Construction of a new membrane bed biofilm reactor and yttria-stabilized zirconia for removing heavy metal pollutants.

The objective is to design a reactor with a composite new membrane bed biofilm reactor and yttria-stabilized zirconia. We constructed a valuable reactor using response surface methodology (RSM) for process optimization. The present system can remove heavy metal Pb from wastewater using a two-part biofilm reactor: the first reactor, which includes active sludge and media, was investigated; then, the second part, which includes membranes, was made. The amount of heavy metal removed from the effluent was measured at different pH and contact time. The results obtained from this study showed that the optimum conditions for obtaining the optimal removal efficiency separately, with a lead value of 40 mg L-1 for the MBBR reactor, had the highest removal value of 55% and for the membrane with an input lead value of 20 ppm at pH = 12 call time 30 minutes equal to 85%. All analyses in this article have been repeated numerous times to prove the repeatability.

Synthesis of cubosomes containing cerium oxide nanoparticles from Lactobacillus acidophilus loaded with glatiramer acetate and carboxymethylcellulose coating.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nano-series) are used as catalysts in industrial applications due to their free radical scavenging properties. Given that free radicals play an essential role in the pathology of many neurological diseases, we investigated the use of nanocrystals as a potential therapeutic agent for oxidative damage. This project synthesized nano-series from a new and environmentally friendly bio-pathway. Investigation of cerium nitrate in culture medium containing inoculated Lactobacillus acidophilus strain before incubation produces nano-series. Loaded with glatiramer acetate (GA) was formed by coating carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and CeO2. FE-SEM analysis showed nano-series in the 9-11 nm range, spherical shape, and uniform particle size distribution. Cubic nanoparticles containing anti-multiple sclerosis (anti-Ms) treatment called GA were used. Glycerol monostearate (GMS) was used as a fat base, and evening primrose extract was used as an anti-inflammatory in cubosomes. Design-Expert® software was used to study the effects of different formulation factors on the properties of GA-loaded cubic dispersions. Thirty GA-labeled cubic dispersions were prepared with GA-labeled carboxymethylcellulose and evaluated in vitro. The results showed an average nano-series size of 89.02 and a zeta potential of -49.9. Cubosomes containing GA-CMC/CeO2 showed a stable release profile for 180 min. The results showed that cubosomes containing GA-CMC/CeO2 could be a promising drug carrier with normal release behavior.

Preparation nanocapsules chitosan modified with selenium extracted from the Lactobacillus acidophilus and their anticancer properties.

This study synthesized new modified imaging nanocapsules (NCs) of gallium@deferoxamine/folic acid/chitosan/polyaniline/polyvinyl alcohol (Ga@DFA/FA/CS/PANI/PVA) containing Morus nigra extract by selenium nanoparticles prepared from Lactobacillus acidophilus. Se nanoparticles were then deposited on (Ga@DFA/FA/CS/PANI/PVA) using the impregnation method. The modified contrast agents were further mixed with M. nigra extract, and their antibacterial activities were investigated by applying them on L929 cell lines. The influence of variable factors including surfactant, solvent, aqueous phase, pH, buffer, minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), cytotoxicity on cancer cells., antibiotic, antibiogram, release and loading, stirring effect, the concentration of nanoparticle, olive oil, and thermotical methods was investigated. The structure and morphology of the synthesized contrast agents were characterized by zeta potential sizer analysis (ZPS), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The experimental section was conducted and monitored by response surface methods (RSM) and MTT, MIC, MBC, and cancer cytotoxic conversion assay. Antibiogram testing of NCs on Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria was successful, and MIC = 2 factor was obtained with less harmful effect.

Fabrication and characterization of 3D printing scaffold technology by extract oils from plant and its applications in the cardiovascular blood.

