Assuntos
Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Intoxicação por Mercúrio/etiologia , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Animais , Exposição Ambiental/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Intoxicação por Mercúrio/prevenção & controle , Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco , South CarolinaRESUMO
Alcohol is a well known teratogen. Its role in causing fetal alcohol syndrome/fetal alcohol effects is well documented. A vast amount of study over the past several decades has finally provided insight into many aspects of its effect. The only effective treatment is complete abstinence from the drug during pregnancy.
Assuntos
Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Alcoolismo/complicações , Transtornos do Espectro Alcoólico Fetal , Alcoolismo/epidemiologia , Feminino , Transtornos do Espectro Alcoólico Fetal/fisiopatologia , Transtornos do Espectro Alcoólico Fetal/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal , Prevalência , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Domestic violence is a serious public health problem. The "epidemic" is becoming too obvious to hide, too widespread to deny, and too much of a health hazard to ignore. The victims are children, women, the elderly, and the society as a whole. Family members, government, educational and penal agencies, civic and medical societies, physicians, and citizens at large are all involved in domestic violence prevention. By having a high index of suspicion, physicians are in an ideal position to prevent, assess, identify, and treat victims of domestic violence and its associated problems.
Assuntos
Maus-Tratos Infantis/prevenção & controle , Maus-Tratos Conjugais/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Feto , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Infanticídio , Delitos SexuaisAssuntos
Violência Doméstica , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Violência Doméstica/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Gravidez , Pais Solteiros , South Carolina , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/etiologia , Cocaína , Complicações na Gravidez , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/complicações , Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/urina , Absorção , Adulto , Cocaína/administração & dosagem , Cocaína/metabolismo , Cocaína/urina , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/urina , Fatores de Risco , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/urina , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Alumínio , Corpos Estranhos/etiologia , Glote , Prega Vocal , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , MasculinoRESUMO
Neonates are exposed to a growing list of potentially toxic environmental and therapeutic agents. Such exposure may be through mishap, misjudgment in both drug dosage and route of administration, inadvertent misuse of medications, or improper baby care. In addition, the newborn infant may show signs of adverse reactions to a variety of drugs that are given to the mother and cross the placenta, thereby affecting the fetus before or during both labor and delivery. Because of the immaturity of the neonate's liver, lungs, kidneys, and central nervous system, the process of metabolizing and eliminating drugs and poisons is delayed. Moreover, the clinical signs and symptoms of poisoning are not always immediately recognized. Through reviewing various drugs and environmental pollutants, this article places emphasis on prevention rather than treatment.
Assuntos
Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Intoxicação/prevenção & controle , Administração Tópica , Exposição Ambiental , Feminino , Humanos , Cuidado do Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Preparações Farmacêuticas/administração & dosagem , Gravidez , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-NatalRESUMO
The umbilical cord is the lifeline of the fetus and of the neonate in the first few minutes after birth. Care of the cord and stump in the immediate neonatal period varies according to social, cultural, economic, and geographic factors. Measures taken to insure sterility in cutting, tying, and painting the umbilical cord may prevent serious diseases such as tetanus neonatorum. Care of the umbilical cord may be less than optimal in babies born at home in unsupervised "home delivery." Minor congenital anomalies of the umbilical cord, such as umbilical hernia, and major anomalies, such as gastroschisis and omphalocele, are reviewed in this article. Survival in babies with major anomalies of the cord has been improving steadily because of early diagnosis (including prenatal diagnosis), better operative procedures, and better understanding of the fluid and nutritional requirements of the neonate postoperatively. Diseases of the cord include omphalitis and, rarely, tumors.