Joint condition monitoring framework of wind turbines based on multi-task learning with poor-quality data.

Effective condition monitoring can improve the reliability of the turbine and reduce its downtime. However, due to the complexity of the operating conditions, the monitoring data is always mixed with poor-quality data. Poor-quality data mixed in monitoring tasks disrupts long-term dependency on data, which challenges traditional condition monitoring methods to work. To solve it, a joint reparameterization feature pyramid network (JRFPN) is proposed. Firstly, three different reparameterization tricks are designed to reform temporal information and exchange cross-temporal information, to alleviate the damage of long-term dependency. Secondly, a joint condition monitoring framework is designed, aiming to suppress feature confounding between poor-quality data and faulty data. The auxiliary task is trained to extract the degradation trend. The main task fights against feature confounding and dynamically delineates the failure threshold. The degradation trend and failure threshold decisions are corrected for each other to make the final joint state inference. Besides, considering the different quality of the monitoring variables, a channel weighting mechanism is designed to strengthen the ability of JRFPN. The measured data proved that JRFPN is more effective than other methods.

Treatment of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia in rats with the Wen Run Fei Ning formula: A preliminary study.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of Wen Run Fei Ning formula (WRFNF) intervention in class I integron-mediated carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS: A drug-susceptibility test and PCR amplification were used to screen for carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae containing class I integrons. Following nasal drip and tail vein injection to infect healthy male rats with carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae, three models were created: control (group A); model (group B, tail vein injection); and model-WRFNF treatment group (group C, by tail vein injection). Rats in Group C were gavaged with pre-warmed WRFNF extract. On the third, fifth, and seventh days after the experiment, the rats in groups A and B were gavaged with an equal quantity of saline and killed in batches. RESULTS: Group C showed considerably higher serum IL-6 and TNF- levels on days 3, 5, and 7 compared to group A, as well as a significant increase in peripheral blood leukocyte count and a histopathologic inflammatory cell infiltration of the lungs. As the WRFNF delivery duration was prolonged, group C's histopathologic inflammatory cell infiltration gradually improved in contrast to group B, with the biggest improvement occurring on day 7. Compared to group B, group C's serum IL-6 and TNF- levels were lower. When the trial's duration was increased to 7 days, the levels of IL-6 and TNF- in group C decreased on day 7 compared to on day 5. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: WRFNF decreased inflammatory cell infiltration as well as IL-6 and TNF expression in the lung of the rats infected with carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae.

High-precision turning and ultra-smooth direct polishing of aluminum alloy mirrors.

Due to the high surface roughness requirements of aluminum alloy mirrors used in the visible light band, there are still great challenges in single point diamond turning of high-surface quality aluminum alloy mirrors. In this paper, a processing method for aluminum alloy mirrors is proposed. Based on single point diamond turning technology, the prediction model of aluminum alloy surface roughness was established. The mapping relationship between the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy mirror and each turning parameter was obtained, and the maximum possible surface quality was achieved. On the basis of the turning results, the method of small tool polishing was used to remove the turning texture generated by the copy effect of the tool arc radius, suppress errors of the medium and high-frequency, and reduce the surface roughness. The single abrasive removal efficiency model was established and mechanical removal in the polishing process was analyzed. Combined with the chemical action in the polishing process, two types of polishing liquid-acidic and neutral, were prepared and analyzed. The optimal polishing parameters were obtained through multiple single-factor experiments. On the basis of this, the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy after turning was optimized. The results show that the value was reduced from 4.811 to 1.482 nm, an increase of 69.2%. This method can effectively improve the machining accuracy of aluminum alloy mirrors and provide an important process guarantee for the application of aluminum alloy materials in visible-light systems.

Embedding CsPbBr3 Quantum Dots into an In2O3 Nanotube for Selective Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Hydrocarbon Fuels.

Halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) are one of the most prospective candidates for photocatalytic CO2 reduction, but their photocatalytic performances are far from satisfactory due to structural instability and severe charge recombination. In this study, we demonstrated a CsPbBr3 QDs/In2O3 hierarchical nanotube (CPB/IO) for efficient CO2 conversion, in which CsPbBr3 QDs were well-dispersed on the In-MOF-derived In2O3 nanotube by a facile self-assembly process. The optimized CPB/IO catalyst displayed an enhanced photocatalytic CO2 performance with a (CO + CH4) generation rate of 16.37 µmol·g-1·h-1 upon simulated solar illumination without a photosensitizer and sacrificial agent, which is 3.59 times stronger than that of pristine CsPbBr3 QDs (4.56 µmol·g-1·h-1). Besides, the modified CsPbBr3 QD catalyst exhibited an obvious increase of CH4 selectivity and excellent stability after four cycles. The unique zero-dimensional (0D)/one-dimensional (1D) heterostructure and matching band potentials between CsPbBr3 and In2O3 supply an intimate interfacial contact, numerous active sites, and effective charge transfer for CO2 photoreduction. This work can inspire the formation of novel halide-perovskite-involving photocatalysts for solar fuel formation.

Carbon-Dots-Modified Hierarchical ZnIn2S4/Ni-Al LDH Heterojunction with Boosted Charge Transfer for Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic H2 Evolution.

The construction of a heterojunction structure is considered a significant route to promote solar-driven H2 production. Herein, a CDs/ZnIn2S4/Ni-Al LDHs (CDZNA) ternary heterojunction was elaborately constructed via the in situ growth of ZnIn2S4 on Ni-Al LDHs with the incorporation of carbon dots (CDs) cocatalyst, which was used as a highly efficient catalyst for the photocatalytic H2 generation. Characterizations indicated that 2D ZnIn2S4 nanosheet homogeneously dispersed on the surface of Ni-Al LDHs fabricated an intimate hierarchical architecture and provided a high BET surface area (135.12 m2 g-1). In addition, the unique embeddable-dispersed CDs as electron mediators possessed numerous active sites and promoted the charge separation on ZnIn2S4/Ni-Al LDHs (ZNA) binary catalyst. By coupling these two features, the CDZNA catalyst exhibited a considerable H2 production rate of 23.1 mmol g-1 h-1 under visible-light illumination, which was 16.4 and 1.4 times higher than those of ZnIn2S4 and ZNA, respectively. A proposed mechanism of photocatalytic H2 production over the CDZNA catalyst was also discussed. This work provides a promising strategy to achieve highly efficient solar energy conversion in a ternary photocatalytic system.

Oridonin attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis by inhibiting NLRP3 and activating Nrf2 in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

Oridonin, a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicinal product isolated from Isodon rubescens (Hemsl.) H.Hara, has many potential properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, there is no evidence whether oridonin have a protective effect on atherosclerosis. This study focused on the effects of oridonin on oxidative stress and inflammation generated from atherosclerosis. The therapeutic effect on atherosclerosis was evaluated by intraperitoneal injection of oridonin in a high-fat fed ApoE-/- mouse model. We isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages and detected the effect of oridonin on oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced lipid deposition. Oil red O staining, Masson's staining, dihydroethidium fluorescence staining, immunohistochemical staining, western blotting analysis, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative real-time PCR were used to evaluate the effect on atherosclerosis and explore the mechanisms. Oridonin treatment significantly alleviated the progression of atherosclerosis, reduced macrophage infiltration and stabilized plaques. Oridonin could significantly inhibit inflammation associated with NLRP3 activation. Oridonin significantly reduced oxidative stress by blocking Nrf2 ubiquitination and degradation. We also found that oridonin could prevent the formation of foam cells by increasing lipid efflux protein and reducing lipid uptake protein in macrophages. Oridonin has a protective effect on atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice, which may be related to the inhibition of NLRP3 and the stabilization of Nrf2. Therefore, oridonin may be a potential therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis.

