The effects of aquatic, isometric strength-stretching and aerobic exercise on physical and psychological parameters of female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome.

[Purpose] There are various treatment modalities for fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), which is characterized by widespread pain and fatigue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aquatic, aerobic and isometric strength-stretching exercises on the physical and psychological parameters of patients with FMS. [Subjects and Methods] Seventy five female patients with FMS were randomly selected and divided into three groups. Patients (18-50 years) were treated for 3 months using one of three methods: a home-based isometric strength and stretching exercise program (ISSEP), a gym-based aerobic exercise program (AEP), and a pool-based aquatic aerobic exercise program (AAEP). Items evaluated were: the number of tender points, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), SF-36 physical and mental health scores, and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). [Results] The results revealed that AAEP was the most effective treatment of the three. All of the groups showed significant improvements in all variables between pre-and post-test, except the mean values of VAS and BDI in ISSEP. [Conclusion] The results suggest that aquatic aerobic exercise program is more effective than AEP and ISSEP in the treatment of FMS.

[In vitro cultivation of Echinococcus granulosus]. / Echinococcus granulosus'un in vitro Kültürü

Hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease that is caused by larva of Echinococcus species. It affects animals and humans and is very important from the aspect of health and economy. There have been many studies concerning the biology, physiology and biochemistry of Echinococcus granulosus which is responsible for hydatidosis in both humans and animals in Turkey. Frequently in vitro culture methods have been used in antigen production, vaccine and drug development. In this article, the in vitro culture of E. granulosus has been examined under various headings.

[Alternative control approaches for helminth infections]. / Helmint enfeksiyonlarinda alternatif kontrol yaklasimlari

The prevention strategies for parasite diseases implemented today depended on the medicine treatments. Furthermore it causes many problems about medicines and increasing economic costs. This situation gets it more reasonable to control parasites with alternative methods. In this article alternative approaches in which medicines are not used will be examined.