Investigations of the capacity fading mechanism of Na0.44MnO2via ex situ XAS and magnetization measurements.

Na-ion batteries represent a promising complementary alternative to Li-ion batteries due to their high energy density and natural abundancy of Na. However, these batteries have short cycle life and extensive research activities on these batteries are required to understand the mechanism of such drawbacks. In this report, we investigate the capacity fading mechanism of Na0.44MnO2via ex situ X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and magnetization measurements. Our results show that the unit cell volume, the effective mass of Mn-O bonds, the number of Mn4+ ions and the effective magnetic moment decrease upon repeated cycling. We propose that some Mn4+ ions in the octahedral environment become Mn3+ ions in a square pyramidal environment, causing oxygen release upon cycling. Any free oxygen in the battery is expected to react with the electrolyte and cause capacity fade.

Synthesis and Pharmacologic Evaluation of Some Benzimidazole Acetohydrazide Derivatives as EGFR Inhibitors.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, some novel 2-(2-phenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-N'-(arylmethylene) acetohydrazide derivatives (1-12) were designed and synthesized. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Compounds 1-12 were obtained by condensing 2-(2-phenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)acetohydrazide (III) with the corresponding aromatic aldehyde derivatives in the presence of catalytic amounts of hydrochloric acid in ethanol. RESULTS: Following the structure elucidation, epidermal growth factor receptor kinase inhibitor activity was measured. The ADP-GloTM kinase assay determines kinase activity based on the quantification of the amount of ADP produced during a kinase reaction. CONCLUSION: Almost all of the compounds' kinase inhibitor activities were rather limited.

Microvascular decompression for primary trigeminal neuralgia : short-term follow-up results and prognostic factors.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective study was to demonstrate the influence of some factors on the prognosis of microvascular decompression in 37 patients with trigeminal neuralgia. METHODS: The results of microvascular decompression (MVD) in 37 patients with trigeminal neuralgia were evaluated at 6 months after surgery and were compared with clinical and operative findings. RESULTS: The sex of the patient, the patient's age at surgery, the side of the pain, and the duration of symptoms before surgery did not play any significant roles in prognosis. Also, the visual analogue scale (VAS) of the patient, the duration of each pain attack, and the frequency of pain over 24 hours did not play any significant roles in prognosis. In addition, intraoperative detection of the type of conflicting vessel, the degree of severity of conflict, and the location of the conflict around the circumference of the root did not play any roles in prognosis. The only factors affecting the prognosis in MVD surgery were intraoperative detection of the site of the conflict along the root and neuroradiological compression signs on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrated that if neurovascular compression is seen on preoperative MRI/MRA and/or compression is found intraoperative at the root entry zone, then the patient will most likely benefit from MVD surgery.