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1.
Stress Health ; : e3478, 2024 Sep 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39243230

RESUMO

Assess the changes in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), burnout, anxiety, depression, jobstrain, and isostrain levels over time among healthcare workers in emergency departments (EDs) after successive outbreaks of COVID-19. A prospective, multicenter study was conducted in 3 EDs and an emergency medical service. Healthcare workers who participated in our previous study were invited to participate in a follow-up 16 and 18 months and completed the questionnaires to assess symptoms of PTSD, burnout, anxiety, depression, jobstrain, and isostrain. Among the 485 healthcare workers asked to participate, 211 (43.5%) completed the survey at inclusion (122 were followed up at 3 months) and 59 participate to the follow-up study. At 16 months, 10.9% of healthcare workers had symptoms of PTSD and 17.4% at 18 months. At inclusion, 33.5% and 11.7% of healthcare workers had symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively. A decrease in anxiety between inclusion and 16 months (p = 0.02) and an increase between 16 and 18 months (p = 0.009) was observed. At inclusion, 40.8% of all healthcare workers had symptoms of burnout. There was an increase in symptoms of burnout between inclusion and 18 months (p = 0.006). At inclusion, 43.2% and 29.5% of healthcare workers were exposed to jobstrain and isostrain, respectively. Jobstrain were higher among paramedics and administrative staff compared to physicians (p = 0.001 and p = 0.026, respectively). Successive outbreaks of COVID-19 led to long-term mental health consequences among ED healthcare workers that differed according to occupation. This must be taken into account to rethink the management of teams.

2.
Biomed Res Int ; 2024: 8871959, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39286281

RESUMO

Study Objective: The present study is aimed at providing an assessment of the changes in burnout, job strain, isostrain, sleepiness, and fatigue levels over time and identifying factors associated with these symptoms among healthcare workers in French emergency departments (EDs). Method: We conducted a prospective, multicenter study in four EDs and an emergency medical service. Participants completed questionnaires at inclusion and at 90 days to assess burnout, job strain, isostrain, sleepiness, and fatigue. Results: A total of 211 respondents (43.5%) completed the questionnaires at inclusion. At the beginning of the study, 84 (40.8%) participants presented symptoms of burnout, 86 (43.2%) had symptoms of job strain, and 58 (29.4%) of isostrain. Forty-two (20.1%) healthcare workers presented symptoms of sleepiness, and 8 (3.8%) had symptoms of fatigue. We found that symptoms of burnout were more frequent for healthcare workers with a previous psychiatric history (55.3% vs. 39.1%, p = 0.02) and were lower among participants who had at least one dependent child (33.1% vs. 48.3%, p = 0.013). Symptoms of job strain were higher among administrative staff compared to physicians (55.6% vs. 28.7%, p = 0.01) and among healthcare workers with managerial responsibilities compared to those without (45.6% vs. 28.8%, p = 0.015). Symptoms of isostrain were higher among administrative staff (42.3%) compared to paramedics (34.1%) and physicians (19.8%, p = 0.026). Conclusion: We identified that potential factors associated with the emergence of symptoms of burnout and job strain are suggested, underlining several areas of improvement for the prevention against mental health disorders in the specific population of ED healthcare workers. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04383886.


Assuntos
Esgotamento Profissional , COVID-19 , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Pessoal de Saúde , Saúde Mental , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/psicologia , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , SARS-CoV-2 , Fadiga/epidemiologia , França/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Estresse Ocupacional/epidemiologia
3.
BMJ Open ; 14(9): e087444, 2024 Sep 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39237283

