[Morphologic changes due to hyperthermia (experimental study)]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia pri peregrevanii (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

Acute and chronic overheating appeared to induce similar shock reaction in all organs, with systemic disorders of microcirculation. The organs demonstrated irreversible hemodynamic disturbances with secondary hypoxic injury. Structural disorders in organs result in their functional deficiency and subsequent pathologic conditions.

[Clinical and morphologic characteristics of lung cancer in miners of Krivoy Rog iron-ore region and of uranium mines of Zhovti Vody]. / Kliniko-morfolohichni osoblyvosti raku leheniv u hirnykiv Kryvoriz'koho zalizorudnoho baseinu ta uranovykh shakht m. Zhovti vody.

Clinical and morphological features of cancer were observed in two groups of miners (of Krivoy Rog iron-ore and Zholty Vody uranium mines), working in hazardous labour conditions. In both of groups the disease course had typical features for lung cancer. Roentgenologic changes were observed, central cancer of left and right lung was revealed by bronchoscopy method. In all the cases lung cancer was morphologically proved and classified as squamous. Rapid progression of the disease and late medical aid appealability cause the patients consulted with their doctors only at the stage of II-III, sometimes III of the disease and it makes a distinction of lung cancer in miners of iron-ore and uranium mines. In order to prevent such a late diagnostics all the miners should be referred to the group of risk on lung cancer.

[Bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of occupational pulmonary diseases in miners]. / Bronkhoal'veoliarnyi lavazh v diahnostytsi profesiinykh lehenevykh zakhvoriuvan' u hirnykiv.

One of objective methods of early and differential diagnosis of occupational pulmonary diseases in miners (pneumoconiosis, silicotuberculosis, dust bronchitis) is bronchoscopy with a cytologic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAF). BAF-examination was carried out in a total of 88 patients with incipient and advanced forms of dust bronchitis, pneumoconiosis and silicotuberculosis. A direct relationship has been revealed between a decline in local cell-bound immunity caused by a dust-inducted affection mononuclear phagocytes and advancing of stages of dust-related diseases.

[Significance of immunoenzyme analysis in early diagnosis of dust bronchitis]. / Znachennia imunofermentnoho analizu dlia rann'oï diahnostyky pylovoho bronkhitu.

Measurement of levels of antibodies to a causative agent of tuberculosis with the aid of the enzyme immunoassay can serve as one of methods for early diagnosis of infectious- and dust diseases. Patients with clinically established diagnosis of dust bronchitis, latent silicotuberculosis and manifest silicotuberculosis demonstrated a significantly higher level of antituberculous antibodies in blood plasma as compared to controls. Establishment of the above fact permits regarding a major proportion of dust bronchitis as a silicotuberculous process.

[Some aspects of morphological manifestations of chronic gastritis in miners]. / Osobennosti morfologicheskikh proiavlenii khronicheskogo gastrita u gornorabochikh.

Morphology was studied together with the condition of the local cell-bound immunity in 24 patients who were not exposed to occupational hazards in their occupations and in 32 miners with a long length of service. The above subjects underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy involving taking of gastrobiopsy specimens. In miners there prevailed chronic atrophic gastritis. Immune mechanisms are involved in its pathogenesis, which fact is evidenced by the lymphoid-and-plasmocellular infiltration of the mucous membrane with a plentiful concentration of plasmatic cells and formation of lymphoid folliculi. They run their course against the background of an apparent lowering of local cellular defence, which event determines progression of chronic atrophic gastritis.

[The diagnosis of chronic dust-induced bronchitis]. / Diagnostika khronicheskogo pylevogo bronkhita.

In dust-induced bronchitis, alterations in the pulmonary parenchyma present themselves in the main cellular indices for bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL), thought to be of much importance to its diagnosis. A total of 53 patients with initial and manifest forms of dust bronchitis underwent BAL. There has been found the following: a decrease in the mononuclear phagocyte system cells (MPhS) reflecting the state of local cellular immunity; rise in the amounts of coniophages, suggesting phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages (AM) and dust blockade of MPhS cells; emergence and augmentation of counts of gigantic Pirogov-Langhans' cells characteristic of tuberculous granulomas, and also decrease in the counts of lymphocytes. There is a striking decrement in the vitality of AM, with polycytosis being commonly seen. Detection of granular forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in BAL and Pirogov-Langhans' cells enables a major proportion of "dust-induced bronchitis" to be considered as belonging to the silicotuberculous process.

[The morphological changes in the body during overheating]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia v organizme pri peregrevanii.

