RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Since the beginning of the pandemic, children's role in the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been debated. We aimed to describe the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic children undergoing institutional systematic screening. METHODS: From 2020 to 2021, this retrospective study in a French university hospital included consecutive asymptomatic children routinely screened for SARS-CoV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay before surgery. RESULTS: Among the 816 test samples, the prevalence of positive PCR results was 0.49 % (95 % CI: 0.01-0.97, n = 4); half of the cases involved close contacts with an adult case. CONCLUSION: These results support the low prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic children during the first pandemic periods in France.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto , Criança , Humanos , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pandemias , PrevalênciaAssuntos
Vacina BNT162/uso terapêutico , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Idoso , Aloenxertos , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Formação de Anticorpos , Vacina BNT162/administração & dosagem , COVID-19/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transplante de Órgãos , Estudos Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2/imunologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco , Transplante Homólogo , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/biossíntese , Vacina BNT162/imunologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Imunoglobulina G/biossíntese , Imunoterapia Adotiva , SARS-CoV-2/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Antígenos Virais/imunologia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Vacina BNT162/efeitos adversos , Produtos Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Febre/etiologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Humanos , Imunização Secundária , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Imunogenicidade da Vacina , Linfoma não Hodgkin/imunologia , Linfoma não Hodgkin/terapia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dor/etiologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/imunologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/terapia , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/uso terapêutico , Receptores de Antígenos Quiméricos/uso terapêutico , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/imunologia , Vacinação , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection can lead to a variety of neurological disorders. While HEV RNA is known to be present in the central nervous system, HEV quasispecies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have rarely been explored. We studied the virus' quasispecies in the blood and the CSF of five patients at the onset of their neurological symptoms. The samples of three patients suffering from meningitis, neuralgic amyotrophy and acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy were taken at the acute phase of the HEV infection. The samples from the other two patients were taken during the chronic phase (5 years after HEV diagnosis) when they presented with clinical signs of encephalitis. We sequenced at least 20 randomly polyproline regions of the selected virus clones. Phylogenetic analysis of the virus variants in the blood and the CSF revealed no virus compartmentalization for the three acute-phase patients but there was clear evidence of HEV quasispecies compartmentalization in the CSF of the two patients during chronic infection. In conclusion, prolonged infection in the immunocompromised condition can lead to independent virus replication in the liver and the tissues, producing viruses in CSF.
RESUMO
This was a monocentric prospective study testing the efficacy and safety of a first injection of BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) in 112 Allo-HSCT patients. Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain was tested at the time of the second injection (Roche Elecsys). The study also included a non-randomized control arm of 26 healthy controls. This study shows that a first dose of SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccine is safe and provides a 55% rate of seroconversion in allotransplanted patients compared to 100% for the controls (p < 0.001). Factors influencing the absence of response in patients were recent transplantation (<2 years), lymphopenia (<1 × 109/L) and immunosuppressive treatment or chemotherapy at the time of vaccination.
RESUMO
The FilmArray® Pneumonia plus Panel (FAPP) is a new multiplex molecular test for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), which can rapidly detect 18 bacteria, 9 viruses, and 7 resistance genes. We aimed to compare the diagnosis performance of FAPP with conventional testing in 100 intensive care unit (ICU) patients who required mechanical ventilation, with clinically suspected HAP. A total of 237 samples [76 bronchoalveolar lavages (BALDS) and 82 endotracheal aspirates (ETADS) obtained at HAP diagnosis, and 79 ETA obtained during follow-up (ETATT)], were analyzed independently by routine microbiology testing and FAPP. 58 patients had paired BALDS and ETADS. The positivity thresholds of semi-quantified bacteria were 103-104 CFUs/mL or 104 copies/mL for BAL, and 105 CFUs/mL or copies/mL for ETA. Respiratory commensals (H. influenzae, S. aureus, E. coli, S. pneumoniae) were the most common pathogens. Discordant results for bacterial identification were observed in 33/76 (43.4%) BALDS and 36/82 (43.9%) ETADS, and in most cases, FAPP identified one supplemental bacteria (23/33 BALDS and 21/36 ETADS). An absence of growth, or polybacterial cultures, explained almost equally the majority of the non-detections in culture. No linear relationship was observed between bin and CFUs/mL variables. Concordant results between paired BALDS and ETADS were obtained in 46/58 (79.3%) patients with FAPP. One of the 17 resistance genes detected with FAPP (mecA/C and MREJ) was not confirmed by conventional testing. Overall, FAPP enhanced the positivity rate of diagnostic testing, with increased recognition of coinfections. Implementing this strategy may allow clinicians to make more timely and informed decisions.