Comparison of Acute Pain Syndrome after Surgical Interventions in the Nasal Cavity and Rhinoplasty.

Comparison of acute pain syndrome after septoplasty, rhinoplasty, and rhinoseptoplasty was carried out. It is shown that the intensity of acute pain is higher in patients after rhinoseptoplasty in the first 3-6 h after surgery.

Comparison of the Effect on Heart Rate Variability for Modeling Septoplasty and Modeling Deprivation of the Olfactory Analyzer in Rats.

Modeling septoplasty and modeling sensory deprivation of the olfactory analyzer in rats were compared for the effect on the frequency domain of heart rate variability (HRV). Bulbectomy provoked more pronounced changes in HRV as compared with septoplasty simulation.

IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF ALLOGENEIC MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS OF RATS.

INTRODUCTION: Recently, more and more attracted the attention of cell therapy, which requires a study of the efficacy and safety of allogeneic MSCs transplantation in acute and chronic inflammatory reactions. The aim of our study was to examine the effectiveness of transplantation of allogeneic mesenchymal bone marrow stromal cells for the healing of surgical wounds the glandular stomach in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using white Wistar rats. Producing cell transplantation mononuclear fraction derived from rat bone marrow aspirate. Injected cells 8 and 9 th passage. The dose of cells administered to 3-th and / or 7-th days 3,5h106 cells / ml twice or 5,0h106 cells / ml dose. Autopsy on day 10-th and 17-th. The serum ELISA determined the content of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL1ß, TNFα, IFNy, IL-4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Introduction MSCs contributed to the decline of the immune mediators of inflammation IL1P, TNFa, IFNy, increase anti-inflammatory IL4. Quality improved healing. CONCLUSION: Rapid curative effect of stem cells may be associated with the formation of blood immune cells (macrophages) that produce substances that restore damaged tissue. They restore the balance between Th1 and Th2.

[The correlation analysis of content of α-defensins of neutrophils 1-3 and cytokines in blood plasma of patients in acute and early periods of traumatic disease of spinal cord.]

The technique of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was implemented to analyze in acute and early period of traumatic disease of spinal cord the content of human α-defensins of neutrophils 1-3 and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in blood of 40 patients with complicated damages of cervical spine. The implemented comparative analysis established new correlations, characterizing systemic inflammatory response during post-traumatic period.

Pentoxifylline potentiates antiepileptic activity of diazepam on the model of treatment-resistant focal epilepsy.

Kindling-syndrome was modeled in male Wistar rats using repeated corazole administration (25-30 mg/kg intraperitoneally). The effects of pentoxifylline (25 and 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and diazepam (0.05 and 1 mg/kg intraperitoneally) were studied in 3 weeks after kindling development under conditions of acute observation on the model of penicillin-induced foci in cerebral cortex. An anticonvulsant effect of combined treatment with diazepam and pentoxifylline in the doses, ineffective if administered separately (0.05 and 25 mg/kg intraperitoneally), was demonstrated.

[Characteristics of the vitreous body in terminal glaucoma].

Two-dimensional echographic study was conducted in 54 patients (54 eyes) with terminal glaucoma. Posterior vitreous detachment was found in all the study eyes. Kinetic echographic testing revealed a uniform instantaneous displacement of structures in the vitreal cavity, which indirectly indicates the evenness of pressure distribution in the fluid media of the posterior eye segment in terminal glaucoma.

[Morpho-physiological features of the human eye sclera as the key unit in the level of intraocular pressure under normal conditions and in glaucoma].

The results of sclera investigations from the positions of morphology, physiology, biomechanics and control-system theory, are summarized. The morphological evidence was obtained supporting the physiological hypothesis stating that the specific anatomical organization and spatial displacement of elastic fiber-containing scleral layers against one another, are the key elements in formation of the individual level of intraocular pressure (IOP) in man both under normal and pathological conditions. It was shown that the elastic fibers outlined the collagen lamallae in of scleral internal layers. External scleral layer lacked elastic fibers. Scleral elastic fibers are necessary for the functioning of the mechanism of sclera microfluctuations associated with the intraocular fluid accumulation and removal, they are also important for dampening the sudden changes of IOP. Under normal conditions, age-related increase in scleral rigidity is primarily associated with the process of accelerated aging of its superficial non-elastic layers, resulting in the physiological response of the current IOP level elevation. As IOP becomes elevated under normal conditions, the internal elastic fiber-containing scleral layers are increasingly pressed against more rigid external layer. This limits the displacement capacity of internal layers against each other, resulting in the decline of the efficiency of elastic fiber work in dampening the sudden changes of IOP. In the healthy eyes, the process of scleral aging brings to a natural development of ophthalmohypertension, when IOP elevation is physiologically required for the maintenance of the volume microfluctuation mechanism ("scleral respiration"). In glaucoma, the pathological rearrangement of the scleral fibrous structures is observed, resulting in an additional abrupt increase of its rigidity, with the reciprocal significant elevation of the current level of IOP and the amplitude of its jumps. Pathophysiological mechanism of these significant changes in glaucoma remains currently unknown, however, morphological evidence indicates that it is associated with the changes in the metabolic processes in sclera.

