Factors influencing the work of researchers in Scientific Initiation: A systematic review protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Scientific Initiation (SI) is an educational activity that allows students to begin their scientific training and research under the guidance of an experienced researcher. While several studies have examined students' perceptions of SI, research on the perspective of researchers working in this field is currently lacking. Thus, this study's aim is to describe the protocol design for conducting a systematic review. At the same time, the review aims also to identify factors influencing the work of researchers in SI and explore the motivations leading researchers to engage in research projects within institutions and their respective impacts. METHOD AND ANALYSES: Literature search will be done using the bibliographic databases, including Academic Search Premier, APA PsycNet, CINAHL Plus, ERIC, SocINDEX, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search strategy was guided by the PICo framework (Population, phenomenon of Interest, and Context). The preparation and development of this protocol following guidelines were employed: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P 2015), Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies 2015 (PRESS 2015), and PRISMA-Search (PRISMA-S). Original, peer-reviewed articles that examine the factors related to the work of researchers in SI will be included without any language or publication date restrictions. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies will be screened by two independent researchers. The included studies will be analyzed to identify factors, policies, and their impacts obtained analytically. Findings will be objectively categorized and synthetically represented through figures, diagrams, and graphic models. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) and the Downs and Black checklists. A third senior reviewer will resolve any discrepancies. DISCUSSION: We aim to understand the factors that drive researchers to engage in SI research through the dissemination of the findings of this systematic review. This may aid the development of institutional strategies and actions that can support the enhancement of SI programs and encourage greater researcher participation.

Administrative professionals' quality of life in educational institutions: a systematic review protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Indicators of administrative professionals' quality of life (QoL) in educational institutions are essential for planning improvements in their daily lives. QoL is a recurring topic in academic research, particularly in the healthcare sector. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the perceptions of administrative professionals in educational institutions regarding their QoL and the implications of remote and in-person work. Additionally, we aim to compare the QoL before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Five electronic databases will be searched for this systematic review: CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Original, peer-reviewed articles published in any language, without time limitations, will be included in this study. Two researchers will screen the articles and extract the data. The included articles will be evaluated for the quality of their evidence using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist and the Downs and Black scale. A third reviewer will resolve any discrepancies. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The systematic review results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at a relevant conference. The data will not include individual patient data; therefore, ethical approval is not required. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022365862.

Relationship between depression and quality of life among students: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objectives of this systematic review were to estimate the prevalence of depression and to identify the relationship between depression and quality of life (QOL) among high school and university students. Literature search was performed in the Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Scielo, CINAHL and Web of Science databases, following the PRISMA methodology. The results were presented through descriptive approaches and meta-analysis. Thirty-six studies met the eligibility criteria, and twenty-six were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 27% (95% CI 0.21-0.33) among students, being high school and university students was 25% (95% CI 0.14-0.37) and 27% (95% CI 0.20-0.34), respectively, and most studies have shown that depression was associated with low QOL. Among the limitations of the study is the difficulty of generalizing the results found, considering the large sample of health students. New studies should be conducted considering the severity, duration, and patterns of depressive symptoms in high school and university students, to better understand the relationship between depression and QOL.

Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in High School Students: A Quasi Experimental Study via Smartphone during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether exposure to information about physical activity and its barriers can increase the level of physical activity and reduce the time exposed to sedentary behaviors in high school students involved in integrated professional and technological education during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This quasi experimental study was conducted with integrated education high school students, divided into two groups: Intervention Group (IG; n = 59) and Control Group (CG; n = 54). Physical activity and sedentary behavior were identified and measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire pre-and post-intervention for both groups. IG students received educational material thrice a week for four weeks. The focus of the material was the importance of physical activity and need to reduce the time exposed to sedentary behavior. The results revealed that IG students showed an average daily reduction of 47.14 min in time exposed to sedentary behaviors, while the CG students showed an increase of 31.37 min. Despite this, the intervention was not effective in improving physical activity levels in the IG and the mean reduction in the time exposed to sedentary behavior was not significant (p = 0.556). The intervention was ineffective in increasing the practice of physical activity and reducing the time exposed to sedentary behavior.

Depressive Symptoms and Their Associated Factors in Vocational-Technical School Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The objectives of this study were to compare the prevalence of depressive symptoms, behavioral habits, and QoL in students from two vocational-technical schools, and to determine the association of depressive symptoms with behavioral habits and quality of life (QoL) in these students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with students attending the institution of the Brazilian Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education. The students answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic variables, situations related to the COVID-19 pandemic, behavioral habits, QoL, and depressive symptoms. The outcome variable was the presence of depressive symptoms, assessed using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed. A total of 343 students participated in this study (women, 55.7%; mean age of 16.1 ± 0.93 years). The prevalence of depressive symptoms among students was 43.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38.0-49.0), and these symptoms were significantly associated with being female (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.72; 95% CI: 1.31-2.27); being in the 10th grade (PR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.18-2.76) and 9th grade (PR 2.08; 95% CI: 1.37-3.18); social isolation (PR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.00-4.14); hunger due to a lack of food at home (PR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.33-2.39); low physical activity levels (PR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.09-2.59); and moderate (PR: 2.87, 95% CI: 1.68-4.89) and low QoL (PR: 5.66; 95% CI: 3.48-9.19). The results emphasize the importance of interventions aimed mainly at female students and those in the initial years of high school, in addition to the importance of physical activity, food safety, and QoL to improve the mental health of students.

