RESUMO
A dengue é uma arbovirose considerada de cunho desafiadora para a saúde pública mundial, visto que proporciona prejuízos duradouros, representando, assim, uma ameaça à saúde humana. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a distribuição espacial dos casos de dengue no Piauí entre 2015 e 2019. Tratou-se de um estudo ecológico espacial da dengue, com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) de 2015 a 2019. Foi aplicado o teste de associação X² para a análise bivariada e para análise espacial foi utilizado o software Qgis (versão 3.16.7. Hannover). Nesse período, foram notificados 27289 casos e 21944 casos confirmados de dengue. O município de Teresina (62,9%) e a região de saúde Entre Rios (65,84%) apresentaram os maiores registros. O sexo feminino (58,4%), a faixa entre 20 e 34 anos (33,52%) e a etnia parda (44%) foram os mais afetados. Quanto à escolaridade, 58,5% foram ignorados. Os casos de dengue estão concentrados em polos com grande fluxo populacional. A identificação do perfil epidemiológico, da mesma maneira que os seus principais fatores de risco, é uma forma de auxiliar o sistema de saúde de todo o estado na elaboração de políticas de controle específicas para a população mais vulnerável a doença.
Dengue is an arboviral disease considered global public health challenge, as it provides lasting damage, thus representing a threat to human health. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of dengue cases in Piauí between 2015 and 2019. This was a spatial ecological study of dengue, with data from the Disease Notification Information System (SINAN) from 2015 to 2019. The X² association test was applied for the bivariate analysis and the Qgis software (version 3.16.7. Hannover) was used for spatial analysis. During this period, 27,289 cases and 21,944 confirmed cases of dengue were reported. The city of Teresina (62.9%) and the health region Entre Rios (65.84%) had the highest records. Females (58.4%), between 20 and 34 years old (33.52%) and mixed race (44%) were the most affected. As for education, 58.5% did not respond. Dengue cases are concentrated in poles with large population flows. The identification of the epidemiological profile, as well as its main risk factors, is a way to help the health system of the entire state to elaborate specific control policies for the population most vulnerable to the disease.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent non-melanoma skin cancer. Curettage and electrosurgery is probably the method most commonly used by dermatologists for the treatment of small and low risk BCCs. However, one is unable to determine the persistence of any residual tumor. This study was carried out in order to demonstrate the presence of such tumoral cells after curettage and electrofulguration. METHODS: 20 primary BCC outpatients were studied at the Dermatology Service of Getúlio Vargas Hospital in the city of Teresina--State of Piauí--Brazil, with lesions of up to 1 cm in diameter on the face, and up to 1.5 cm elsewhere, and with no clinical signs of sclerosing and micronodular forms. Patients were anesthetized with 2% lidocaine with vasoconstrion and the lesions were curetted. Electrofulguration was conducted throughout the curetted area and 1 millimeter beyond. After two curettage and electrofulguration cycles, an incision around the resultant ulcer was made 2 mm beyond the visible bloody borders and in the base to the middle of subcutaneous fat. Two straight incisions were also carried out intersecting the lesion center, dividing it into quadrants. Each quadrant was incised and then fixed with 10% formalin. The quadrants and the fragments resulting from the curettage were in paraffin and histopathologically tested through hematoxylin/eosin stains and immunohistochemistry with Ber-EP4 marker. RESULTS: There was evidence of persistent BCC in 5 of the 20 sites treated (25%): four (20%) in one quadrant and one (5%) in all four quadrants. 70-100% of tumor cells expressed Ber-EP4 in all 20 BCCs. CONCLUSIONS: The persistence of tumoral residues after 2 curettage and electrofulguration cycles for basal cell carcinoma was found in 5 sites treated (25%). Despite the small cohort, such findings are very similar to those of other studies that applied curettage and electrocoagulation and indicated the probability of 25% of tumoral persistence.
