Guide catheter extension use are associated with higher procedural success in chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary interventions.

BACKGROUND: Guide catheter extensions (GCEs) increase support and facilitate equipment delivery, but aggressive instrumentation may be associated with a higher risk of complications. AIM: Our aim was to assess the impact of GCEs on procedural success and complications in patients submitted to chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: We analyzed data from the multicenter LATAM CTO Registry. Procedural success was defined as <30% residual stenosis and TIMI 3 distal flow. Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) was defined as the composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and stroke. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to compare outcomes with and without GCE use. RESULTS: From August 2010 to August 2021, 3049 patients were included. GCEs were used in 438 patients (14.5%). In unadjusted analysis, patients in the GCE group were older and had more comorbidities. The median J-CTO score and its components were higher in the GCE group. After PSM, procedural success was higher with GCE use (87.7% vs. 80.5%, p = 0.007). The incidence of coronary perforation (odds ratio [OR]: 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78-2.71, p = 0.230), bleeding (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 0.41-2.41, p = 0.986), in-hospital death (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 0.54-3.62, p = 0.495) and MACCE (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.52-2.19, p = 0.850) were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: In a contemporary, multicenter cohort of patients undergoing CTO PCI, GCEs were used in older patients, with more comorbidities and complex anatomy. After PSM, GCE use was associated with higher procedural success, and similar incidence of adverse outcomes.

Chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention in Latin America.

OBJECTIVES: To report clinical, angiographic characteristics, outcomes, and predictors of unsuccessful procedures in patients who underwent chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in Latin America. BACKGROUND: CTO PCI has been increasingly performed worldwide, but there is a lack of information in this region. METHODS: An international multicenter registry was developed to collect data on CTO PCI performed in centers in Latin America. Patient, angiographic, procedural and outcome data were evaluated. Predictors of unsuccessful procedures were assessed by multivariable analysis. RESULTS: We have included data related to 1,040 CTO PCIs performed in seven countries in Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Puerto Rico). The mean age was 64 ± 10 years, and CTO PCI was performed mainly for angina control (81%) or treatment of a large ischemic area (30%). Overall technical success rate was 82.5%, and it was achieved with antegrade wire escalation in 81%, antegrade dissection/re-entry in 8% and with retrograde techniques in 11% of the successful procedures. Multivariable analysis identified moderate/severe calcification, a blunt proximal cap and a previous attempt as independent predictors of unsuccessful procedures. In-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) occurred in 3.1% of the cases, death in 1% and cardiac tamponade in 0.9% CONCLUSIONS: CTO PCI in Latin America has been performed mainly for ischemia relief. Procedures were associated with a success rate above 80% and low incidence of MACE. Predictors of unsuccessful procedures were similar to those previously reported in the literature.

Dissecções de Borda Após Implante Coronário de Suportes Vasculares Biorreabsorvíveis. Análise Seriada com Tomografia de Coerência Óptica / Edge Dissections After the Coronary Implantation of Bioresorbable Scaffolds. Serial Analysis Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Introdução: A incidência de dissecções de borda, após o implante de suportes vasculares biorreabsorvíveis (SVBs), ainda não foi investigada. Esses suportes têm hastes mais espessas e requerem pré-dilatação mais agressiva no implante. Avaliamos a incidência de dissecções de borda após implante de SVBs, seus aspectos morfométricos e o processo de cicatrização, com imagens de tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT) seriadas. Métodos: Incluímos pacientes consecutivos, que foram tratados com SVBs polimérico, e que possuíam avaliação com OCT após o procedimento e aos 6 meses de evolução. Dissecções de borda foram definidas como rupturas da superfície luminal nos 5 mm distais ou proximais ao SVB. Resultados: Das 96 bordas de 48 SVB implantados em 48 lesões de 48 pacientes, 91 bordas estavam disponíveis para a análise. Dissecções foram detectadas pela OCT em 28 bordas (30,7%) de 22 lesões (45,8%), com igual distribuição entre as bordas distais e proximais. Todas as dissecções apareceram como flaps e não foram visualizadas pela angiografia. Doença aterosclerótica esteve presente em 96,4% das bordas dissecadas; a maioria era fibrocalcificada (40,8%) e mais de um terço era rica em lipídio. O comprimento médio das dissecções foi 1,80 mm e a área média dos flaps tinha 0,30 mm. A maioria ...

Background: The incidence of edge dissections after the coronary implantation of bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) has not been investigated. BRS have thicker struts and require more aggressive pre-dilation for implantation. The incidence of edge dissections after BRS implantation, their morphological aspects and healing process were evaluated using serial optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Methods: Consecutive patients treated with a polymeric BRS, who had an OCT evaluation after the procedure and at 6-month follow-up, were included in the current analysis. Edge dissections were defined as luminal surface ruptures, 5-mm distally or proximally to the BRS edges. Results: Out of 96 edges from 48 BRS implanted in 48 lesions of 48 patients, 91 edges were available for analysis. Dissections were detected by OCT in 28 edges (30.7%) and in 22 lesions (45.8%), with equal distribution between distal and proximal edges. All dissections appeared as flaps and none were visible by angiography. Atherosclerotic disease was present in 96.4% of all dissected edges; most were fibrocalcific (40.8%), and more than one-third were lipid-rich. Mean dissection length was 1.80 mm, and the mean flap area was 0.30 mm. Most dissections (89.3%) were superficial and restricted to the intima/atheroma layer. At the 6-month follow-up 92.8% of all dissections healed completely, and there was no significant reduction in the luminal dimensions at the edge segments, with only one case of restenosis. ...