Frequency of depression and correlates among Chinese children and adolescents living in poor areas under the background of targeted poverty alleviation: results of a survey in Weining county.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of epidemiological data on depressive morbidity in children and adolescents in rural China. This study determines the frequency and correlates of depression among children and adolescents to offer useful insights for family education and government policy-making in rural China. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between April 20 to May 10, 2022. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the correlative factors of depression were analyzed. RESULTS: In this study, 23,180 children and adolescents were enrolled (median (range) age: 12 (9-18) years); of them, 8,261 (35.6%) suffered from depression with a CES-D score of > 15. The onset of depression was significantly related to age, grade, gender, parental absence, attending key schools or classes, presence of moderate or severe internet addiction (IA), school record, social relationships, parental occupation, and education status. Furthermore, female gender (OR = 1.175; 95% CI: 1.108-1.247; p < 0.001), junior middle school (OR = 1.487; 95% CI: 1.380-1.601; p < 0.001), parental absence (OR = 1.272; 95% CI: 1.183-1.367; p < 0.001), attending key schools (OR = 1.221; 95% CI: 1.120-1.332; p < 0.001), attending key classes (OR = 1.099; 95% CI: 1.001-1.207; p = 0.048), and presence of moderate or above IA (OR = 13.593; 95% CI: 12.028-15.361; p < 0.001) were the most prominent independent factors for depression. CONCLUSION: Depression is very common among Chinese children and adolescents living in poor areas of Weining County. Older age, higher school grade, female gender, parental absence, attending key schools or classes, and the presence of moderate to severe IA are some important factors that may dictate the occurrence of depression in these children and adolescents.

The effects of job characteristics, organizational justice and work engagement on nursing care quality in China: A mediated effects analysis.

AIM: To analyse the structural associations among job characteristics, organizational justice, work engagement and nursing care quality in Chinese nurses. BACKGROUND: Nursing care quality helps ensure patient safety, which are core concerns. The explicit relationships among the study's variables from a management perspective can help hospital managers to implement effective strategies to improve nursing care quality. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the relationships among the variables in 1,615 nurses in eight Chinese tertiary hospitals. Structural equation modelling was used to test a proposed model of these relationships. RESULTS: The scores of job characteristics, organizational justice, work engagement and nursing care quality were 3.55 ± 0.41, 3.84 ± 0.77, 4.67 ± 1.30 and 3.42 ± 0.70. Job characteristics and organizational justice had direct effects on nursing care quality. Work engagement mediated the relationship of nursing care quality with job characteristics and organizational justice. The final model explained 24% of nursing care quality. CONCLUSION: The results provide a better understanding of the associations between the study's variables. Perceived job characteristics and organizational justice can improve nursing care quality through work engagement. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Reconfiguring work design to strengthen nurses' positive perceptions of job characteristics and organizational justice can enhance nursing care quality.