Critérios auditáveis para implementação de melhores práticas na adesão ao checklist cirúrgico / Criterios de auditoría para la implementación de mejores prácticas en la adhesión a la checklist quirúrgico / Auditable criteria for implementing best practices in adhering to the surgical safety checklist

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a adesão ao uso da Lista de Verificação de Segurança Cirúrgica de um hospital, conforme os critérios auditáveis do Instituto Joanna Briggs. Métodos Estudo observacional descritivo que utilizou as ferramentas Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System e Getting Reasearch into Practice nas três fases previstas da metodologia: auditoria de base, educativa e auditoria de seguimento. As auditorias aconteceram no centro cirúrgico de um hospital do oeste de Santa Catarina. Na auditoria de base, foram elegíveis cem cirurgias, sendo as mesmas cem incluídas na auditoria de seguimento, com observação direta da equipe cirúrgica no preenchimento completo da Lista de Verificação de Segurança Cirúrgica. Resultados Na auditoria de base, os critérios 2 e 3 tiveram alta conformidade com a melhor prática (81% a 93%), e os critérios 1 e 4 (45%, 49%) apresentaram baixa conformidade. A partir das barreiras encontradas na auditoria de base, foram realizadas atividades educativas junto à equipe cirúrgica. Na auditoria de seguimento, houve aumento nos percentuais da conformidade em todos os critérios, e os critérios 2 e 3 obtiveram 100% e 99%, respectivamente, contudo os critérios 1 e 4 continuaram com percentuais abaixo do esperado (65% e 54%, respectivamente). Conclusão A não obtenção de 100% de conformidade nos critérios auditados é ocasionada por um cuidado assistido não baseado na prática por evidências. Contudo, espera-se uma educação permanente e continuada para realizar as boas práticas na instituição do estudo.

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar la adhesión al uso de la Lista de Verificación de Seguridad Quirúrgica de un hospital, según los criterios de auditoría del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Métodos Estudio observacional descriptivo que utilizó las herramientas Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System y Getting Reasearch into Practice en las tres fases previstas de la metodología: auditoría basal, educativa y auditoría de seguimiento. Las auditorías se realizaron en el quirófano de un hospital del oeste del estado de Santa Catarina. En la auditoría basal, se seleccionaron 100 cirugías y las mismas 100 se incluyeron en la auditoría de seguimiento, con observación directa del equipo quirúrgico para el llenado completo de la Lista de Verificación de Seguridad Quirúrgica. Resultados En la auditoría basal, los criterios 2 y 3 tuvieron alta conformidad con la mejor práctica (81 % a 93 %), y los criterios 1 y 4 (45 %, 49 %) presentaron baja conformidad. A partir de los obstáculos encontrados en la auditoría basal, se realizaron actividades educativas con el equipo quirúrgico. En la auditoría de seguimiento, hubo un aumento en los porcentajes de conformidad en todos los criterios. El criterio 2 obtuvo 100 % y el 3, 99 %; no obstante, los criterios 1 y 4 continuaron con porcentajes inferiores a lo esperado (65 % y 54 %, respectivamente). Conclusión La no obtención del 100 % de conformidad en los criterios auditados se debe a un cuidado asistido no basado en la práctica por evidencias. Sin embargo, se espera una educación permanente y continua para realizar las buenas prácticas en la institución del estudio.

Abstract Objective To assess adherence to the use of the hospital's Surgical Safety Checklist according to the auditable criteria of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Methods An observational descriptive study was conducted, using the Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and Getting Research into Practice tools in the three phases of the study methodology: basic, educational and follow-up audits. The audits took place in the surgical center of a hospital in western Santa Catarina, Brazil. A total of 100 surgeries were eligible in the baseline audit, with the same 100 being included in the follow-up audit, and direct observation being performed by the surgical team in completing the Surgical Safety Checklist. Results Criteria 2 and 3 were highly compliant with best practices (81% to 93%) in the baseline audit, while Criteria 1 and 4 (45%, 49%) had low compliance. Thus, educational activities were conducted with the surgical team based on the barriers found in the basic audit. There was an increase in the compliance percentages for all criteria in the follow-up audit, and Criteria 2 and 3 obtained 100% and 99%, respectively; however, Criteria 1 and 4 continued with percentages below the expected (65% and 54%, respectively). Conclusion Failure to achieve 100% compliance with the audited criteria is caused by the provided care not being based on evidence-based practice. However, permanent and continuous education is expected to result in good practices at the study institution.

Evaluation Instruments for Assessing Back Pain in Athletes: A Systematic Review Protocol.

