Effect of Laser and Conventional Office Bleaching and Polishing on the Color Change of Stained Nanohybrid and Microhybrid Composite Resin.

Aim: The present study investigated the effects of laser and conventional in-office bleaching, and polishing on the color of stained composite resin. Materials and Methods: A microhybrid composite (Clearfil AP-X) and a nanohybrid composite (Grandio) were selected. Twenty-four discs (2 × 10 mm) for each composite were prepared. The samples were immersed in coffee solution (25 g of coffee in 250 mL water) for seven days. Then the samples were divided into three groups (n = 8) and the stains were removed using bleaching (with Opalescence Xtra Boost), diode laser irradiation with Heydent material and a Sof-Lex polishing kit. The L ∗a ∗b ∗ color parameters were determined using a spectrophotometer before and after immersion and after stain removal procedures, and the overall color changes (ΔE) were calculated. The data were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance. Results: In the Clearfil composite resin group, the mean ΔE compared to the baseline using in-office bleaching, laser irradiation, and Sof-Lex polishing kit were 3.31, 3.35, and 4.93, respectively. These values with the Grandio composite resin were 3.31, 6.35, and 4.57, respectively. The highest capacity to remove stains was related to the conventional in-office bleaching method. Grandio composite resin underwent more color changes than Clearfil composite resin significantly (P-value < 0.05). Conclusion: Both composite resins exhibited color changes after immersion in the discoloring solution. However, after staining-removing procedures, the ΔE values decreased. Decreases in the ΔE values were not sufficient to restore the color to that before immersion in the discoloring solution with any stain-removing methods.

An experimental study on the effect of four pediatric drug types on color stability in different tooth-colored restorative materials.

BACKGROUND: One of the drawbacks of tooth-colored dental restorations is their discoloration over time. The present study aimed to determine the effect of four categories of pediatric medications, including analgesics, antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and multivitamins, on two types of tooth-colored dental materials, namely, composite resins and glass ionomer cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in vitro study, a total of 40 specimens with disc shapes (with a diameter of 5 mm and thickness of 2 mm) were prepared from each material and immersed in eight different drugs for 2 min three times a day for 1 week. The values of the baseline color were calculated based on the CIE (International Commission on Illumination) L*a*b* system. After 7 days, ΔE values were calculated. Two-way analysis of variance was employed for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was defined at 0.05. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences between ΔE and different restorative materials as well as ΔE and drug types (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: According to the results of this in vitro study, all the four types of drugs caused the discoloration in all the restorative materials, and the color change values were affected by the type of used drug and restorative material.

The clinical and radiographic evaluation of Allium sativum oil (garlic oil) in comparison with mineral trioxide aggregate in primary molar pulpotomy.

BACKGROUND: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is known as a common biomaterial for pulpotomy of primary molars, with limitation including high cost, difficult handling, and long setting time. This study was conducted to compare the clinical and radiographic success rate of Allium sativum oil and MTA in pulpotomy of primary molar teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized, controlled, clinical trial was performed on a group of children with at least two symptom-free primary molars requiring pulpotomy. A total of 90 teeth were randomly assigned into two groups: After pulp amputation and hemostasis, Group I received MTA as medication in the pulp chamber and Group II received Allium sativum oil over the pulp stumps. Pulp chamber was then filled with reinforced ZOE paste (zinc oxide eugenol) and teeth were restored using stainless steel crowns. The follow-up scheme of 6, 12, and 18 months was set, and teeth evaluation was conducted by a calibrated pediatric dentist based on the modified criteria proposed by Zurn and Seale. The results were analyzed using the generalized estimating equation analysis with the P = 0.05 as the level of significance. RESULTS: The clinical success rate was 100% in both groups after all follow-ups. The radiographic success rate was, however, 91.1% after 6.75. 6% after 12 and 18 months in Group II while it was 95.6% after 6, 91.1% after 12 and 18 months in Group I in those follow-up points. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: According to the results, Allium sativum oil has a high clinical and radiographic success rate comparable to those of MTA.

Desmoplastic fibroma of the lower jaw in a 2-year-old patient; report of a rare case.

Desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a rare benign but aggressive fibrous lesion with an unknown etiology. It has an affinity for the mandible. DF has a high rate of recurrence after surgical resection. In this study, we report the therapeutic management of a recurrence of DF in the lower jaw in a 2-year-old boy. He responded well to second surgical intervention with wide resection and immediate reconstruction with plate. The purpose of this case report is to emphasize the particularity of the case, treatment modalities, and differential diagnosis in DF.

Emphysematous Pyelonephritis and Hiccups, a Case Report.

The initial manifestation of emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) with hiccups is extremely rare. We report a 47-year-old diabetic man with complaint of persistent hiccups as the first manifestation. Class 3B EPN was confirmed based on findings of Contrast-enhanced abdominal multi-slice CT scan. There were no neurologic deficits, Medications that lead to hiccups and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Our patient was treated with antimicrobial therapy and double J stenting. His hiccups completely resolved in one week and had no relapse.

Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Allium sativum Oil (Garlic Oil) in Comparison with Formocresol in Primary Molar Pulpotomy.

BACKGROUND: Given the side effects of formocresol as a common substance in dental pulpotomy, its substitution with a safe substance seems mandatory. AIM: To compare the clinical and radiographic success of Allium sativum oil and formocresol in the pulpotomy of the primary molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized, split-mouth, double-blind, controlled clinical trial was conducted on children with at least two asymptomatic primary molars requiring pulpotomy. A total of 90 teeth were examined in this study. They were randomly divided into two groups: the A. sativum (ALL) group (n = 45) and the formocresol (FC) group (n = 45). After pulpotomy, A. sativum oil was applied to the radicular pulp in the ALL groups and formocresol in the FC group. The pulp chamber was then filled with reinforced Zinc oxide Eugenol and finally restored by a stainless steel crown. Three and six months after the intervention, the teeth were evaluated by a colleague based on a modified criteria system. The results were analyzed using Wilcoxon's test. RESULTS: The clinical success rate was 100% in both groups after 3 and 6 months. The radiographic success rate in the ALL group and the FC group after 3 and 6 months was 82.2% and 80% and 88.9% and 84.4%, respectively. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.46). CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, A. sativum oil can be used in the pulpotomy of the primary molars.