Acute and chronic overheating causes considerable circulatory disorders in internals of experimental animals determined morphologically by systemic lesion of microcirculatory blood vessels. Acute overheating was established to be complicated by heatstroke manifesting in acute failure of vitals--lungs, brain and myocardium. Microcirculatory lesion in chronic overheating is caused by irreversible disorders of blood circulation, secondary hypoxic damage of organs and tissues with their functional failure.

[The role of cytological studies in the clinical management of dust-induced occupational diseases]. / Mesto tsitologicheskikh issledovanii v klinike pylevykh profzabolevanii.

Mineral dusts induced immunopathies in silicosis patients can be traced through changes in the composition, quantity and activity of the mononuclear phagocytic system detected in broncho-pulmonary secretions. It was established that the development of chronic non-specific pulmonary diseases and dust bronchites were caused by local immunopathies. A cytologic test for pulmonary and bronchial local protection was proposed through determining the degrees of pathologic developments, gravity of bronchitis, its predominant syndromes, and surveillance of the therapeutic course.

[The prevention of gastroduodenal diseases in metallurgists]. / Profilaktika gastroduodenal'nykh zabolevanii u metallurgov.

Prophylactic treatment was carried out in 32 metallurgists suffering of gastroduodenal diseases. The treatment included Eleutherococcus, alpha-tocopherol acetate, methyuracil, milfoil, nettle leaves, wort and camomile leaves, oxygen foam cocktails. Clinical, biochemical, immunological, endoscopic and morphological examinations revealed efficiency of the prophylactic treatment.

[State of the myocardium under the effect of high temperature of the environment (a clinico-experimental study)]. / Sostoianie miokarda pri vozdeistvii vysokoi temperatury okruzhaiushchei sredy (kliniko-éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

The labour conditions in heat treatment shops caused the sympathetic-adrenal system's tension which was preserved in the rehabilitation period and led to ECG functional shifts. The probable traces of IHD and myocardium hypoxia were 2.7 times as often as in the workers engaged in general shops. The cardiomyocytes' damages were proved by higher levels of creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase in the blood of heat treatment shop workers.

[The morphological determination of immune reactivity in coniotuberculosis]. / Morfologicheskoe opredelenie immunnoi reaktivnosti pri koniotuberkuleze.

A study was performed on the immune reactivity of coniotuberculosis cases among iron-ore miners from initial to developed stages by means of a postmortem morphometric analysis of the pathologic changes. It was revealed that the disease was characterized by a marked decrease in immune reactivity which progressed along with the disease. It was established that the process was influenced by the age, the ferrum oxide (III) and cremnium dioxide content in the lungs, and the TB infection as such. Much influence was also caused by other sporadic environmental factors.

[Diagnostic errors in silicotuberculosis (clinical-autopsy comparisons)]. / Oshibki v diagnostike silikotuberkuleza (kliniko-sektsionnye sopostavleniia).

Basing on 42 post-mortem examinations of silicotuberculosis cases, the contributors display the most frequently encountered errors in diagnosing this disease. Silicotuberculous bronchadenitis, conglomerate-cirrhotic lower-lobe silicotuberculosis and their complications (e.g. concomitant pericarditis and endobronchitis) are the most difficult cases for detection. To avoid diagnostic errors, a most detailed case history study is needed, along with a complex clinico-functional and tomography examinations, a wide use of endoscopy and bacteriological techniques.

[Characteristics of the course of gastroduodenal diseases in metallurgy workers]. / Osobennosti techeniia zabolevanii gastroduodenal'noi zony u metallurgov.

Questionnaires were distributed among 1500 heat treatment metallurgic workers and 612 workers engaged in normal temperature working conditions. The former group had a markedly higher level of gastroduodenal damages. The risk-factors, apart from the behavioral ones, included working in shifts, irregular nutrition. The major diseases were gastroduodenitis with ulcerous clinical manifestations, and high-degree acid formation and consequent pathologic developments in the antral section of the stomach and the duodenal bulb.

[Bronchoscopic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in miners]. / Bronkhoskopicheskaia diagnostika tuberkuleza legkikh u gornorabochikh.

Two hundred and thirty nine records of bronchoscopic examination of miners from iron ore mines, including 114 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were studied and the frequency of specific and nonspecific endobronchitis and functional, anatomical and hemocirculatory disorders was determined. Qualitative estimation of the endoscopic symptoms and computer-assisted analysis enabled one to validate the direct and probabilistic bronchoscopically evident signs of active tuberculosis. The data on the mature, frequency and diagnostic value of some endoscopic signs should be considered in differentiation of tuberculosis in miners (without pneumoconiosis).