Back pain is a public health problem that affects adolescents and adults worldwide. However, studies on back pain present inconsistent findings in part due to the use of different instruments, especially for athletes. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review protocol was to map the existing evidence on such tools. The systematic review will be conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Five electronic databases, Embase, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and Scopus will be searched. This review includes studies that investigated prevalence, incidence, and other variables. Titles and abstracts will be selected. Two independent reviewers will read the articles carefully and discrepancies, if any, will be dealt with by a third reviewer. All steps will be completed with Rayyan for systematic reviews and the methodological quality will be analyzed with a COSMIN checklist. Discussion: This systematic review will gather evidence on tools that assess back pain in athletes. The findings may indicate the most appropriate tools for assessing back pain. They will contribute to better reliability, safe measurements, and help to standardize a comparison tool between different studies. They will also assist in the development of specific tools for athletes. Registration: This review was submitted and registered under CRD42020201299 in PROSPERO.

Predicting mortality in bronchiectasis using bronchiectasis severity index and FACED scores: a 19-year cohort study.

The clinical course of bronchiectasis is unpredictable, posing a challenge both in clinical practice and in research. Two mortality prediction scores, the bronchiectasis severity index (BSI) and FACED scores, have recently been developed. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of these scores to predict long-term mortality and to compare the two scores.The study was a single-centre retrospective cohort analysis consisting of 91 subjects originally recruited in 1994. BSI and FACED scores were calculated at the time of enrolment and long-term mortality ascertained. Data was available for 74 patients with a median of 18.8 years of follow-up.Both scoring systems had similar predictive power for 5-year mortality (area under receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) 0.79 for BSI and 0.8 for FACED). Both scores were able to predict 15-year mortality with the FACED score showing slightly superior predictive power (AUC 0.82 versus 0.69, p=0.0495).This study provides further validation of the FACED and BSI scores for the prediction of mortality in bronchiectasis and demonstrates their utility over a longer period than originally described. Whilst both scores had excellent predictive power, the FACED score was superior for 15-year mortality.

An Oncogenic NTRK Fusion in a Patient with Soft-Tissue Sarcoma with Response to the Tropomyosin-Related Kinase Inhibitor LOXO-101.

UNLABELLED: Oncogenic TRK fusions induce cancer cell proliferation and engage critical cancer-related downstream signaling pathways. These TRK fusions occur rarely, but in a diverse spectrum of tumor histologies. LOXO-101 is an orally administered inhibitor of the TRK kinase and is highly selective only for the TRK family of receptors. Preclinical models of LOXO-101 using TRK-fusion-bearing human-derived cancer cell lines demonstrate inhibition of the fusion oncoprotein and cellular proliferation in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo. The tumor of a 41-year-old woman with soft-tissue sarcoma metastatic to the lung was found to harbor an LMNA-NTRK1 gene fusion encoding a functional LMNA-TRKA fusion oncoprotein as determined by an in situ proximity ligation assay. In a phase I study of LOXO-101 (ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT02122913), this patient's tumors underwent rapid and substantial tumor regression, with an accompanying improvement in pulmonary dyspnea, oxygen saturation, and plasma tumor markers. SIGNIFICANCE: TRK fusions have been deemed putative oncogenic drivers, but their clinical significance remained unclear. A patient with a metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma with an LMNA-NTRK1 fusion had rapid and substantial tumor regression with a novel, highly selective TRK inhibitor, LOXO-101, providing the first clinical evidence of benefit from inhibiting TRK fusions.

Rationale, design, and methods for the risk evaluation and communication health outcomes and utilization trial (REACH OUT).

OBJECTIVE: To test the primary study hypothesis that a physician-delivered coronary heart disease risk evaluation and communication program can lower patients' predicted 10-year risk of myocardial infarction or death due to coronary heart disease by 10% within 6 months compared to usual care. DESIGN: Prospective, parallel group, open-label, controlled, cluster-randomized multinational trial; the study site is the unit of randomization. SETTING: Patients were recruited from 106 general practices located in nine European countries. PATIENTS: Men and women aged 45 to 64 (N=1500) with a documented history of hypertension (treated or untreated), systolic blood pressure > or =140 mmHg (or > or =130 mmHg in the presence of renal or kidney disease), no history of cardiovascular disease, and a predicted 10-year risk of myocardial infarction or death due to coronary heart disease > or =10%. INTERVENTION: Sites were randomized to deliver a physician-directed coronary heart disease risk communication and education program or usual care. The intervention program included informing patients of their 10-year risk of myocardial infarction or death due to coronary heart disease, educating patients about modifiable risk factors and their control, and three follow-up phone calls by a physician or study nurse. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Predicted 10-year risk of myocardial infarction or death due to coronary heart disease at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: REACH OUT will evaluate a novel, patient-focused, physician-implemented application of coronary heart disease risk equations. Results of the study will be of practical relevance to physicians, health care organizations, and those who issue clinical guidelines for the reduction of cardiovascular risk.