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The decisions of withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatments are difficult to make in the context of emergency departments (EDs) because most patients are unable to communicate. Relatives are thus asked to participate in the decision-making process, although they are unprepared to face such situations. We therefore aimed to develop a standardised intervention for announcing decisions of withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatments in EDs and assess the efficacy of the intervention on the stress of relatives. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The DISCUSS trial is a multicentre stepped-wedge cluster randomised study and will be conducted at nine EDs in France. A standardised intervention based on human simulation will be codesigned with partner families and implemented at three levels: the relatives, the healthcare professionals (HCP) and the EDs. The intervention will be compared with a control based on treatment as usual. A total of 538 families are planned to be included: 269 in the intervention group and 269 in the control group. The primary endpoint will be the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at 90 days. The secondary endpoints will be symptoms of PTSD at 7 and 30 days, diagnosis of PTSD at 90 days and anxiety and depression scores at 7, 30 and 90 days. Satisfaction regarding the training, the assertiveness in communication and real-life stress of HCPs will be measured at 90 days. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study was approved by the ethics committee Est III from Nancy and the French national data protection authority. All relatives and HCPs will be informed regarding the study objectives and data confidentiality. Written informed consent will be obtained from participants, as required by French law for this study type. The results from this study will be disseminated at conferences and in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06071078.


Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Família , Suspensão de Tratamento , Humanos , Tomada de Decisões , Família/psicologia , França , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos/terapia , Estresse Psicológico , Suspensão de Tratamento/ética
5.
BMC Health Serv Res ; 24(1): 493, 2024 Apr 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38649979

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Health literacy (HL) has become a subject of major interest in public health worldwide. It is known to be linked to self-efficacy in care use and to global health status, and a non-negligible frequency of problematic or inadequate levels of HL in populations worldwide is reported. As this has yet to be evaluated in France, the present study aimed to evaluate the HL level of patients in a French emergency department (ED). METHODS: We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional observational, single center study in the ED of the Lyon Sud hospital (Hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France). The primary endpoint was the HL level of the patients determined according to the score obtained using the 16-item European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire. The secondary endpoint was the identification of sociodemographic factors associated with the HL level. RESULTS: A total of 189 patients were included for analysis. 10% (95% CI [3%; 17%]) of the patients had an inadequate HL, 38% (95% CI [31%; 45%]) had a problematic HL, and 53% (95% CI [46%; 61%] had an adequate HL. In multivariate analysis, age and perceived health status were independent predictors of the HL level; OR =0.82 (95% CI [0.69; 0.97]; p=0.026) for a 10-year increase in age, and OR =1.84 (95% CI [1.22; 2.82]; p=0.004]). CONCLUSIONS: The HL level of the patients in the ED studied herein was similar to that found in the population of France and other European countries and was influenced by age and perceived health status, which are both associated with care needs. It may be therefore interesting to explore in future studies how taking into consideration HL in the general population may lead to a better self-efficacy in care and optimize the use of the healthcare system.


Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Letramento em Saúde , Humanos , Letramento em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Masculino , França , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto , Idoso , Nível de Saúde
6.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 3702, 2024 02 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38355640

RESUMO

The transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 within hospitals can exceed that in the general community because of more frequent close proximity interactions (CPIs). However, epidemic risk across wards is still poorly described. We measured CPIs directly using wearable sensors given to all present in a clinical ward over a 36-h period, across 15 wards in three hospitals in April-June 2020. Data were collected from 2114 participants and combined with a simple transmission model describing the arrival of a single index case to the ward to estimate the risk of an outbreak. Estimated epidemic risk ranged four-fold, from 0.12 secondary infections per day in an adult emergency to 0.49 per day in general paediatrics. The risk presented by an index case in a patient varied 20-fold across wards. Using simulation, we assessed the potential impact on outbreak risk of targeting the most connected individuals for prevention. We found that targeting those with the highest cumulative contact hours was most impactful (20% reduction for 5% of the population targeted), and on average resources were better spent targeting patients. This study reveals patterns of interactions between individuals in hospital during a pandemic and opens new routes for research into airborne nosocomial risk.


