RESUMO
Microliquid jets have many applications, in particular in the fields of spectroscopy/analysis of samples susceptible to beam damage. Herein, we report a microliquid jet, manufactured with 3D printing technology, with a tuneable nozzle diameter output. This strategy increases the breadth of techniques that can be covered with a single microliquid jet.
Assuntos
Dispositivos Lab-On-A-Chip , Impressão Tridimensional , Solventes/químicaRESUMO
Sulphite spent liquor (SSL) is a side product from acidic sulphite pulping of wood, which organic counterpart is composed mainly by lignosulphonates (LS) and sugars. The last are a prominent substrate for the bioprocessing although a previous purification step is necessary to eliminate microbial inhibitors. In this study a fractionation of hardwood SSL (HSSL) has been accomplished employing ion exchange resins in order to separate sugars fraction from concomitant inhibitors: LS, acetic acid, furan derivatives, phenolics, acetic acid and excess of inorganic salts. The fractionation of HSSL has been carried out using two fixed-bed ion exchangers in series (cationic+anionic). The first cation exchange column packed with Dowex 50WX2 resin was able to eliminate free cations and partially separate sugars from high molecular weight LS and furan derivatives. The second anion exchange column packed with Amberlite IRA-96 sorbed remaining LS, phenolics and acetic acid. Overall, the series arrangement under investigation has removed 99.99% of Mg(2+), 99.0% of Ca(2+), 99.6% of LS, and 100% of acetic acid, whereas the yield of recovered sugars was at least 72% of their total amount in HSSL.
Assuntos
Fracionamento Químico/métodos , Resinas de Troca Iônica/química , Sulfitos/química , Biocombustíveis , Biotecnologia/métodos , Carboidratos/química , Carboidratos/isolamento & purificação , Cátions/química , Eucalyptus , Fermentação , Lignina/análogos & derivados , Lignina/química , Lignina/isolamento & purificação , MadeiraRESUMO
The white rot fungus Trametes versicolor was applied to the decolourisation of three synthetic textile dyes in the presence and absence of glucose. Different initial dye concentrations were tested and approximately 97% decolourisation was achieved. It was found that fungal metabolism induced by the glucose as well as the pH play an important role in the decolourisation process. This treatment was also applied to a real wastewater from a textile industry-dyeing sector leading to 92% decolourisation.