Extract oils from plants used in 3D polysaccharides modified with natural protein polymer modified polymer scaffolds can help to reduce blood pressure. This study aimed to use extract oils from plant (EOP)as blood pressure-reducing, bind them to magnetic iron nanoparticles (Fe3O4@NPs), then bind them to polymeric 3D print scaffolds [chitosan, polylactic acid, and polyurethane (CS/PLA/PU), modified with natural protein and finally separate them. This method made it possible to investigate different variables for nanoparticles. In this project, synthesis polymer, modified gelatin (Mo-Ge), PEGylation, extract oils from plant loading and release process in nanocarrier with different concentrations were examined and cell proliferation was optimized. The results show that 75% of the extract oils from plant loaded on iron magnetic nanoparticles containing PEGylated polymer scaffolds was released. Cell proliferation was performed for the sample. In this process, modification of scaffolding with polysaccharides modified with natural protein and extract oils from plant increased the efficiency of nanoparticles among the studied Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale. The size of A. sativum and Z. officinale were 29.833 nm and 150.02 nm size, respectively. These behaved very similarly to each other and A. sativum had the biggest effect in lowering blood pressure. The application of extract oils from plant in 3D mode scaffolding has not been studied before and this is the first analysis to do so, using nanoparticles.

Investigation of enzymes and solvents in the production process of 6-ammonium penicillanic acid (6-APA) in industry to reduce costs and improve production conditions.

In this study, the optimization of the amount of enzyme consumed in the enzymatic phase of substitution of butanol solvent instead of methanol in the powder washing phase after filtration was investigated. To perform this study, different amounts of the enzyme penicillin G amidase (PGA) were tested in reactions with the same conditions. The highest efficiency was observed in the reaction that the ratio of penicillin powder to the amount of enzyme was 2:1. In this reaction, for every 100 g of penicillin consumed, 50 g of the PGA was used. Replacement of butanol instead of methanol after filtration, the powder obtained from this step was washed with butanol instead of methanol and the powder obtained from this step was examined after drying. The resulting solvent powder was very small and the drying speed of the powder increased compared to the time of methanol usage. Optimizing the amount of enzyme in this process due to the high cost of the enzyme made this reaction more economically viable at the end of this study. In this study, for the first time, butanol was used as a suitable substitute for methanol and the ratio of enzyme use to penicillin powder was optimized. This research deals with the future perspective in the field of research in this regard.

New method of creating hybrid of buprenorphine loaded rifampin/polyethylene glycol/alginate nanoparticles.

An indicator for cytochrome P450 enzymes which have the most fundamental role in methadone metabolism in the liver. In this study preparation in vitro, in vivo release and biological activities of Fe3O4@ZnO/rifampin/polyethylene glycol/buprenorphine/alginate nanoparticles investigated. Rifampin is activator for the cytochrome P-3 enzymes which can detoxify residual drugs in the liver. This paper examines the changes pH, absorption rate, drug release, in vivo test (30 rats) in selected Wistar rats. All rats were either orally addicted to morphine after 21 days. After establishing dependence based on an observation of behavioral parameters the ability to quit the new drug was evaluated. In vitro and in vitro tests on antibacterial activity and multiple intestinal inflammation in addicts were conducted. Recent drug delivery systems that use polymers cause more sustainability of drug in the body and also prevent drug interactions. This research showed the success of decreasing consumption dose of the drug from 0.004 to 0.0005 mg, increasing lifetime from 24 to 32 h to 72-96 h, and decreasing the number of hepatic tissues that were damaged. The results of this investigation were confirmed by clinical tests and the dyeing process of mason tri­chromium and hematoxylin and eosin.

Fabrication of 3D hydrogel to the treatment of moist air by solar/wind energy in a simulated battery recycle plant salon.

Contaminated air in battery recycling halls threatens the health of factory workers. In this work, a new 3D hydrogel was designed in a simulated salon with an innovative rotary module. The Pb(II), Fe(III) and SO42- was adsorbed from air. Solar energy was transferred by wind to the factory hall and absorbed moisture was evaporated. The hydrophilicity, stability in water and storage of Pb(II) and Fe(III) in the hydrogel were optimized. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory, Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were employed to characterize and analyze the 3D hydrogel. The collector was able to quickly raise the wind temperature to 44 °C. In each cycle, in average 60% of air moisture was absorbed on the 3D hydrogel. The evaporation rate was more than 1.4 kg m-2 h-1. The efficiency of ions removal in each cycle was 82%. In the 0.68 m3 min-1 of wind flow the temperature was 43.3 °C and evaporation was done in a shorter time.