Assuntos
Hospitais , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto , Humanos , Criança , Surtos de Doenças , Pandemias/prevenção & controle
7.
Eur J Emerg Med ; 31(3): 201-207, 2024 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38329117

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Several studies reported that violent behaviours were committed by patients against healthcare professionals in emergency departments (EDs). The presence of mediators could prevent or resolve situations of tension. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the presence of mediators in EDs would have an impact on violent behaviours committed by patients or their relatives against healthcare professionals. Design, settings and participants A 6-period cluster randomised crossover trial was performed in 4 EDs during 12 months. Patients aged ≥18 and their relatives were included. INTERVENTION: In order to prevent or resolve situations of tension and conflict, four mediators were recruited.Outcome measure and analysis Using a logistic regression mixed model, the rate of ED visits in which at least one act of violence was committed by a patient or their relatives, reported by healthcare professionals, was compared between the intervention group and the control group. RESULTS: A total of 50 429 ED visits were performed in the mediator intervention group and 50 851 in the control group. The mediators reported 1365 interventions; >50% of the interventions were to answer questions about clinical management or waiting time. In the intervention group, 173 acts of violence were committed during 129 ED visits, and there were 145 acts of violence committed during 106 ED visits in the control group. The rate of ED visits in which at least one act of violence was committed, was 0.26% in the intervention group and 0.21% in the control group (OR = 1.23; 95% CI [0.73-2.09]); on a 4-level seriousness scale, 41.6% of the acts of violence were rated level-1 (acts of incivility or rudeness) in the intervention group and 40.0% in the control group. CONCLUSION: The presence of mediators in the ED was not associated with a reduction in violent or uncivil behaviours committed by patients or their relatives. However, the study highlighted that patients had a major need for information regarding their care; improving communication between patients and healthcare professionals might reduce the violence in EDs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03139110).


Assuntos
Estudos Cross-Over , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Violência , Humanos , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Análise por Conglomerados , Adulto Jovem
8.
Med Educ Online ; 29(1): 2308955, 2024 Dec 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38290044

RESUMO

The development of leadership skills has been the topic of several position statements over recent decades, and the need of medical leaders for a specific training was emphasized during the COVID-19 crisis, to enable them to adequately collaborate with governments, populations, civic society, organizations, and universities. However, differences persist as to the way such skills are taught, at which step of training, and to whom. From these observations and building on previous experience at the University of Ottawa, a team of medical professors from Lyon (France), Ottawa, and Montreal (Canada) universities decided to develop a specific medical leadership training program dedicated to faculty members taking on leadership responsibilities. This pilot training program was based on a holistic vision of a transformation model for leadership development, the underlying principle of which is that leaders are trained by leaders. All contributors were eminent French and Canadian stakeholders. The model was adapted to French faculty members, following an inner and outer analysis of their specific needs, both contextual and related to their time constraints. This pilot program, which included 10 faculty members from Lyon, was selected to favor interactivity and confidence in older to favor long-term collaborations between them and contribute to institutional changes from the inner; it combined several educational methods mixing interactive plenary sessions and simulation exercises during onescholar year. All the participants completed the program and expressed global satisfaction with it, validating its acceptability by the target. Future work will aim to develop the program, integrate evaluation criteria, and transform it into a graduating training.


Assuntos
Currículo , Liderança , Humanos , Idoso , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Canadá , Docentes , Docentes de Medicina , Desenvolvimento de Programas
9.
Rev Infirm ; 72(295): 42-44, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37952996

RESUMO

Mobile emergency and resuscitation teams are confronted with death on a daily basis. In the home, the management of a death is complex. It raises ethical questions and sometimes destabilizes personal or collective values. Our single-center qualitative survey, conducted over a one-month period (2022), questioned 64/154 caregivers about the moral burden and challenges of such situations. The consequences of operational experience are discussed: time, fatigue, emotions and training. The quality of presence is an alternative to the success or failure of cardiac arrest care at home.


Assuntos
Parada Cardíaca , Medicina Hospitalar , Humanos , Parada Cardíaca/terapia , Cuidadores , Ressuscitação , Morte
10.
Can J Anaesth ; 70(11): 1816-1827, 2023 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37749366

