[Microflora isolated in acute inflammatory pulmonary and pleural diseases]. / Kharakteristika mikroflory, vydelennoi pri ostrykh vospalitel'nykh zabolevaniiakh legkikh i plevry.

The species composition and biological properties of microflora isolated from 42 patients with acute inflammatory pulmonary and pleural diseases were studied. A wide spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms was detected. Infective agents causing severe course of the infectious process were found to have a high level of persistence properties.

[Modifying action of oxytocin on the biological properties of the causative agents of anaerobic non-clostridial infection]. / Modifitsiruiushchee deistvie oksitotsina na biologicheskie svoistva vozbuditelei anaérobnoi neklostria'noi infektsii.

In a number of in vitro experiments the effect of oxytocin on the antilysozyme and anticomplemental activity of Propiobacterium propionicum, Bacteroides fragilis, Prevotella melaninogenica and Peptostreprtococcus anaerobius, isolated from patients with acute pyoinflammatory pleuropulmonary diseases, was studied. Antibiotic resistance dynamics of the infective agents under study to lincomycin, clindamycin, thienam, vancomycin was also detected. The inhibiting activity of oxytocin on the persistence properties of B. fragilis, P. melanogenica and P. anaerobius was noted. Under the influence of the preparations used changes in the sensitivity of the strains to a number of antibiotics of the lincosamide, carbapenem and glycopeptide groups were found to occur. The data thus obtained were indicative of the possible mechanisms of action of oxytocin in the treatment of acute pyoinflammatory pleuropulmonary diseases of anaerobic nonclostridial etiology.

[Microflora of the large intestine in patients with connective tissue dysplasia]. / Mikroflora tolstoi kishki u patsientov s displaziei soedinitel'noi tkani.

The specific features of intestinal aerobic and anaerobic intestinal microflora in children with nondifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia were under study. A high rate of dysbiotic disturbances was noted in patients with connective tissue dysplasia in comparison with healthy persons. Profound quantitative and qualitative changes in the biocenosis of the intestine were detected in patients with the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract as well as that of the locomotor system. Changes in the species composition and the persistence properties of the intestinal microflora may serve as pathogenetic factors in the development of connective tissue dysplasia.

[Colicinogenic activity of intestinal microflora as a sign of dysbacteriosis of the gastrointestinal tract]. / Kolitsinogennaia aktivnost' kishechnoi mikroflory kak pokazatel' disbioticheskogo sostoianiia zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta.

Clinical and bacteriological studies have revealed that the production of colicin by Escherichia coli forming a part of intestinal microbiocenosis is related to the clinical manifestations of inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. During the exacerbation of chronic inflammatory processes of the digestive system the proportion of colicin producing E. coli increases (more than 45%) in comparison with that of E. coli fecal strains isolated in children and adolescents regarded as healthy (less than 15%). The possibility of using the colicin producing activity of intestinal microflora for the evaluation of the dysbiotic states of gastrointestinal tract is discussed.

[Modifying action of Saccharomyces boulardii on the biological properties of enterobacteria]. / Modifitsiruiushchee deistvie Saccharomyces boulardii na biologicheskie svoistva énterobakterii.

The influence of the exometabolites of the fungus S. boulardii, contained in the probiotic preparation "Enterol", on the biological properties of opportunistic and pathogenic enterobacteria of fecal microflora (inactivation of lysozyme, colicin production, hemolytic activity, antibiotic resistance) was studied. The study revealed that the supernatants of S. boulardii decreased antilysozyme activity (ALA) in lactose positive (lac+) and lactose negative (lac-) Escherichia coli and Klebsiella strains, but produced no influence on ALA in Salmonella. In response to the action of S. boulardii exometabolites colicin production in E. coli (lac+) was found to increase, while in E. coli (lac-) colicin production was suppressed. An increase in the sensitivity of lactose negative E. coli to cefazolin and cefotaxime under the action of S. boulardii supenatants was noted. The results obtained in this study show the probable mechanism of the corrective action of "Enterol" on intestinal biocenosis, which should be taken into consideration in the differentiated selection of probiotics for the treatment of intestinal dysbacteriosis.

[Anaerobic microflora of the female reproductive tract]. / Anaérobnaia mikroflora zhenskogo reproduktivnogo trakta.

The microflora of the female reproductive tract is very diverse and plays an important role in both normal and pathological states. The data on the mechanisms of colonization resistance which involve the vaginal microbios (the production of H2O2, organic acids, bacteriocin-like substances, competition for adhesion sites) are presented. The data on the role of individual antagonistically active substances of anaerobic bacteria in suppressing gonococci, fungi, microorganisms, associated with bacterial vaginosis, etc. are given. The leading role of anaerobic microorganisms in the appearance of microecological disturbances, including bacterial vaginosis, is emphasized. The role of the pathogenic properties of anaerobic bacteria for the development of different pathological processes, such as premature birth, postnatal and postoperative purulent septic diseases, inflammation of pelvic organs, cancer of the neck of uterus, is discussed.

[Antilysozyme activity of anaerobic bacteria from fecal microflora in man]. / Antilizotsimnaia aktivnost' anaérobnykh bakterii fekal'noi mikroflory cheloveka.

For the first time anaerobic bacteria of the fecal microflora in man have been found be capable of inactivating lysozyme. The presence of this antilysozyme sign has been noted in both Gram-positive anaerobes (Bifidobacterium, Propionibacterium, Eubacterium, Actinomyces israelii) and in Gram-negative anaerobes (Bacteroids, Prevotella melaninogenica). The expression of antilysozyme activity in the anaerobes under study has been determined. The possible biological role of this sign of the indigenous intestinal microflora has been discussed.

[Effect of bifidobacteria on the anti-lysozyme activity of enterobacteria]. / Vliianie bifidobakterii na antilizotsimnuiu aktivnost' énterobakterii.

The influence of the subinhibitory concentrations of bifidobacterial exometabolites on the capacity for inactivating lysozyme in pathogenic and opportunistic enterobacteria was determined. The supernatant of B. bifidum 1 suppressed antilysozyme activity (ALA) in most Klebsiella strains and in some pathogenic Escherichia coli strains, but increased ALA in some E. coli of indigenous flora and failed to influence ALA in Salmonellae. The stimulating effect of the vital activity products of bifidobacteria with respect to the antilysozyme sign in some S. enteritidis isolates and diarrheagenic E. coli was found. These properties should be taken into consideration while selecting strains for the construction of probiotics.

[The photometric determination of the antilysozyme activity of microorganisms]. / Fotometricheskoe opredelenie antilizotsimnoi aktivnosti mikroorganizmov.

The method for the determination of the antilysozyme activity (ALA) of microorganisms, based on the photometric determination of the residual activity of enzyme with the use of Micrococcus lysodeikticus test culture after the incubation of the strain under test and lysozyme, is proposed. The new method enhances the reliability of the determination of the ALA of microorganisms due to an increase in the accuracy of the quantitative determination of ALA. The elimination of the stage of interaction between the growing bacterial culture and lysozyme and the presence of the antilysozyme factor in the supernatant fluid confirm the constructive and secretory character of antilysozyme activity.