Therapeutical effect of modified adamantane copolymer compounds: study of molecular mechanisms.

Copolymers of N-polyvinylpyrrolidone-acrylic acid (AB-1) and adamantane derivatives are known to possess marked antiviral activity in in vitro and in ovo models. Among the constructed preparations of AB-1 modified by adamantane derivatives some, especially AB-4 (modified by deitiforin), were found to show more extended antiviral activity and to inhibit markedly virus reproduction in susceptible permissive cell cultures and chicken embryos. In AB-4 treated cells and allantoic sacs, virus titers (influenza virus, herpes virus, and HIV) and virus antigen concentration were decreased. On the other hand, herpes virus-specific thymidine kinase and of DNA-polymerases isolated from Escherichia coli, Plectonema boryanum, and herpes virus type 1 infected murine brain tissue retained their activity after incubation with AB-4 or AB-2. The compounds investigated, in view of their effect on virus reproduction, are thought to be prospective as antiviral agents.

[The toxicity and interferon-inducing activity of the lipopolysaccharides of Cytophaga sp. (strains 81 and 92)]. / Toksichnost' i interferonogennaia aktivnost' lipopolisakharidov Cytophaga sp. (shtammy 81 i 92).

The experiments on mice and cell culture of a kidney of green monkey Vero have shown that lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of the studied strains 81 and 92 of Cytophaga sp. were nontoxic. They were less active as compared to LPS of other Gram-negative bacteria as to interferon-inducing activity. A comparative study of initial and dephosphorylated LPS has shown that phosphate groups were not responsible for the interferon-inducing activity of LPS of Cytophaga genus representatives.

[The biological activity of a lipopolysaccharide from Ralstonia solanacearum ICMP 7859 and of its modified derivative]. / Biologicheskaia aktivnost' lipopolisakharida Ralstonia solanacearum ICMP 7859 i ego modifitsirovannogo proizvodnogo.

Coordinational compound of the Ralstonia solanacearum ICMP 7859 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with germanium was obtained. The derivative has lost to considerable extent its toxicity (as compared to the initial substance) but preserves immunomodulating activity, interferon-inducing one in particular. Lipid A modification has led to complete loss of interferon-inducing activity. Apparently, phosphate at C4' GlcN II can be responsible for interferon-inducing activity of lipid A, while carboxylic groups of core oligosaccharide or 0-specific polysaccharide, are responsible for that in native molecule of LPS.

[The reproductive characteristics of human adenovirus type 2 in cultures of lymphoblastoid cells with B and T phenotypes]. / Osobennosti reproduktsii adenovirusa cheloveka tipa 2 v kul'turakh limfoblastoidnykh kletok B- i T-fenotipa.

A comparative characteristic of the reproduction process of type 2 human adenovirus in several lines of lymphoblastoid cells of B- and T-phenotype is presented. Formation of hexone and infectious virus in the cells of Jurkat, MT4, Raji lines was rather intensive and approached to that in the culture of the permissive epithelium cells Hep-2. These indices were much lower in the cultures of cells B 95-8 and MT4/BIII LBK which were chronically infected by VEB and HIV, accordingly and produced them that can evidence for the interference of Ad and VEB or Ad and HIV under superinfection of cells. Cells of SEM line possessing T-phenotype, were apparently semi-permissive for Ad h2, though the low almost unchanged content of hexone and infectious virus remains in them for a rather long time: about 15 days. Thus, obtained data within analyzed series of experiments expand the present ideas about lymphotropicity of Ad as their important property realized at the level of cell and infected macroorganism.

[Laferon in the treatment of meningoencephalitis]. / Laferon v lechenii meningoéntsefalita.

Administration of laferon to patients stimulates the blood serum interferon formation, with its peak being reached by 24 h. The evaluation done confirmed the therapeutic efficacy of laferon in meningoencephalites. This was manifested by reduction in duration of certain clinical symptoms, timeterms of spinal fluid sanitation, improvement in immunity parameters and increase in the patients' blood serum level of interferon.

[The therapeutic efficacy of reaferon in meningoencephalitis]. / Terapevticheskaia éffektivnost' reaferona pri meningoéntsefalite.

There have been under observation 63 patients with meningoencephalitis at the age of 15-52 years whose complex treatment included reaferon and 42 patients with the same disease who were not given the drug. Reaferon was noted to be effective in meningoencephalitis. It shortened the period of clinical manifestation of the disease, hastened sanation of the liquor, influenced beneficially interferon production and modulated activity of the natural killers.

[Glycopolymers of Clavibacter michiganense and Pseudomonas solanacearum--interferon inducers]. / Glikopolimery Clavibacter michiganense i Pseudomonas solanacearum--induktory interferona.

A polysaccharide, being an active inductor of gamma-interferon, has been found among glycopolymers of Clavibacter michiganense. Lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas solanacearum is shown to display an interferonogenic activity which is analogous to that of the classical interferon inductor, lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O55: B5. Besides lipid A, core oligosaccharide also contributes much to the interferonogenic activity of P. solanacearum lipopolysaccharide.

[Highly active interferon in the combined treatment of patients with meningoencephalitis]. / Vysokoaktivnyi interferon v kompleksnom lechenii bol'nykh meningoéntsefalitami.

High-active interferon was used in the complex treatment of 49 patients with nervous system diseases of viral-bacterial etiology. A control group of 28 similar patients were also analyzed. A positive clinical effect was observed in early use of interferon. The clinical course of the disease was milder, the duration of clinical symptoms reduced, healing of the CSF was enhanced, the development of protracted forms of the disease was preventable, lethality reduced 2.9 times with interferon in the complex treatment of these patients.

[The mitogenic activity of the glycopolymers from Clavibacter (Corynebacterium) michiganense and Pseudomonas solanacearum]. / Mitogennaia aktivnost' glikopolimerov Clavibacter (Corynebacterium) michiganense i Pseudomonas solanacearum.

A comparative study of the mitogenic activity of glycopolymers has shown that the activity of polysaccharides isolated from Clavibacter michiganense is higher than that of lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas solanacearum and mefenaminic acid (the synthetic mitogen). Lipid A and the core oligosaccharide fraction are established to be responsible for the mitogenic activity of the P. solanacearum lipopolysaccharide. O-specific chains and fractions of KDO-phosphates do not manifest the mitogenic activity.

[A clinical and experimental study of longatsef]. / Kliniko-éksperimental'noe izuchenie longatsefa.

Data are reported of the results of clinical trials of the therapeutic efficacy of longaceph--a drug of the new generation of cephalosporins with a long period of half-decay--in acute pneumonia complicating influenza in 42 patients. The sensitivity of 120 microbial strains to longaceph was also studied. It was established that cephalosporin possesses a high efficacy in diseases caused by gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. A high degree of sensitivity to longaceph was observed in pneumococci biogenous and Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis, klebsiellae and escherichiae. A new property of longaceph was found, namely, its capacity to stimulate the formation of endogenous interferon.