RESUMO

PURPOSE: We aimed to describe the ethical issues encountered by health care workers during the first COVID-19 outbreak in French intensive care units (ICUs), and the factors associated with their emergence. METHODS: This descriptive multicentre survey study was conducted by distributing a questionnaire to 26 French ICUs, from 1 June to 1 October 2020. Physicians, residents, nurses, and orderlies who worked in an ICU during the first COVID-19 outbreak were included. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to identify the factors associated with ethical issues. RESULTS: Among the 4,670 questionnaires sent out, 1,188 responses were received, giving a participation rate of 25.4%. Overall, 953 participants (80.2%) reported experiencing issue(s) while caring for patients during the first COVID-19 outbreak. The most common issues encountered concerned the restriction of family visits in the ICU (91.7%) and the risk of contamination for health care workers (72.3%). Nurses and orderlies faced this latter issue more than physicians (adjusted odds ratio [ORa], 2.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.87 to 4.76; P < 0.001 and ORa, 4.35; 95% CI, 2.08 to 9.12; P < 0.001, respectively). They also faced more the issue "act contrary to the patient's advance directives" (ORa, 4.59; 95% CI, 1.74 to 12.08; P < 0.01 and ORa, 10.65; 95% CI, 3.71 to 30.60; P < 0.001, respectively). A total of 1,132 (86.9%) respondents thought that ethics training should be better integrated into the initial training of health care workers. CONCLUSION: Eight out of ten responding French ICU health care workers experienced ethical issues during the first COVID-19 outbreak. Identifying these issues is a first step towards anticipating and managing such issues, particularly in the context of potential future health crises.


RéSUMé: OBJECTIF: Notre objectif était de décrire les enjeux éthiques rencontrés par les personnels de santé lors de la première éclosion de COVID-19 dans les unités de soins intensifs (USI) françaises, ainsi que les facteurs associés à leur apparition. MéTHODE: Cette enquête multicentrique descriptive a été réalisée en distribuant un questionnaire à 26 unités de soins intensifs françaises, du 1er juin au 1er octobre 2020. Les médecins, les internes, le personnel infirmier et les aides-soignant·es qui travaillaient dans une unité de soins intensifs pendant la première éclosion de COVID-19 ont été inclus·es. Des modèles de régression logistique multiple ont été réalisés pour identifier les facteurs associés aux questions éthiques. RéSULTATS: Parmi les 4670 questionnaires envoyés, 1188 réponses ont été reçues, soit un taux de participation de 25,4 %. Dans l'ensemble, 953 personnes participantes (80,2 %) ont déclaré avoir éprouvé un ou des problèmes alors qu'elles s'occupaient de patient·es lors de la première éclosion de COVID-19. Les problèmatiques les plus fréquemment rencontrées concernaient la restriction des visites des familles dans les USI (91,7 %) et le risque de contamination pour les personnels de la santé (72,3 %). Le personnel infirmier et les aides-soignant·es étaient davantage confronté·es à ce dernier problème que les médecins (rapport de cotes ajusté [RCa], 2,98; intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 %, 1,87 à 4,76; P < 0,001 et RCa, 4.35; IC 95 %, 2,08 à 9,12; P < 0,001, respectivement), tout comme ils étaient davantage confrontées à la question d'« agir contrairement aux directives médicales anticipées du/de la patient·e ¼ (RCa, 4,59; IC 95 %, 1,74 à 12,08; P < 0,01 et RCa, 10,65; IC 95 %, 3,71 à 30,60; P < 0,001, respectivement). Au total, 1132 répondant·es (86,9 %) estimaient que la formation en éthique devrait être mieux intégrée à la formation initiale des personnels de santé. CONCLUSION: Huit travailleuses et travailleurs de santé français·es des soins intensifs sur dix ont été confronté·es à des problèmes éthiques lors de la première éclosion de COVID-19. L'identification de ces enjeux est une première étape vers leur anticipation et leur gestion, en particulier dans le contexte d'éventuelles crises sanitaires futures.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Humanos , Cuidados Críticos , Cuidadores , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Inquéritos e Questionários , Surtos de Doenças
12.
BMC Health Serv Res ; 23(1): 897, 2023 Aug 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37612727