New and Enzymatic Targeted Magnetic Macromolecular Nanodrug System Which Delivers Methadone and Rifampin Simultaneously.

An indicator for cytochrome P450 (CYP-450) enzymes includes CYP-450 which has the most fundamental role in methadone metabolism in the liver. The aim of this study is to design and interface a macromolecular nanodrug system to deliver rifampin (RIF) and methadone (MTD) simultaneously to the liver based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). RIF increases the metabolism of MTD in the liver. In this study, MTD was linked to a magnetic nanocapsule including RIF by a heterocyclic linker. This heterocyclic linker was prepared in five steps. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and NMR indicated the synthesis of the heterocyclic linker, scanning electron microscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy exhibited the morphology of NPs and loading MTD. Atomic force microscopy was applied to indicate the three-dimensional topology of NPs and the conglomeration on them. Magnetization properties of loaded and unloaded NPs were characterized by vibrating-sample magnetometer. These patterns indicated superparamagnetic properties of MNPs therefore these NPs do not retain any magnetism after removal of a magnetic field. In vitro release studies of RIF and MTD by UV-vis measurements in several buffer solutions demonstrated that behavior of drug release is related to pH. The histopathology study was performed on the liver of rats injected with MTD, morphine (MOR), and the prepared drug. Cytotoxicity of the prepared sample on MCF-7 cell line assay was assessed via 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide solution. The histopathology study indicated that the cotreatment of the synthesized drug attenuated hepatic lesions. Delivery of RIF and MTD simultaneously to the liver by MNPs (1) increases MTD metabolism because of increasing CYP-450 enzymes induced by RIF and (2) decreases hepatic lesions via injection of the synthesized drug with cotreatment by MOR.

Investigating the properties of electrospun nanofibers made of hybride polymer containing anticoagulant drugs.

The aim of this study is to provide a scaffold made of chitosan/polyvinylalcohol/ Polyurethane /polyaniline/Zingiber officinal (CS//PVA/PU/PANI/Zin) and heparin (CS//PVA/PU/PANI/HEP) with double-needle electrospinning that contains anticoagulant drugs. The medicine that was loaded on the nanofibers was measured with FT-IR, SEM, XRD, ZPS, and RSM, TST and AFM. In vitro release of loading drugs was measured at room temperature and at pH = 5.3 and pH = 7.4. The kinetic release of the drugs was studied and their cytotoxicity was assessed with MTT assay, HT, coagulation[(PT), PTT, and INR test], and TST. Based on the in vitro release studies, about 73.62% and 73.40%, respectively, of Zin and heparin were put in a medium with pH = 7.4. The results indicated that a heart valve with high tensile strength and anticoagulant properties had been developed. Clinically, due to the structural similarity of the polyurethane, biocompatibility and blood compatibility were improved in the presence of Zin extract.

Design and optimization of a new reactor based on biofilm-ceramic for industrial wastewater treatment.

A biofilm reactor was designed with flat ceramic substrates to remove Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) from industrial wastewater. The ceramics were made of clay and nano-rubber with high mechanical resistance. The surface of the ceramic substrate was modified with neutral fiber and nano-hydroxyapatite. A uniform and stable biofilm mass of 320 g with 2 mm of thickness was produced on the modified ceramic after 3 d. The micro-organisms were identified in the biofilm by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Functional groups of biofilms were identified with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). Experiments were designed by central composite design (CCD) using the responsive surface method (RSM). The biosorption process was optimized at pH = 5.8, temperature = 22 °C, feed flux of heavy metal wastewater = 225 ml, substrate flow = 30 ml, and retention time = 7.825 h. The kinetic data was analyzed by pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order kinetic models. Isotherm models and thermodynamic parameters were applied to describe the biosorption equilibrium data of the metal ions on the biofilm-ceramic. The maximum biosorption efficiency and capacity of heavy metal ions were about 72% and 57.21 mg, respectively.

