Profile of food and nutrient intake among Indonesian elderly population and factors associated with energy intake: a multi-centre study.

AIM: to obtain profile of food and nutrient intake in Indonesian elderly population and factors associated with energy intake. METHODS: multi-center cross sectional study in 13 hospitals across Indonesia was conducted among 387 elderly who had attended geriatric clinics. Data collected including demographic characteristics, functional status, cognitive status, mental status, nutritional status, food intake, present activities, and data on chronic diseases. Chi square and logistic regression tests were performed to analyze the data. RESULTS: most of subjects (58.4%) were women and had educational background senior high school or higher degree (61.1%). The average of energy intake was 1266.74 (336.51) kilocalories. Calcium and protein intake were below the recommended of dietary allowance. female sex (OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.139-0.390) and osteoporotic subjects (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.25-0.93) have lower risk for having <80% RDA daily energy intake, while lower educational level (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.21-3.18) has higher risk for having <80% RDA daily energy intake. CONCLUSION: total energy intake were inadequate in the elderly. Female sex and osteoporotic subjects have lower risk for having <80% RDA daily energy intake, while lower educational level has higher risk for having <80% RDA daily energy intake.

Cut-off of anthropometry measurement and nutritional status among elderly outpatient in Indonesia: multi-centre study.

AIM: To obtain the cut-off value of anthropometric measurements and nutritional status of elderly in Indonesia. METHODS: A multicentre-cross sectional study was performed at 9 hospitals in Indonesia. The data collected comprises of samples characteristics, anthropometric measurements (weight, height, trisep, bisep, subscapular, suprailiac, and circumference of the hip, waist, arm, calf, and thigh), albumin value, MNA score and ADL Index of Barthel. RESULTS: A total of 702 subjects were collected. The average value of serum albumin is 4.28 g/dl, with 98% subjects had normal serum albumin (> 3.5 g/dl). The mean MNA score and BMI was 23.07 and 22.54 respectively. Most of subjects (56.70%) had risk of malnutrition based on MNA score, and 45.01% had normal nutritional status based on body mass index. Average value of several anthropometric measures (weight, stature, and body mass index; sub-scapular and supra-iliac skinfolds; thigh, calf, mid-arm, and waist circumferences) in various age groups in both groups of women and men were obtained. Cut-off values of various anthropometric indicators were also analyzed in this study with MNA as a gold standard. CONCLUSION: This study showed age related anthropometric measurement differences in both men and women aged 60 years and older.