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to describe the use of patient partnership, as defined by the Montreal Model, in emergency departments (EDs) in France and report the perception of patient partnership from both the practitioner and patient perspectives. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2020 and October 2020. First, a survey was sent to 146 heads of EDs in both teaching hospitals and non-teaching hospitals in France to assess the current practices in terms of patient partnership in service organization, research, and teaching. The perceived barriers and facilitators of the implementation of such an approach were also recorded. Then, semi-structured telephone interviews were carried out with patients involved in a service re-organization project. RESULTS: A total of 48 answers (response rate 32.9%) to the survey were received; 33.3% of respondents involved patients in projects relating to service re-organization, 20.8% involved patients in teaching projects, and 4.2% in research projects. Overall, 60.4% of the respondents were willing to involve patients in re-organization or teaching projects. The main barriers mentioned for establishing patient partnership were difficulties regarding patient recruitment and lack of time. The main advantages mentioned were the improvement in patient/caregiver relationship and new ideas to improve healthcare. When interviewed, patients mentioned the desire to improve healthcare and the necessity to involve people with different profiles and backgrounds. A too important personal commitment was the most frequently raised barrier to their engagement. All the patients recognized their positive role, and more generally, the positive role of patient engagement in service re-organization. CONCLUSION: Although this preliminary study indicates a rather positive perception of patient partnership among heads of EDs in France and partner patients, this approach is still not widely applied in practice.


Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Instalações de Saúde , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , França , Hospitais de Ensino
13.
Intensive Care Med Exp ; 11(1): 51, 2023 Aug 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37574520

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The immuno-receptor Triggering Expressed on Myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is activated during bacterial infectious diseases, where it amplifies the inflammatory response. Small studies suggest that TREM-1 could be involved in viral infections, including COVID-19. We here aim to decipher whether plasma concentration of the soluble form of TREM-1 (sTREM-1) could predict the outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. METHODS: We conducted a multicentre prospective observational study in 3 university hospitals in France. Consecutive hospitalized patients with confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 were enrolled. Plasma concentration of sTREM-1 was measured on admission and then at days 4, 6, 8, 14, 21, and 28 in patients admitted into an ICU (ICU cohort: ICUC) or 3 times a week for patients hospitalized in a medical ward (Conventional Cohort: ConvC). Clinical and biological data were prospectively recorded and patients were followed-up for 90 days. For medical ward patients, the outcome was deemed complicated in case of requirement of increased oxygen supply > 5 L/min, transfer to an ICU, or death. For Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients, complicated outcome was defined by death in the ICU. RESULTS: Plasma concentration of sTREM-1 at inclusion was higher in ICU patients (n = 269) than in medical ward patients (n = 562) (224 pg/mL (IQR 144-320) vs 147 pg/mL (76-249), p < 0.0001), and higher in patients with a complicated outcome in both cohorts: 178 (94-300) vs 135 pg/mL (70-220), p < 0.0001 in the ward patients, and 342 (288-532) vs 206 pg/mL (134-291), p < 0.0001 in the ICU patients. Elevated sTREM-1 baseline concentration was an independent predictor of complicated outcomes (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.5 (1.1-2.1), p = 0.02 in ward patients; HR = 3.8 (1.8-8.0), p = 0.0003 in ICU patients). An sTREM-1 plasma concentration of 224 pg/mL had a sensitivity of 42%, and a specificity of 76% in the ConvC for complicated outcome. In the ICUC, a 287 pg/mL cutoff had a sensitivity of 78%, and a specificity of 74% for death. The sTREM-1 concentrations increased over time in the ConvC patients with a complicated outcome (p = 0.017), but not in the ICUC patients. CONCLUSIONS: In COVID-19 patients, plasma concentration of sTREM-1 is an independent predictor of the outcome, although its positive and negative likelihood ratio are not good enough to guide clinical decision as a standalone marker.