Synthesis and correction of albumin magnetic nanoparticles with organic compounds for absorbing and releasing doxorubicin hydrochloride.

In an ideal delivery system, carrier nanoparticles are used as a promising alternative with minimized adverse effects to treat a variety of diseases. The purpose of this study was to create a targeted delivery system for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX-HCl), using Fe3O4-L@HSA-ß-cyclodextrin (ß-CD)/Allyl amine nanoparticles. In this study, magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) were produced by co-precipitation, while albumin nanoparticles (HSA) were produced by the desolvation method. The properties of the nanoparticles were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). To evaluate the loading of the drug on the synthesized nanoparticles, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used. DOX-HCl loading was studied by two experiments: an optimization method (OM) and a one-factor-at-a-time method (OFATM). Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize the parameters. The optimal conditions for drug loading of nanoparticles in OM and OFATM methods were 81.46% and 77%, respectively. The release of DOX-HCl drug from the synthesized nanoparticles at a temperature of 37 °C and specific time in pH 5.3 and pH 7.4 was 83.35% and 38.39%, respectively. To examine the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles with drugs, the MTT assay was performed using MCF-7 cancer cells. Finally, cell uptake was tested using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Producing hybrid nanofiber-based on /PAN/Fe3 O4 /zeolite/nettle plant extract/urease and a deformed coaxial natural polymer to reduce toxicity materials in the blood of dialysis patients.

On incidence of kidney failure, the concentration of urea increases and there is need for patients to visit the hospital all through the week for blood purification. However, current hemodialysis has been found to reduce only 66-75% urea in the blood of patients. The main goal of this article is to observe the effect of biocompatible and high mechanical hemodiafiltration in reducing urea and creatinine within the shortest time frame, using two methods of Nano electrospinning fiber (hybrid and coaxial). Hybrid electrospinning was made by zeolite 940-HOA(beta), Fe3 O4 , polyacrylonitrile as well as the addition of nettle plant's leaf extract. Dispersing solution and enzymes were added to two different syringes and was used in making hybrid nanofibers by the electrospinning process. Nessler's Reagent adsorption method was used for measuring the concentration of ammonia after urease enzyme activation. Second coaxial filter was made by the core-shell electrospinning system and cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) as well as polyurethane (PU) were utilized. The data show hybrid hemodiafiltration with enzyme coating, decomposed urea and enzymes were activated for two days after electrospinning. The core-shell filtration can also reduce creatinine. Core-shell CAP-PU nanofiber was previously used for intravaginal drug delivery and PU was used as an artificial renal microfluidic chip. Thus, our study focused on using CAP-PU to reduce creatinine in dialysis patients. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1736-1743, 2019.

Fabrication and Characterization of Core-Shell Electrospun Fibrous Mats Containing Medicinal Herbs for Wound Healing and Skin Tissue Engineering.

Nanofibrous structures mimicking the native extracellular matrix have attracted considerable attention for biomedical applications. The present study aims to design and produce drug-eluting core-shell fibrous scaffolds for wound healing and skin tissue engineering. Aloe vera extracts were encapsulated inside polymer fibers containing chitosan, polycaprolactone, and keratin using the co-axial electrospinning technique. Electron microscopic studies show that continuous and uniform fibers with an average diameter of 209 ± 47 nm were successfully fabricated. The fibers have a core-shell structure with a shell thickness of about 90 nm, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. By employing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, the characteristic peaks of Aloe vera were detected, which indicate successful incorporation of this natural herb into the polymeric fibers. Tensile testing and hydrophilicity measurements indicated an ultimate strength of 5.3 MPa (elongation of 0.63%) and water contact angle of 89°. In-vitro biological assay revealed increased cellular growth and adhesion with the presence of Aloe vera without any cytotoxic effects. The prepared core-shell fibrous mats containing medical herbs have a great potential for wound healing applications.