Three-Component Synthesis of Isoquinolone Derivatives via Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H Activation and Tandem Annulation.

A one-pot three-component synthesis of multifunctionalized isoquinolones from 2-oxazolines, iodonium ylides, and carboxylic acids via Rh(III)-catalyzed oxazolinyl-directed C-H activation and tandem annulation under redox-neutral conditions has been developed. This catalytic system is characterized by readily available starting materials, a wide tolerance of functional groups, a short reaction time, and high yields. The synthetic utility of the cascade reaction was further demonstrated by a gram-scale synthesis and derivatization of the obtained products.

Relationship of the Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio with a Vulnerable Plaque in Patients with Severe Carotid Artery Stenosis: A Case-Control Study in the Han Chinese Population.

BACKGROUND: Carotid plaque is often an important factor in ischemic stroke after it changes from stable to vulnerable, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) are associated with plaque vulnerability. We aimed to investigate whether the LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, an easily available and novel biomarker, is associated with vulnerable plaques and enhances the warning effect on vulnerability compared to LDL-c or HDL-c alone. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 187 patients with severe CAS admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery at the Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2019 to July 2021. They were divided into a stable plaque group and a vulnerable plaque group according to carotid ultrasonography, carotid angiography (CTA), and plaque pathology. Baseline information was collected and compared between the two groups. Correlation analysis was used to determine the degree of correlation between clinical variables. Univariate and multifactor logistic regression analyses were used to examine independent risk factors for vulnerable plaque in patients with severe CAS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the capacity of LDL-c/HDL-c to predict the occurrence of vulnerable plaque. RESULTS: The age of the vulnerable plaque group was 68.12 ± 8.90 years, with 85 males (89.91%); the age of the stable plaque group was 68.77 ± 8.43 years, with 70 males (89.74%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that LDL-c/HDL-c, smoking and diabetes were independent risk factors for vulnerable plaque (all P <0.05). The risk of vulnerable plaque was 4.78-fold greater in the highest LDL-c/HDL-c quartile (≥ 2.63) than in the lowest quartile (≤ 1.31) (P-trend <0.001), and the area under the ROC curve for LDL-c/HDL-c (AUC=0.681, P <0.001) was higher than that for LDL-c and HDL-c. CONCLUSION: LDL-c/HDL-c, smoking and diabetes were independent risk factors for vulnerable plaque in patients with severe CAS, and LDL-c/HDL-c had a higher predictive value for the presence of vulnerable plaque compared with other lipid parameters.

Community and individual iodine status assessment in premenopausal women in Shanxi, China: Repeated spot urine versus 24-hour urine.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Urinary iodine is an essential index of iodine nutrition evaluation. To establish the number of repeated spot urine collections necessary to reflect individual iodine status over 2 months and assess its feasibility to serve as an independent indicator of individual iodine status. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: We performed a longitudinal, 2-months study from May to June in 2015 of 23 apparently healthy Chinese women aged 18 to 44 (32±9) y. Spot urine samples were collected on any two days of the week, and 24-h urine samples were collected once every 6 days. RESULTS: 368 spot urine and 230 24-h urine samples were analysed. The median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was 140.5 (75.2, 246.9) µg/L. The estimated 24-h urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIE) values from spot urine samples and measured 24-h UIE values from 24-h urine samples were 348±240 µg/24h and 330±216 µg/24h (p=0.003), respectively. Irrespective of the urinary iodine method, the intra- individual coefficient of variation (CV%) was lower than the inter-individual CV%. Bland-Altman analysis revealed differences between spot urine and 24-h urine. When the precision ranges with 95% confidence were ±15%, ±20%, ±25% or 30%, the number of an individual's spot urine samples required were 30, 16, 11 or 8, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated spot urine is not a feasible way to assess recent individual iodine intake. The development of a multi-indicator system could provide an acceptable individual evaluation index of iodine status.