[Immunotropic and antihypoxant therapy of experimental drug-sensitive and drug-resistant tuberculosis].

The results of pre-clinical research of cycloferon, remaxol and runihol on the model of experimental generalized tuberculosis, caused by the MBT with a different spectrum of drug sensitivity are presented. A considerable increase of the curative effect of the therapy with the used of cycloferon and remaxol. There was manifested the strengthening of lung clearance from the office, reducing the prevalence of specific inflammation in the lungs of the index of lung damage, stimulation of sorption and destructive ability of peritoneal macrophages, inhibited in the course of development of experimental tuberculosis infection. Runihol has no impact on the effectiveness of chemotherapy in the absence of a stimulating influence on the phagocytic function of the peritoneal macrophages.

[Influence of therapy with interferon inducer on the parameters of quality of life in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

The evaluation of quality of life using a questionnaire--Version 2 of the "SF-36 Health Survey" was performed in 144 patients with widespread pulmonary tuberculosis. The low level of "quality of life" was revealed in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in comparison with healthy persons. It is caused by limiting physical activity, reducing the psychological component due to low vitality and mental health. By the end of the second month of chemotherapy, the changes are saved (PE, RP) and even exacerbated (RE, MN) in patients with MDR MBT. Combined therapy with Cycloferon improves physical activity of patients without MDR MBT. In this case, the mental health of the patient is perceived positively due to increasing the emotional activity, more expressed in patients without MDR MBT and minimization emotional problems related to the disease in patients with MDR MBT.

[An experimental study of the efficiency of cycloferon in the complex chemotherapy of generalized drug-resistant tuberculosis].

The results of an experimental study of the efficiency of cycloferon included in a complex chemotherapy of generalized drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) are presented. It is established that cycloferon (3.6 mg/kg) produces a significant therapeutic effect, which is manifested by an increase in the lung clearance from MBT, a decrease in the spread of specific inflammation in the lungs, and the disappearance of MBT-induced alterations. In addition, activation of the signs of tension in the local immunity of lung tissues is observed as manifested by changes in the cellular composition of granulomas and more frequent detection of large lymphocytic and macrophage infiltration. The administration of cycloferon significantly increases the absorptive and digestive activity of phagocytosis by peritoneal macrophages, which has been inhibited during the development of experimental MBT infection.

[Relationship between the endogenous interferon IFN-gamma level and risk of hepatotoxic liver damage in tuberculosis patients].

Results of investigation in a group of 91 patients with infiltrative and disseminative forms of tuberculosis are presented. It is established that, at an initial level of IFN-gamma below 100 pg/ml, a higher frequency of development of the drug-induced liver injury takes place as manifested by increasing activity of the basic markers of cytolysis. Administration of the interferon inductor (cycloferon) favors positive clinical and laboratory dynamics of the tubercular process, increases the level of endogenous IFN-gamma (especially for an initial level below 100 pg/ml), and restricts the expression of drug-induced hepatotoxicity reactions.

[Cycloferon in the complex therapy of patients with widespread forms of pulmonary tuberculosis].

Research performed at the Grodno Regional Clinical Center "Phthisiology" was aimed at studying the dynamics of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in serum of patients with widespread forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, treated by polychemotherapy with the use of cycloferon. Results of the clinical and laboratory evaluation of the effectiveness of the basic course of treatment are presented. A total of 238 patients, including 32 patients with limited forms of the pulmonary tuberculosis and 206 patients had widespread forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, were randomized into the basic group (BG) and comparison group (CG), where 95 CG patients received only polychemotherapy and 111 BG patients received polychemotherapy with the use of cycloferon. Data on the initial levels of cytokines (IFN-gamma and IL-4) in healthy persons and patients with various spread ofa tubercular inflammation in lungs are presented and compared. It is established that, in patients with widespread forms, initially low level of IFN-gamma and high concentration IL-4 (in comparison with the limited forms) shows a severe disbalance between Th1- and Th2-mediated immune response. The administration of cycloferon in the complex therapy of patients with widespread forms leads to an increase in the IFN-gamma concentration at initially low levels (below median level of this cytokine in healthy humans). Activation of the Th1-mediated immune response upon using cycloferon leads to an early elimination of clinical manifestations of the intoxication syndrome, positive roentgenological dynamics, conversion of sputum smear, and successful outcomes of treatment.

[Possibilities for the correction of immune disorders during tuberculosis infection].

Modem immunopathogenetic concepts of tuberculosis infection are summarized. Th1-mediated immune response is shown to play a leading role in the formation of antituberculosis immunity. Cytokine balance (especially that of interferon-y) has marked influence on the outcome of infection. The data on efficiency of modern immunotropic drugs suggest advantages of interferon inductors, in the first place cyclopheron, for pathogenetic therapy. Cyclopheron participates in regulation of endogenous interferon-gamma production and thereby in activation of TH1-mediated immune response that accelerates abacillation, closes cavities in organs undergoing degeneration, and improves the X-ray picture. A succinate-containing cyclopheron solution was shown to positively change the cytokine profile and X-ray structure of respiratory organs in patients with tuberculosis.