Encapsulation of rifampin in a polymeric layer-by-layer structure for drug delivery.

Rifampin (RIF) is a bactericidal antibiotic drug and potent inducer of hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P-450 (CYP-450) enzyme systems. Given by mouth or intravenously, it can cause numerous clinical drug interactions; thus, alternative systems of drug delivery that bypass some or all of its toxic effects are well worth investigating. In this study, a controlled layer-by-layer (LBL) process of encapsulating RIF in biocompatible alginate and chitosan polymers loaded onto Fe3 O4 nanoparticles was developed. Fe3 O4 nanoparticles were synthesized from FeCl3 ·6H2 O using a hydrothermal procedure. Fluorescent molecular beacons containing RIF molecules and Texas Red were loaded onto the surfaces of Fe3 O4 nanoparticles. The loaded nanoparticles were encapsulated in alginate and chitosan layers with alternating negative and positive surface charge using an LBL self-assembly method. Subsequently, by removing the Fe3 O4 template particles, polymeric capsules containing RIF were obtained. Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry employed to determine optimized conditions for loading RIF, measure the amount of RIF loaded onto the surface of the nanoparticles under optimized conditions, and study drug-release capability. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the morphology of unloaded and loaded nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were applied to demonstrate the production of nanoparticles and loading of RIF onto them. Zeta potential analysis was used to determine the size and surface potential of the loaded polymeric layers. After removal of the core template, confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to isolate polymeric capsules containing RIF. The average size of the nanoparticles obtained was 23 nm. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 905-913, 2018.

The Preparation of Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles from Aspicilia lichens Using Bifido Bacteria for Help in the Treatment of Diabetes in Rats In Vivo.

Many common herbs and spices are claimed to have blood sugar lowering properties that make them useful for people with or at high risk of diabetes. The main of compounds of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa), rhubarb (Rheum ribes), membrane inner of egg shell, wool of sheep, human fingernail (unguis), hyaluronic acid produced by the Bifidobacterium, and usnic acid of Aspicilia lichen were extracted by different methods. All compounds of the extract were divided into five groups. We used variables such as pH, different compounds, concentration, number of injections, and blood glucose monitoring in different situations. Our study, extracts changed to nanoform. The extract compounds and nanoparticles were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning electron microscope. The average size of the nanoparticles was found to be 55 nm. Five groups of nanoparticles were injected into rats, and they reduced their blood glucose levels significantly (statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05). The synthesized hyaluronic acid helped to treat diabetes in rats. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Synthesis of a novel structure for the oral delivery of insulin and the study of its effect on diabetic rats.

Common materials used for drug delivery in the body are: liposomes, micelles, polymer capsules, dendrimers, nanoparticles, porous materials, etc. Drug delivery system should be inert, biodegradable, have high biocompatibility and the ability to load large amounts of the drug with known concentration while having a simple and economical sterilizing process. In this study we produced mesoporous silica nanostructures coated with polyamide amine dendrimer that were placed in chitosan-gelatin scaffolds. At every step of the synthesis, the products were identified using different methods, including XRD, FT-IR, SEM, and TGA. The final drug was studied in terms of in vitro & in vivo and MTT toxicity was evaluated.

Performance comparison of two herbal and industrial medicines using nanoparticles with a starch/cellulose shell and alginate core for drug delivery: In vitro studies.