14.
Eur J Emerg Med ; 30(6): 438-444, 2023 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37526102

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Although shoulder dislocation diagnosis is often solely based on clinical examination, physicians may order a radiograph to rule out a concomitant shoulder fracture before performing reduction. The Fresno-Québec decision rule aims to identify patients requiring a radiograph before reduction to avoid unnecessary systematic imaging. However, this novel approach needs further validation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of the Fresno-Québec rule in identifying patients who do not require a prereduction radiograph and assess the variables associated with a clinically significant fracture. DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study from 2015 to 2021. Data were extracted from three ED university-affiliated tertiary-care centers. Patients aged ≥18 years with a final diagnosis of anterior glenohumeral dislocation were included. OUTCOMES MEASURE AND ANALYSIS: Accuracy metrics [sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR)] of the Fresno-Québec rule were measured. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify variables associated with the presence of a concomitant clinically significant fracture. MAIN RESULTS: A total of 2129 patients were included, among whom 9.7% had a concomitant fracture. The performance metrics of the Fresno-Québec rule were as follows: Se 0.96 95% confidence interval (0.92-0.98), Sp 0.36 (0.34-0.38), PPV 0.14 (0.12-0.16), NPV 0.99 (0.98-0.99), PLR 1.49 (1.42-1.55) and NLR 0.12 (0.06-0.23). A total of 678 radiographs could have been avoided, corresponding to a reduction of 35.2%. Age ≥40 years, first dislocation episode [odds ratio (OR) = 3.18 (1.95-5.38); P  < 0.001], the following mechanisms: road collision [OR = 6.26 (2.65-16.1)], low-level fall [OR = 3.49 (1.66-8.28)], high-level fall [OR = 3.95 (1.62-10.4)], and seizure/electric shock [OR = 10.6 (4.09-29.2)] were associated with the presence of a concomitant fracture. CONCLUSION: In this study, the Fresno-Québec rule has excellent Se in identifying concomitant clinically significant fractures in patients with an anterior glenohumeral dislocation. The use of this clinical decision rule may be associated with a reduction of approximately a third of unnecessary prereduction radiographs.


Assuntos
Luxação do Ombro , Fraturas do Ombro , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Luxação do Ombro/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Radiografia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Fraturas do Ombro/diagnóstico por imagem
15.
Eur J Pain ; 27(10): 1203-1215, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37434490

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Pain empathy is essential for high-quality of care. The cognitive ability to identify and understand the pain in others remains underexplored in the context of hospital shift work. This study aimed to observe the early subliminal ability to detect pain in other faces and to investigate pain intensity evaluations during day and night shifts. METHODS: Twenty-one nurses (31 ± 7 years, 20 women) from cardio-paediatric intensive care participated in this study. Eighteen nurses completed all testing in the morning and evening hours, before and after the 12-hour day and night shift. In the first test, the nurses had to decide if facial stimuli presented subliminally showed pain or not. During the second test, they consciously determined the intensity of the painful faces on a numerical scale. Sleep, sleepiness and empathy were also measured. RESULTS: Recognition accuracy and pain sensitivity remained stable over time, only sensitivity increased following the work shift (F(1,15) = 7.10, p = 0.018). Intensity ratings remained stable. Sleepiness at the end of the night shift was negatively correlated with accuracy (ρ = -0.51, p = 0.018) and positively correlated with prior night shifts (ρ = -0.50, p = 0.022). CONCLUSION: The judgement of facial pain expressions seems robust across shift types, only individual factors such as sleepiness interfere with pain recognition. Pain sensitivity may be enhanced during working hours. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Some professions need to know how to assess pain 24/7 and a lack of sleep can disrupt the cognitive processes necessary for this assessment. Night shifts provoke a bias in pain management, and sleep deprivation, a decrease in pain evaluation. By conducting a repeated measure study in the field that applied a different paradigm (subliminal recognition of facial cues) we add evidence to the understanding of pain recognition and the impact of sleep deprivation on the early processing of pain in others.

