Weight stigma experienced by patients with obesity in healthcare settings: A qualitative evidence synthesis.

Weight stigma research is largely focused on quantifiable outcomes with inadequate representation of the perspectives of those that are affected by it. This study offers a comprehensive systematic review and synthesis of weight stigma experienced in healthcare settings, from the perspective of patients living with obesity. A total of 1340 studies was screened, of which 32 were included in the final synthesis. Thematic synthesis generated three overarching analytical themes: (1) verbal and non-verbal communication of stigma, (2) weight stigma impacts the provision of care, and (3) weight stigma and systemic barriers to healthcare. The first theme relates to the communication of weight stigma perceived by patients within patient-provider interactions. The second theme describes the patients' perceptions of how weight stigma impacts upon care provision. The third theme highlighted the perceived systemic barriers faced by patients when negotiating the healthcare system. Patient suggestions to reduce weight stigma in healthcare settings are also presented. Weight stigma experienced within interpersonal interactions migrates to the provision of care, mediates gaining equitable access to services, and perpetuates a poor systemic infrastructure to support the needs of patients with obesity. A non-collaborative approach to practice and treatment renders patients feeling they have no control over their own healthcare requirements.

Vascular access device type for systemic anti-cancer therapies: a scoping review protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Vascular access devices (VADs) are the most common invasive procedure performed in acute medicine and cancer patients undergo multiple invasive vascular access procedures. Our aim is to identify the type of evidence available regarding the best choice of VAD for cancer patients undergoing systemic anti-cancer therapy (SACT). In this article, the authors frame the scoping review protocol used, which will systematically report all published and unpublished literature around the use of VADs for the infusion of SACT in oncology. INCLUSION CRITERIA: For studies to be included, they must focus on people or populations aged 18 years or older and report on vascular access in cancer patients. The concept is the variety of VAD use in cancer and reported insertion and post-insertion complications. The context surrounds the intravenous treatment of SACT whether in a cancer centre or non-cancer setting. METHODS: The JBI scoping review methodology framework will guide the conduct of this scoping review. Electronic databases (CINAHL, Cochrane, Medline and Embase) will be searched. Grey literature sources and the reference lists of key studies will be reviewed to identify those appropriate for inclusion. No date limits will be used in the searches and studies will be limited to the English language. Two reviewers will independently screen all titles and abstracts and full-text studies for inclusion, and a third reviewer will arbitrate disagreements. All bibliographic data, study characteristics and indicators will be collected and charted using a data extraction tool.

A scoping review of patient safety research carried out in the Republic of Ireland.

Maintaining the highest levels of patient safety is a priority of healthcare organisations. However, although considerable resources are invested in improving safety, patients still suffer avoidable harm. The aims of this study are: (1) to examine the extent, range, and nature of patient safety research activities carried out in the Republic of Ireland (RoI); (2) make recommendations for future research; and (3) consider how these recommendations align with the Health Service Executive's (HSE) patient safety strategy. A five-stage scoping review methodology was used to synthesise the published research literature on patient safety carried out in the RoI: (1) identify the research question; (2) identify relevant studies; (3) study selection; (4) chart the data; and (5) collate, summarise, and report the results. Electronic searches were conducted across five electronic databases. A total of 31 papers met the inclusion criteria. Of the 24 papers concerned with measuring and monitoring safety, 12 (50%) assessed past harm, 4 (16.7%) the reliability of safety systems, 4 (16.7%) sensitivity to operations, 9 (37.5%) anticipation and preparedness, and 2 (8.3%) integration and learning. Of the six intervention papers, three (50%) were concerned with education and training, two (33.3%) with simplification and standardisation, and one (16.7%) with checklists. One paper was concerned with identifying potential safety interventions. There is a modest, but growing, body of patient safety research conducted in the RoI. It is hoped that this review will provide direction to researchers, healthcare practitioners, and health service managers, in how to build upon existing research in order to improve patient safety.

The Use of Educational Technology in Undergraduate and Postgraduate Nursing and Midwifery Education: A Scoping Review.

Technology has become integral to our personal and professional lives. Its use is increasing in healthcare, both in clinical and educational settings, with healthcare institutions and regulatory bodies recognizing that technology is ever-present. The aim of this scoping review was to examine and quantify the current evidence concerning the use of educational technologies in undergraduate and postgraduate nursing and midwifery education. This review was guided by the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. A tailored search strategy was developed with a research librarian and a number of databases were searched. A total of 19 638 literature sources were screened by three reviewers. Literature published from January 2016 to December 2020 was included and limited to the English language. The reporting of the review process is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses for Scoping Reviews checklist. This review provides an overview of the current use of educational technologies within nursing and midwifery education; it provides a list of the technologies used, the research methodologies and designs undertaken, and the educational theories, models or frameworks considered. The review highlights the wide range of technologies in use and the paucity of studies that are guided by an educational theory, model or framework.

Health literacy education programmes developed for qualified health professionals: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Health professional education for health literacy has been identified as having the potential to improve patient outcomes and has been recognized as such in policy developments. Health literacy is an emerging concept encompassing individuals' skills and how health information is processed in relation to the demands and complexities of the surrounding environment. Focus has been predominantly on the dimension of functional health literacy (reading, writing and numeracy), although increasing emphasis has been placed on interactive and critical domains. Such dimensions can guide the development of health professional education programmes and bridge the gap in the interaction between health professionals and their patients. Currently little is known about qualified health professional's education for health literacy, its development, implementation or evaluation. Aim: To identify and map current educational interventions to improve health literacy competencies and communication skills of qualified health professionals. Methods: A scoping review will be conducted drawing on methods and guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute, and will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist. This study will retrieve literature on health professional education for health literacy through a comprehensive search strategy in the following databases: CINAHL; Medline (Ovid); the Cochrane Library; EMBASE; ERIC; UpToDate; PsycINFO and Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Grey literature will be searched within the references of identified articles: Lenus; ProQuest E-Thesis Portal; the HSE health research repository and RIAN. A data charting form will be developed with categories agreed by the research team, including: article details, demographics, intervention details, implementation and evaluation methods. Conclusion: Little is known about the extent and nature of the current evidence base therefore in order to identify programmes and consolidate their demographics and characteristics within health literacy competencies and communication skills, a scoping review is warranted.