In this study, the performance of two kinds of industrial and herbal drugs encapsulated in nanoparticles with a shell of starch and cellulose and an alginate core were examined as a new technique for nanoparticle drug delivery. The test method involved creating a suspension of starch and alginate, which was then dried, mixed with cellulose, and heated to form core-shell nanoparticles. The industrial drug calcitonin and an extract of the herb Amaranthus retroflexcus L. were added separately and in combination to the nanoparticles, and the performance of each configuration was evaluated. Variables like shape, size of nanoparticle, and pH were examined for their effect in vitro. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for optimization of parameters. The properties of the nanoparticles were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). The most optimal conditions for formation of the smallest nanoparticles were found to be pH 4 with a concentration of 0.15g starch, 0.04g alginate, and 0.01g cellulose, which resulted in a spherical nanoparticle size of 25.6-68.7nm. This novel method for helping bone regeneration offers a potentially major advance in the medical treatment of osteoporosis. The results of optimization indicated that the most optimal conditions of the tests were performed at pH 4, CA=0.04, CS=0.21, and CC=0.01. In acidic pH the size of nanoparticles was less than 100nm.

Optimization, synthesis, and characterization of coaxial electrospun sodium carboxymethyl cellulose-graft-methyl acrylate/poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers for potential drug-delivery applications.

In this study, nanofiber drug carriers were fabricated via coaxial electrospinning, using a new, degradable core-shell nanofiber drug carrier fabricated via coaxial electrospinning. Fabrication of the shell was carried out by graft polymerization of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) with methyl acrylate (TCMC) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). Tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) was used as a drug model incorporated within the nanofibers as the core, and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated. The loading of TCH within PEO nanofibers and the loading of TCH within the TCMC nanofibers were characterized via different techniques. The structure morphology of the obtained nanofibers was viewed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The changes in the polymer structure before and after grafting and confirmation of incorporation of the drug in the fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to predict the optimum conditions for fabrication of the nanofibers. The cell viability of the optimized samples was assessed with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The TCH loaded into the optimized core-shell sample of TCMC 3% (w/v)/PEO 1% (w/v) had a smooth and beadless morphology with a diameter of 86.12nm, slow and sustained drug release, and excellent bactericidal activity against a wide range of bacteria. This shows promise for use as an antibacterial material in such applications as tissue engineering and pharmaceutical science.

Investigation of composition extracts, biological activities and optimization of Solanum nigrum L. extraction growing in Iran.

Raw materials including medicinal plants are gaining popularity for the production of reliable and safe medicines suitable for human. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of mathematical and statistical techniques used for solving the optimization problems. Using the RSM method, compounds, extracts, antioxidant and antibacterial agents of methanol, hexane, chloroform and water extracts of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) found in Iran, had been studied for this research. GC and GC/MS had been used to determine the composition of the extracts from the aerial parts of S. nigrum. The major components of these varieties are alkane and alkane acid derivatives. The research has shown significant results that the maximum antioxidant activity was achieved in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test, and significant differences were also observed between the extracts and solvents in this respect (P<0.05, R2adj=99.97%). As regards the antibacterial activity, the chloroform extract has the largest zone of growth inhibition diameter in which the gram-positive bacteria were cultured.

Electrospinning of thermoplastic carboxymethyl cellulose/poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers for use in drug-release systems.

Polymeric delivery systems using electrospun nanofibers have been developed for many applications, notably for drug delivery and tissue engineering in the healthcare industry. In this study, a nanofiber drug carrier was fabricated via two different electrospinning processes, blend and coaxial, using a new degradable thermoplastic carboxymethyl cellulose (TCMC) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The TCMC was synthesized by graft copolymerization with methyl acrylate. Tetracycline hydrochloride served as a drug model incorporated within these nanofibers and their performance as a drug-carrier scaffold was evaluated. The structure morphology of the obtained nanofibers was viewed under scanning electron microscope, and the changes of the structural of polymer before and after graft and confirmation of incorporation of the drug on the fibers was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Response surface methodology was applied to predict the optimum condition for fabrication of the nanofibers. The drug-delivery profile showed that drug release from the optimized core-shell sample TCMC 3% (w/v)/PEO 1% (w/v) was much slower than for the blend nanofibers and was sustained for 72h with only 26.06% burst release within the first 30min. The drug-loaded TCMC 3% (w/v)/PEO 1% (w/v) core-shell sample nanofibers showed excellent bactericidal activity against a wide range of bacteria, indicating their potential as antibacterial materials in various applications such as tissue engineering and pharmaceutical science.