16.
Ann Intern Med ; 176(6): 761-768, 2023 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37216659

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Recently, validated clinical decision rules have been developed that avoid unnecessary use of computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) in the emergency department (ED). OBJECTIVE: To measure any resulting change in CTPA use for suspected PE. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: 26 European EDs in 6 countries. PATIENTS: Patients with CTPA performed for suspected PE in the ED during the first 7 days of each odd month between January 2015 and December 2019. MEASUREMENTS: The primary end points were the CTPAs done for suspected PE in the ED and the number of PEs diagnosed in the ED each year adjusted to an annual census of 100 000 ED visits. Temporal trends were estimated using generalized linear mixed regression models. RESULTS: 8970 CTPAs were included (median age, 63 years; 56% female). Statistically significant temporal trends for more frequent use of CTPA (836 per 100 000 ED visits in 2015 vs. 1112 in 2019; P < 0.001), more diagnosed PEs (138 per 100 000 in 2015 vs. 164 in 2019; P = 0.028), a higher proportion of low-risk PEs (annual percent change [APC], 13.8% [95% CI, 2.6% to 30.1%]) with more ambulatory management (APC, 19.3% [CI, 4.1% to 45.1%]), and a lower proportion of intensive care unit admissions (APC, -8.9% [CI, -17.1% to -0.3%]) were observed. LIMITATION: Data were limited to 7 days every 2 months. CONCLUSION: Despite the recent validation of clinical decision rules to limit the use of CTPA, an increase in the CTPA rate along with more diagnosed PEs and especially low-risk PEs were instead observed. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: None specific for this study.


Assuntos
Embolia Pulmonar , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Embolia Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Angiografia
17.
JAMA Netw Open ; 6(4): e239158, 2023 04 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37079301

RESUMO

Importance: There is no consensus on the benefits of routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the facial nerve in patients with suspected idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (PFP) (ie, Bell palsy [BP]). Objectives: To estimate the proportion of adult patients in whom MRI led to correction of an initial clinical diagnosis of BP; to determine the proportion of patients with confirmed BP who had MRI evidence of facial nerve neuritis without secondary lesions; and to identify factors associated with secondary (nonidiopathic) PFP at initial presentation and 1 month later. Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective multicenter cohort study analyzed the clinical and radiological data of 120 patients initially diagnosed with suspected BP from January 1, 2018, to April 30, 2022, at the emergency department of 3 tertiary referral centers in France. Interventions: All patients screened for clinically suspected BP underwent an MRI of the entire facial nerve with a double-blind reading of all images. Main Outcomes and Measures: The proportion of patients in whom MRI led to a correction of the initial diagnosis of BP (any condition other than BP, including potentially life-threating conditions) and results of contrast enhancement of the facial nerve were described. Results: Among the 120 patients initially diagnosed with suspected BP, 64 (53.3%) were men, and the mean (SD) age was 51 (18) years. Magnetic resonance imaging of the facial nerve led to a correction of the diagnosis in 8 patients (6.7%); among them, potentially life-threatening conditions that required changes in treatment were identified in 3 (37.5%). The MRI confirmed the diagnosis of BP in 112 patients (93.3%), among whom 106 (94.6%) showed evidence of facial nerve neuritis on the affected side (hypersignal on gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images). This was the only objective sign confirming the idiopathic nature of PFP. Conclusions and Relevance: These preliminary results suggest the added value of the routine use of facial nerve MRI in suspected cases of BP. Multicentered international prospective studies should be organized to confirm these results.


Assuntos
Paralisia de Bell , Neurite (Inflamação) , Adulto , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Paralisia de Bell/diagnóstico por imagem , Paralisia de Bell/patologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Incidência , Estudos de Coortes , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos
18.
J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) ; 24(3): 159-166, 2023 03 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36753723

RESUMO

AIMS: To describe the outcomes and associated factors in a population of patients admitted to emergency departments with at least one condition of oxygen supply/demand imbalance, regardless of the troponin result or restrictive criteria for type 2 myocardial infarction. METHODS: We constituted a retrospective cohort of 824 patients. Medical records of patients having undergone a troponin assay were reviewed for selection and classification, and data including in-hospital stay and readmissions were collected. The reported outcomes are in-hospital mortality, 3-year mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events. RESULTS: Patients with myocardial infarction or injury, either chronic or acute, were older, with more history of hypertension and chronic heart or renal failure but not for other cardiovascular risk factors and medical history. Acute myocardial injury and type 2 myocardial infarction were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality [odds ratio (OR) 3.71 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.90-7.33 and OR 3.15 95% CI 1.59-6.28, respectively]. However, the long-term mortality does not differ in comparison with patients presenting chronic myocardial injury or nonelevated troponin, ranging from 26.9 to 34.3%. Patients with chronic myocardial injury and type 2 myocardial infarction had more long-term major cardiovascular events (39.3 and 38.8%), but only for acute heart failure, and none was associated with this outcome after adjustment. CONCLUSION: Among patients admitted to emergency departments with an oxygen supply/demand imbalance, acute myocardial injury and type 2 myocardial infarction are strongly associated with in-hospital mortality. However, they are not associated with higher long-term mortality or major cardiovascular events after discharge, which tend to occur in elderly people with comorbidities.


