Microbial pollution indicators in Brazilian tropical and subtropical marine surface waters.

The specificity of indicators that depend on elevated incubation temperature as a selective factor for their enumeration was questioned because of the possibility of interference from autochthonous microorganisms adapted to high ambient temperatures. Lactose-fermenting cultures isolated from fecal coliform tests of tropical marine surface waters were identified as consisting of about 70% Escherichia coli, and most of the remaining cultures being Klebsiella, Enterobacter or Citrobacter species. This confirmed the taxonomic specificity of fecal coliform tests for these waters. Fecal and total coliforms, fecal streptococcus, heterotrophic bacteria and yeast counts had correlations of above 99% confidence levels with most other microbial and chemical parameters studied. Waters with fecal coliform counts above 1000 per 100 ml had increased incidence of presumptive pathogenic yeasts, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella. Our data support the use of coliforms or fecal streptococci as indicators of recent fecal pollution in tropical marine waters and yeast or heterotrophic bacteria counts as complementary indicator methods for these waters.

Lordosis torácica congénita / Congenital thoracic lardosis

La lordosis torácica congénita es una enfermedad rara, con pocas referencias bibliográficas. Constituye un defecto de segmentación posterior de la columna vertebral que ocasiona una curva de concavidad posterior en la columna torácica (lordosis). La columna vertebral se acerca al esternón, comprimiendo y desplazando estructuras del mediastino. Se presentan serios trastornos respiratorios que pueden llevar a la muerte, por lo cual debe tratarse precozmente. Nuestro tratamiento ha consistido: primeramente en una artrodesis de la columna, por abordaje anterior en el área afectada, luego estabilizamos por vía posterior con instrumental de Harrington, sin artrodesis, y finalmente un enyesado por diez meses

Modelos de resistencia de Salmonella typhimurium a antimicrobianos. / Resistance models of Salmonella typhimurium to antimicrobial agents

Realizamos uma investigacao sobre o comportamento de 100 amostras de S.typhimurium, incluindo 60 amostras de fermentadoras de lactose e 40 biotipos fermentadores, frente a 7 antimicrobianos de uso comum na terapeutica humana. Ocorreu um predominio de resistencia em cerca de 50%. Comparando os niveis de resistencia entre as amostras nao fermentadoras e fermentadoras de lactose, observamos que: em ambos os grupos houve predominio de resistencia, particularmente entre as fermentadoras do lactose revelaram monorresistencia; foram observados trinta e dois (32) modelos de resistencia, sendo vinte e cinco (25) modelos relativos as amostras lactose negativa e dezesseis (16) modelos das amostras lactose positiva