Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium in treating children with suppurative tonsillitis.

To evaluate clinical effects of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium in the treatment of children with suppurative tonsillitis, 146 children with suppurative tonsillitis were randomly divided into a ceftezole sodium group and an amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium group. The two groups were given anti-infection treatment using different drugs. Symptomatic treatment was carried out once symptoms such as fever appeared. Five to seven days were taken as one treatment course. Blood routine examination and the detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) were performed three days after treatment. Indexes such as the time to the relief of symptoms, the count of white blood cells, the proportion of neutrophil and CRP levels and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between groups to evaluate the curative effect. The overall response rate of the amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium group was 94.52%, while that of the ceftezole sodium group was 78.08%; the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The improvement of white blood cells and CRP levels of the amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium group was more obvious than that of the ceftezole sodium group (P<0.05). The difference of the time to the improvement of symptoms between the two groups had statistical significance; the amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium group was superior to the ceftezole sodium group (P<0.05). No severe drug-related adverse reactions were observed. Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium dispersible tablet is effective in treating children with suppurative tonsillitis as it can rapidly relieve the clinical symptoms without increasing incidence of adverse reactions.

[Value of multi-slice spiral CT in preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic cancer].

Objective: To analyze the diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in preoperative tumor staging, lymphatic metastasis, vascular invasion and perineural invasion. Methods: From January 2013 to December 2015, MSCT images of 87 patients from the Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University who were examined by contrast-enhanced MSCT and diagnosed as pancreatic cancer by surgical pathology within 2 weeks were collected.MSCT images were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the tumor staging, lymphatic metastasis, vascular invasion and perineural invasion and then compared with surgical pathology.Kappa test and receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of MSCT in pancreatic cancer. Results: The overall accuracy of MSCT in T staging of pancreatic cancer was 85.1% (kappa =0.67, P<0.01); the accuracy of T1, T2, T3 and T4 staging were 75.0%, 57.1%, 95.0% and 66.7%; the sensitivity were 75.0%, 80.0%, 87.7% and 75.0%; the specificity were 98.8%, 92.2%, 86.4% and 96.2%; the positive predictive value (PPV) were 75.0%, 57.1%, 95.0% and 66.7%; the negative predictive value (NPV) were 98.8%, 97.3%, 70.4% and 97.4%.The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MSCT in diagnosing lymphatic metastasis were 62.1%, 62.3%, 61.5%, 79.2% and 41.0%.The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MSCT in diagnosing vascular invasion were 94.3%, 78.6%, 97.3%, 84.6% and 95.9%.The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MSCT in diagnosing MSCT perineural invasion were 80.5%, 81.1%, 76.9%, 95.2% and 41.7%.The area under curve (AUC) was 0.79(95%CI 0.68-0.90, P=0.001). Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced MSCT plays important roles in evaluation of preoperative tumor staging, vascular invasion and perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer while it has little value on diagnosis of lymphatic metastasis.

Lutein alleviates arsenic-induced reproductive toxicity in male mice via Nrf2 signaling.

This study aims to investigate the mechanisms involved in the action of lutein (LU) alleviating arsenic-induced reproductive toxicity using mice model. Forty male Kunming mice were received following treatments by gavage: normal saline solution (control), arsenic trioxide (ATO; 5 mg/kg/day), LU (40 mg/kg/day), and ATO + LU (5 mg/kg/day + 40 mg/kg/day). At the end, the mice were killed by cervical dislocation and weighed. Pathological examination was done on the testis. The biomedical parameters including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidative capability, malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and reproductive indexes were analyzed. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of Nrf2, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), glutathione S-transferase (GST), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate dehydrogenase, quinone 1 (NQO1) in testis were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. We found that there was a decrease in sperm count; testis somatic index; the activities of SOD, GSH, total antioxidative capacity (p < 0.01, respectively) in ATO-treated mice, while there was an increase in the levels of sperm abnormalities, MDA, and 8-OHdG than control (p < 0.01, respectively). The groups treated with ATO + LU showed recovery of the measured parameters between those of ATO or saline-treated group. The antagonized interaction between ATO and LU was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Mice treated with ATO + LU also showed greater mRNA expression of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, and GST than ATO or saline-treated groups. These findings suggest that LU alleviates reproductive toxicity induced by arsenic in male mice via Nrf2 signaling, which implicates a possible mechanism of LU in preventing the reproductive injury, and elucidates that consuming the rich plant sources of LU will alleviate the reproductive toxicity induced by chemicals.

[The contrast analysis of endoscopic thyroidectomy by complete areola approach and conventional open thyroidectomy].

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy between the endoscopic thyroidectomy by complete areola approach and the conventional open thyroidectomy.Method:One hundred and twenty-one cases of endoscopic thyroidectomy by complete areola approach or conventional open thyroidectomy patients were reviewed retrospectively, whose operation time, median blood lose, volume of postoperative drainage, incision scar formation rate and patient satisfaction were observed and compared.Result:There were obvious advantages in the median blood lose, volume of postoperative drainage, incision scar formation rate and patient satisfaction in the group of endoscopic thyroidectomy by complete areola approach comparing conventional open thyroidectomy. The difference was statistically significant（P <0.05）.Conclusion:The method of endoscopic thyroidectomy by complete areola approach is obviously better , which has many advantages, such as Less bleeding, less volume of wound drainage and small skin incision scar. The patients were satisfied with the treatment.It is worthy of clinical application.

Protection of methylflavonolamine against acute cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.

AIM: To examine the possible beneficial action of methylflavonolamine (MFA) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS: Acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was produced by 4-vessel occlusion and subsequent 1-h release. MFA, 20 mg kg-1, was injected intravenously 5 min before occlusion and again before release. RESULTS: The brain water content in the reperfusion group (Rep) was elevated (82.7% +/- 1.1% vs control 79.7% +/- 0.5%, P < 0.01), while MFA alleviated the brain edema (80.9% +/- 0.9% vs Rep, P < 0.01). The CK level of brain tissue in Rep decreased (4.7 +/- 1.4 vs control 8.4 +/- 1.2 U/mg protein, P < 0.01), but MFA restored it (7.2 +/- 1.1 U/mg protein vs Rep, P < 0.01). Reperfusion caused the rise of lipid peroxides (2.3 +/- 0.5 vs control 1.5 +/- 0.4 nmol/mg protein, P < 0.01) and weakened the superoxide dismutase (SOD) (3.1 +/- 1.6 vs control 10.5 +/- 3.9 U/mg protein P < 0.01), MFA reduced the rise of lipid peroxides (1.6 +/- 0.4 nmol/mg protein vs Rep, P < 0.05) and protected the activity of SOD (7.9 +/- 1.6 U/mg protein vs Rep, P < 0.01) in brain. CONCLUSION: MFA has the protective effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, and these effects are relative to scavenging free radicals and anti-lipid peroxidation.