Assuntos
Traumatismos Cardíacos , Infarto do Miocárdio , Humanos , Idoso , Oxigênio , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Troponina , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência
19.
J Am Geriatr Soc ; 71(2): 484-495, 2023 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36317929

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Emergency Departments (ED) have seen an increasing number of older patients who are mostly referred following a call to the Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Long waiting times in settings, which are not designed to meet older patients' needs, may increase the risk of hospital-acquired complications. Unnecessary visits should therefore be avoided as much as possible. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether a program to provide geriatric knowledge and tools to the dispatching physicians of the EMS could decrease ED referrals of older patients. METHODS: Design: Before-and-after study with two 6-month periods before and after intervention. PARTICIPANTS: All calls received by a dispatching physician of the Rhône EMS from 8 am to 6 pm concerning patients aged 75 years or above during the study period. INTERVENTION: A program consisting of training dispatching physicians in the specific care of older patients and the developing, with a multidisciplinary team, of specific tools for dispatching physicians. OUTCOME: Proportion of ED referrals of patients aged 75 years or above after a call to the EMS. RESULTS: A total of 2671 calls to the Rhône EMS were included corresponding to 1307 and 1364 patients in the pre-and post-intervention phases, respectively. There was no significant difference in the proportion of referrals to the ED between the pre-intervention (61.7%) and the post-intervention (62.8%) phases (p = 0.57). Contact of the patients with their General Practitioner (GP) in the month preceding the call was associated with a 22% reduced probability of being referred to an ED. CONCLUSIONS: No beneficial effect of the intervention was demonstrated. This strategy of intervention is probably not effective enough in such time-constraint environment. Other strategies with a specific parallel dispatching of geriatric calls by geriatricians should be tested to avoid these unnecessary ED referrals. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials NCT02712450.


Assuntos
Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Médicos , Humanos , Idoso , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Geriatras
20.
West J Emerg Med ; 23(6): 897-906, 2022 Oct 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36409953

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Few studies have investigated the management of COVID-19 cases from the operational perspective of the emergency department (ED), We sought to compare the management and outcome of COVID-19 positive and negative patients who presented to French EDs. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, multicenter, observational study in four EDs. Included in the study were adult patients (≥18 years) between March 6-May 10, 2020, were hospitalized, and whose presenting symptoms were evocative of COVID-19. We compared the clinical features, management, and prognosis of patients according to their confirmed COVID-19 status. RESULTS: Of the 2,686 patients included in this study, 760 (28.3%) were COVID-19 positive. Among them, 364 (48.0%) had hypertension, 228 (30.0%) had chronic cardiac disease, 186 (24.5%) had diabetes, 126 (16.6%) were obese, and 114 (15.0%) had chronic respiratory disease. The proportion of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) was higher among COVID-19 positive patients (185/760, 24.3%) compared to COVID-19 negative patients (206/1,926, 10.7%; P <0.001), and they required mechanical ventilation (89, 11.9% vs 37, 1.9%; P <0.001) and high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (135, 18.1% vs 41, 2.2%; P < 0.001) more frequently. The in-hospital mortality was significantly higher among COVID-19 positive patients (139, 18.3% vs 149, 7.7%; P <0.001). CONCLUSION: Emergency departments were on the frontline during the COVID-19 pandemic and had to manage potential COVID-19 patients. Understanding what happened in the ED during this first outbreak is crucial to underline the importance of flexible organizations that can quickly adapt the bed capacities to the incoming flow of COVID-19 positive patients.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Adulto , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/terapia , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos de Coortes , Pandemias , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Surtos de Doenças
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