Water quality and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance in isolated of E. coli from water for human consumption in Bagua, under One Health approach.

The One Health approach acknowledges the interconnection between human health, animal health, and environmental health, recognizing that these domains are closely intertwined, as many diseases affecting humans are also common in animals. Water acts as a vehicle for the transmission of such diseases, highlighting the significance of monitoring the quality of water intended for human consumption. In 2022, a research study was conducted to evaluate the water quality for human consumption in Bagua, Amazonas Region. The physicochemical analysis indicated that most parameters were within normal range, except for residual chlorine, which was predominantly absent. Microbiological analysis revealed the presence of total coliforms and E. coli. Phenotypic characterization of E. coli isolates exhibited resistance to the several antibiotics, including nalidixic acid, gentamicin, amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. These findings indicate a compromised production of water for human consumption, as per the water quality regulations in Peru. The presence of fecal contamination poses a significant microbiological risk to consumers. These results underscore the breakdown of the human-environment-animal interface within the One Health approach, thereby endangering public health.

Determination of inorganic chemical parameters in drinking water in districts of the province of Puno in the region Puno-Peru.

The inorganic chemical parameters in drinking water that include heavy metals are substances that exist in nature very widespread, nevertheless toxic metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, are very harmful to human health and to all forms of life, these toxic metals are silents contaminants. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the presence of inorganic chemical parameters in the drinking water from districts of the province of Puno. The results were compared based on the parametric test T-student and the non-parametric tests Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Finding the highest values (mg/L) in districts as Capachica Ba (0.8458) and Pb (0.5255), Mañazo Al (3.08) and Pb (0.0185), San Antonio de Esquilache Fe (0.49) and Pb (0.9513), Vilque As (0.0193) and Pb (15.34), and Pichacani As (0.0193) and Pb (0.0215), as it is observed the samples do not comply with the regulation of the quality of drinking water in Peru, making it unsuitable for human consumption.

Evaluation of environmental parameters in the Espinar Puno stabilization lagoon.

The "Espinar" stabilization lagoon is a body of wastewater that is located in the district (region of Puno), which accumulates wastewater that comes from the population of the city of Puno-Peru. The present study was carried out in January and February of 2019 in affluent and effluent wastewater. The measures of pH, water temperature, total suspended solids, electrical conductivity and salinity were evaluated. The results showed that there are significant differences between the data of the affluent and effluent samples during the periods analyzed (Krustal Wallis). The median concentrations values of the effluent for the parameters of temperature (16.60 °C), salinity (0.67 mg/L), pH (7.70), total dissolved solids (669.00 ppm) and electrical conductivity (1463.07 µs/cm), they all show significant differences. Also, the removal efficiency was calculated by the total dissolved solids (TDS) and the positive removal of 7.80% of pollutant load was found. Although these results are within the established limits, the monitoring mechanisms must be established for an adequate control of the parameters evaluated and thus, there won't be a deterioration of the environment surrounding the lagoon.