RESUMO
We investigated the complications and frequency of hook plate fixation in patients with shoulder trauma. We reviewed 216 cases of hook plate fixation use at our hospital between January 2010 and May 2020. Finally, we included 76 cases of acute distal clavicle fracture (DCF) and 84 cases of acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation (ACD). We investigated all complications after hook plate use, bony union in the DCF group, and reduction loss in the ACD group. We defined painful shoulder stiffness (PSS) as aggravating resting pain with stiff shoulder, and pain on shoulder elevation (PSE) as continued shoulder pain on elevation without PSS before plate removal. PSS was managed with intra-articular steroid injections or manipulation with or without arthroscopic capsular release (ACR). PSS occurred in 36 and 33 cases of DCF and ACD, respectively. PSE occurred in 17 of 76 fractures and 13 of 84 dislocations. However, no iatrogenic rotator cuff injury was verified by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with PSS or PSE. Subacromial erosion in patients with hook plate fixation should be considered a sequela and not a complication because it is unavoidable in surgery with an AO-type hook plate. The most common complication was PSS, followed by PSE.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Recently, new patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of the spine were designed to overcome the limitations of previous spinal PROMs and to consider the whole spine as a single kinetic functional unit. Owing to the significance of spine-hip-knee and global body balance, the spine and lower extremities cannot be considered separately. However, no reports have evaluated lower-extremity functional outcome using PROMs after lumbar spine surgery. The authors aimed to elucidate changes in hip and knee PROMs after lumbar interbody fusion and to evaluate the sagittal spinopelvic radiographic parameters that were most strongly correlated with lower-extremity PROMs. METHODS: In 2018, the authors consecutively evaluated patients who underwent lumbar interbody fusion surgery with at most three levels. Preoperative and 1-year postoperative clinical and radiographic data were assessed. Spinal functional outcomes were measured with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and Scoliosis Research Society-22r (SRS-22r) questionnaire. Lower-extremity functional outcomes were evaluated with the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between spinal and lower-extremity PROMs and spinopelvic radiographic parameters. RESULTS: The authors enrolled 67 patients, with a mean age of 66.4 years. The average number of surgical levels was 1.7. All assessed PROMs improved significantly after surgery (p < 0.001 for ODI, p < 0.001 for VAS, p = 0.017 for SRS-22r, p = 0.042 for HHS, and p = 0.033 for WOMAC). Spinopelvic parameters, including lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic tilt (PT), C7 sagittal vertical axis, and sagittal radiographic parameters of hip and knee, significantly improved after surgery. On linear regression analysis, HHS and WOMAC correlated with LL and PT, respectively (ß = 0.554 and p = 0.043 for correlation of HHS with LL; ß = 1.573 and p = 0.021 for correlation of WOMAC with PT). CONCLUSIONS: The current study demonstrated that lumbar fusion surgery may induce postoperative improvements in lower-extremity functional and radiological outcomes. However, among radiographic parameters, changes in LL and PT were the most strongly associated with lower-extremity PROMs.
