RESUMO
The structural polymorphism of the IPK1 gene involved in the biosynthesis of phytic acid was studied in 30 samples from three species of the genus Glycine (G. max, G. soja, and G. gracilis). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the sequences of the first and the second introns of the IPK1 gene were found, differences in the length ofmicrosatellite loci located in intron 2 were demonstrated, and a total of six polymorphic variants were identified. Dataon the distribution of the identified alleles among the samples from the working set and the analysis and discussion of these data are given.
Assuntos
Glycine max/genética , Repetições de Microssatélites , Fosfotransferases/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
A comparative study of the genetic structure of natural and anthropogenic populations of G. soja gives significant information about formation of different populations, and allows developing measures for preservation of unique natural gene bank of wild soybean, the species closely related to cultivated soybean. In this study, ISSR markers were used to carry out a comparative analysis of genetic structure of natural and anthropogenic subpopulations of G. soja for studying possible mutual influence of subpopulations of anthropogenic and natural phytocenosis on the formation of their genetic diversity and to study genetic structure of natural subpopulations of wild soybean in the contact places between the two types ofcenoses. As a result, the characteristics that describe the genetic diversity of studied populations have been identified and the important role of an interaction between subpopulations of different phytocenoses on formation of the spatial genetic structure of population in the valley of Tsukanovka river has been demonstrated.
Assuntos
DNA de Plantas/análise , Genoma de Planta , Glycine max/genética , Filogeografia , Biota , Primers do DNA , DNA de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Loci Gênicos , Variação Genética , Rios , Federação RussaRESUMO
Data are presented on the genetic diversity and spatial structure of the natural wild soybean population from the neighborhood of the settlement of Ekaterinovka in Primorskii krai and on the relationship between the genetic structure of this population and its spatial organization. These data are discussed in comparison with the results of studies of wild soybean populations in the Far East region of the Russian Federation and China. Recommendations are given concerning the collection of genetic wild soybean resources.
Assuntos
Variação Genética , Glycine max/genética , China , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Ásia Oriental , Frequência do Gene , Polimorfismo Genético , População , Federação RussaRESUMO
The data are presented on genetic population structure of wild soybean growing in natural and anthropogenically disturbed landscapes of Primorskii krai of the Russian Federation. Comparative analysis showed that wild soybean populations exposed to anthropogenic influence exhibited lower genetic diversity than natural populations. Recommendations on conservation of the wild plant gene pools using comparative data on population genetic structures are made.
Assuntos
Variação Genética , Glycine max/genética , Genética Populacional/métodos , SibériaRESUMO
Wild wheat Triticum boeoticum Boiss. is the rare species are included in the Red Book of Ukraine. This species are reducing the magnitude of population and the area of distribution under anthropogenic activity. We studied genetic structure of two populations of T. boeoticum, located on Sapun Mountain and in Baidar Valley in Crimea. According RAPD and ITE molecular analysis we have estimated that the population of T. boeoticum on Sapun Mountain is genetically more impoverished than a population from the Baidar Valley. For preservation of maximal natural genetic polymorphism of the rare species it is recommended to direct efforts to preservations of a population of T. boeoticum from the Baidar Valley.
Assuntos
Elementos de DNA Transponíveis/genética , DNA de Plantas/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Locos de Características Quantitativas , Triticum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Triticum/genética , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Primers do DNA , Marcadores Genéticos , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico , UcrâniaRESUMO
Wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.) is the nearest relative of a soybean crop (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Study of population genetic structure of wild-growing relatives ofgenetically modified (GM) plants in the centers of their origin is one of the main procedures before introduction of GM crops in these areas. We have studied genetic variability of nine wild growing soya populations of Primorye Territory using RAPD analysis. The level of G. soja genetic variability was considerably higher than that of G. max. We have analyzed phylogenetic relationships in the genus Glycine subgenus Soja using RAPD markers. Our data confirm validity of allocation G. gracilis in a rank of a species.
Assuntos
Qualidade de Produtos para o Consumidor , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Engenharia Genética , Glycine max , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas , Polimorfismo Genético , Primers do DNA , DNA de Plantas/genética , Engenharia Genética/métodos , Engenharia Genética/normas , Marcadores Genéticos , Filogenia , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/genética , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Federação Russa , Glycine max/genética , Glycine max/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Polymorphism of RAPD markers was analyzed in the wild soybean populations from the Far East region of Russia. The level of RAPD marker polymorphism was significantly higher in the wild than in the cultivated soybean. The results obtained suggest active development of genetically different groups of wild soybean. Geographically isolated subpopulations showed maximum distance from the main population of wild soybean.
Assuntos
Variação Genética , Glycine max/genética , Marcadores Genéticos , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico , Federação RussaRESUMO
Some debated issues of the genus Malus (apple) taxonomy were examined using a variety of species from the collection of the Maikop Experimental Station, Vavilon Research Institute of Plant Industry (Krasnodar krai). Phylogenetic relationships among these species were studied using traditional analysis of morphological traits, RAPD, and complete sequencing of the 5'-internal transcribed spacer (ITS1), 5.8S rRNA, 3'-internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) (constituting a cluster of the rRNA genes), and the terminal fragment of the matK gene encoding chloroplast maturase. The results showed that the Sorbomalus section was polyphyletic; the American apple M. fusca was closely related to the species contributing to the East Asian center of the genus origin, and the American species M. angustifolia, M. coronaria, and M. ioensis were closely related to the M. trilobata relict species, whose assignment to the genus Malus is debated by some authors. Molecular analysis of the species relationships showed that the Middle Asian apple M. sieversii is the species from which apple domestication started.
Assuntos
Malus/fisiologia , Filogenia , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico , Ásia , DNA Intergênico , DNA de Plantas , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico , Endorribonucleases/genética , Variação Genética , Malus/genética , Nucleotidiltransferases/genética , RNA Ribossômico 5,8SRESUMO
Association between the RAPD markers and the resistance to race 4 of the black rot causative agent was studied in Brassica rapa L. Experiments were carried out using doubled haploid lines, obtained via crosses between the race 4-susceptible fodder turnip and resistant pak-choi, and the F2 progeny of the crosses between the doubled haploid lines with contrasting resistance. The WE(22)980 RAPD marker inherited from the pak-choi and associated with the clubroot susceptibility was also linked to the locus responsible for the resistance to race 4 of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. The two other RAPD markers were linked to susceptibility to black rot. Simultaneous association of the same DNA markers with the resistance/susceptibility to two different obligate pathogens favored the hypothesis on cluster organization of the resistance genes in plants. The markers described can be used in plant breeding and in further investigation of the genetic bases of resistance in plants.