury. The decrease in the activity of brain SDH was not shown to result from "competitive inhibition" by malonate accumulated after activation of lipid peroxidation. The activity of brain SDH was normalized by directed modification of the function of the central nervous system via administration of phenamine (amphetamine) into the injured animals.

[Cerebrospinal fluid lactate and peroxide compounds in young children with craniocerebral trauma]. / Issledovanie laktata i perekisnykh soedinenii likvora u detei rannego vozrasta pri cherepno-mozgovoi travme.

The content of lactate and products of lipid peroxidation in the c. s. f. of infants with craniocerebral trauma was studied. The content of lactate and malonic dialdehyde in the c. s. f. was significantly increased, which correlated with the severity of the trauma. The results of the study make it possible to followup the course of the cerebral traumatic disease and the efficacy of the applied therapy and also may severe as prognostic criteria in evaluating the possible sequelae of the craniocerebral trauma.

[Lipid peroxidation and antioxidative activity in the tumor tissue and blood of patients with neuro-oncological diseases]. / Perekisnoe oksilenie i antiokislitel'naia aktivnost' lipidov v opukholevoi tkani i krovi bol'nykh s neiroonkologicheskimi zabolevaniiami.

Study of the content of products of lipid peroxidation, total lipid antioxidation activity, and superoxide dismutase activity in the tissue and blood of 31 patients (23 with gliomas and 8 with meningiomas) showed the level of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in the tumor tissue to be significantly lower statistically than in the cerebral tissue. The MDA content was much lower in meningiomas than in gliomas. No essential differences were revealed in the MDA level in benign and malignant gliomas. This value correlated well with the total lipid antiperoxidation activity which was twice higher in tumor tissue than in the cerebral tissue and higher in meningiomas than in the tissue of gliomas. Superoxide dismutase activity was statistically significantly higher in the cerebral tissue than in all other tumor tissues studied. The blood plasma MDA level is higher in patients with gliomas than in the blood of donors while lipid antioxidation activity is lower. In the group of patients with meningiomas the blood plasma MDA level increases with reduction of superoxide dismutase activity, which may be evidence of its role in this process.

[Effect of the functional state of the central nervous system on brain lipid peroxidation processes in experimental cranial-brain trauma]. / Vliianie funktsional'nogo sostoianiia TsNS na protsessy perekisnogo okisleneniia lipidov mozga pri cherpno-mozgovoi travme v éksperimente.

Interrelationship between the functional state of central nervous system and brain metabolism was studied in animals with craniocerebral trauma. Stimulation of nervous activity was shown to prevent an increase in lipid peroxidation in brain of the experimental animals. A distinct decrease of the brain antioxidative activity was also noted. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidative activity were markedly impaired in the animals with craniocerebral trauma either after depression of central nervous system or without any additional treatment.

[Lipid peroxidation of the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with arterial cerebral aneurysms]. / Issledovanie perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov likvora u bol'nykh s arterial'nymi anevrizmami golovnogo mozga.

It was established from study of lipid peroxidation (LOP) products in 19 patients (16 with subarachnoid hemorrhages /SAH/ resulting from rupture of arterial aneurysms and 3 with arterial hemorrhages in the "cold" period) that their content was significantly higher in patients with a history of 2 or 3 SAH than in those who had suffered from a single SAH. The LOP level in the c.s.f. in patients of both groups differed significantly from that in the c.s.f. of patients without SAH. It was also established that the content of LOP products in patients with an unfavourable outcome of the disease was more than twice that in patients with a favourable course and outcome of the disease. Administration of antioxidants (alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid) inhibited the LPO processes, which was manifested by a decrease of the content of malonyl dialdehyde in the c.s.f.

[The role of lipids in middle molecular weight fractions as a feature of the pathological process]. / Rol' lipidov fraktsii srednikh molekul v kharakteristike patologicheskogo protsessa.

About 20-66% of lipids was found in the middle molecular fraction of blood serum from neurosurgical patients. Content of the substances extracted with organic solvents was distinctly increased as the clinical status aggravated. Precipitation of proteins using chloric acid instead of trichloracetic acid proved to be more convenient for isolation of the middle molecular fraction from blood serum and for the subsequent studies of its composition.

[The level of middle molecules in endogenous intoxication in neurosurgical patients]. / Uroven' srednikh molekul pri éndogennoi intoksikatsii u neirokhirurgichekikh bol'nykh.

The article deals with the results of study of the level of medium-size molecules in blood and urine of neurosurgical patients in the early postoperative period. It correlated with the severity of the patients' condition and with the values of osmolarity and the level of consciousness in a complicated postoperative period and a fatal outcome. The presence of pyoseptic complications may be judged according to the P value and prognosticated.