Neonatal renal and inferior vena cava thrombosis associated with fetal thrombotic vasculopathy: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy is a described placental diagnosis associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. It may also predispose children to somatic thromboembolic events. As far as we know, this is the first case of inferior vena cava thrombosis associated with fetal thrombotic vasculopathy in a completely asymptomatic newborn. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of an asymptomatic, full-term Turkish male neonate delivered at 39 weeks of gestation diagnosed as having thrombosis of the renal vein and inferior vena cava. Diagnosis was guided only by the presence of edematous umbilical cord with macroscopic signs of clotting and, subsequently, microscopic features of the placenta, suggesting fetal thrombotic vasculopathy. CONCLUSIONS: Thrombosis of the renal and inferior vena cava in our healthy, asymptomatic full-term neonate is clearly associated with fetal thrombotic vasculopathy. The diagnosis of thrombosis in this neonate was incidental. This suggests that fetal thrombotic vasculopathy may cause unrecognized neonatal thrombosis. Untreated neonatal thrombosis may later compromise growth and function of the involved organs; therefore, maintaining a high index of suspicion based on thrombotic vasculopathy is paramount.

Littre's hernia in newborn infants: report of two cases.

Littre's hernia was originally defined by Reinke in 1841 as "the presence of a Meckel's diverticulum in any hernial sac." It is generally difficult to differentiate from other types of hernia until complications arise. It is a rare and accidental finding at any age, but it is absolutely exceptional in neonates. To our knowledge, only one case under the age of 1 month has been reported in the literature. Herein two cases treated in the first 20 days of life are reported.

Association of microphthalmia and esophageal atresia: description of a patient and review of the literature.

Since 1988, when Rogers first described a boy with anophthalmia associated with esophageal atresia, eight similar cases have been reported. These patients lend support to the hypothesis that this association of congenital anomalies constitutes a discrete entity, although the etiology is still unknown. We report a patient with this combination of malformations as well as a marked hypoplasia of the entire left half of the body.

A rare case of neonatal ileo-cecal valve stenosis due to covered iliac perforation.

At birth, newborn babies tend to respond to any stressful event with elective blood shunting towards the main organ systems, such as the brain and heart. Consequently, the bowel may suffer from a severe flow reduction with a high risk of hypoperfusion. The distal ileum is relatively less vascularized than other parts of intestine, due to a lack of collateral arteriolar circulation. It is therefore at higher risk of hypoxia, tissue necrosis and perforation in situations of minimal hypoperfusion or spasm. A rare case of covered perforation of the last loop of the ileum in a severely preterm baby is reported. The perforation manifested atypically as inflammatory stenosis of the loop and the ileo-cecal valve. To avoid misdiagnoses and to manage these cases correctly, the caregiver has to consider this rare eventuality in the differential diagnosis of intestinal occlusion/subocclusion in the first days of life.

Neonatal intestinal occlusion due to duodenal duplication in association with malformed gallbladder sludge.

Duodenal duplications are rare observations which can be diagnosed during early pregnancy via US scan. In the neonate they are often cause for intestinal occlusions. Surgical treatment can be limited by the duplication's anatomical interrelationships with adjacent organs. Biliary sludge is an uncommon finding in the first year of life, and can readily regress spontaneously. The association between duodenal duplication and sludge has never been described in the literature in the neonatal period. Here, for the first time, we report on the case of a newborn infant with cystic duplication of the duodenum associated with sludge in a misshapen gallbladder.