Possible mechanisms for the regulation of neutrophil apoptosis during allergic inflammation.

The neutrophil-mediated inflammatory response is regulated via activation of the apoptosis program, which decreases the degree of tissue alteration. In rabbits with allergic inflammation a significant negative correlation was revealed between the intensity of neutrophil apoptosis and blood interferon-gamma concentration.

Changes in myocardial blood supply during experimental hypertension treated with verapamil in rabbits.

Rabbit hearts were studied at different periods of experimental arterial hypertension and its treatment with verapamil. Morphological study revealed a progressive decrease in the number of capillaries per unit mass during the development of myocardial hypertrophy in hypertensive hearts. In hypertensive animals treated with verapamil the density of capillaries in both ventricles did not decrease, but verapamil injected to intact animals sharply decreased this parameter.

Initial mechanisms of the development of hypertonic heart.

In rabbits, arterial hypertension was simulated according to Goldblatt. One, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after surgery, the hearts of control and experimental animals were extirpated for morphological examination. In semithin sections of the left and right ventricles, morphometry was performed using an Avtandilov grid. Ultrathin sections of these organs were examined under an electron microscope. It was found that the initial signs of myocardial hypertrophy appeared soon after hypertension modeling, and more early in the right ventricle. Activation of apoptosis was noted in cardiomyocytes of both ventricles, and its intensity correlated with the degree of myocardial hypertrophy. It is hypothesized that apoptosis limits the development of hypertrophy in the myocardium.

Possible mechanism of regression of myocardial hypertrophy.

Structure of the myocardium was studied in rabbits with renovascular hypertension during the development of myocardial hypertrophy and its regression under the effect of beta-adrenoceptor antagonist lopressor. Myocardial hypertrophy was associated with ultrastructural changes in cardiomyocytes, while lopressor therapy led to their regression and normalization of cardiomyocyte ultrastructure. Regression of hypertrophic changes was accompanied by a marked increase in the number of extracellular nuclei, which indicated enhanced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.

[Weak-flow membrane blood oxygenation in treatment of patients with peritonitis]. / Malopotochnaia membrannaia oksigenatsiia krovi v lechenii bol'nykh s peritonitom.

The application of the level of molecules with medium molecular mass (MM) and wave length E254 and 280 nm was tried in 30 patients, operated on for various diseases of the organs of abdominal cavity and their purulent complications. Besides routine treatment weak flow membrane blood oxygenation was carried out. As a result of the study it was established that the level of medium molecular peptides appears to be a criteria of effectiveness of the weak-flow membrane blood oxygenation and determines duration of the procedure. The initial concentration of MM from 1,0 relative units and more duration of the blood oxygenation period should be limited by 2 hours. This method can be regarded, as independent mode od detoxication.

[Low-flow membrane oxygenation of blood in patients with diffuse purulent peritonitis]. / Malopotochnaiua membrannaia oksigenatsiia krovi pri razlitom gnoinom peritonite.

Small-flow membranous oxygenation of the blood was used in 45 patients with peritonitis in the multiple organ failure phase. In ten cases blood oxygenation was combined with hemofiltration. MOCT 19-03 (Kvant Research and Production Unit) and Gambro FH hemofilters (Sweden) were employed. Combination of small-flow membranous oxygenation of the blood combined with hemofiltration appreciably improved the oxygen-transporting function of the blood in adult patients with the respiratory distress syndrome, which was due to mutual potentiation of the two methods' effects. Small-flow membraneous oxygenation alone improved cellular immunity and decreased the laboratory manifestations of endogenous intoxication due to biotransformation of toxic products.

[Slow-flow membrane oxygenation of blood as a method of detoxication in the treatment of patients with abdominal sepsis]. / Malopotochnaia membrannaia oksigenatsiia krovi kak samostoiatel'nyi metod detoksikatsii v lechenii bol'nykh s abdominal'nym sepsisom.

The criteria of efficacy of small-flow membranous oxygenation of the blood were defined and the duration of this measure optimized in the treatment of 30 patients hospitalized at the department for abdominal surgery, Moscow District Research and Clinical Institute, after operations for abdominal diseases and purulent complications thereof performed at hospitals of the Moscow district. Small-flow membranous oxygenation of the blood brought about a trend to normalization of the peripheral blood parameters which were changed as a result of inflammation; it was conducive to normalization of the blood acid-base status and oxygen extraction by tissues, and had an immunostimulating effect in general. The level of medium-weight molecular peptides may be regarded as a criterion of the efficacy of small-flow membranous oxygenation of the blood. With an initial concentration of medium-weight molecules of at least 1 arbitrary unit, the procedure may be as short as just two hours. Under such conditions, small-flow membranous oxygenation of the blood may be considered as a specific detoxifying method.