Desempenho motor e índice de massa corporal em crianças de cinco anos / Motor performance and body mass index in children of five years

As crianças estão cada vez mais utilizando brincadeiras e jogos eletrônicos, passando muitas horas diante da televisão e isso pode atrapalhar o processo de desenvolvimento motor bem como o desenvolvimento do processo de sobrepeso e obesidade. A educação física escolar é um importante aliado na promoção de hábitos de vida mais ativos, sendo a educação infantil a primeira etapa de escolarização e prática de atividades motoras desta fase é fundamental. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e o desempenho motor de escolares com idade de cinco anos dos Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil em Divinópolis/MG. O desempenho motor foi avaliado com o Teste de Coordenação Corporal para Crianças (Körperkoodinations test Für Kinder ­ KTK) composto por quatro testes: equilibrar-se andando de costas, saltos monopedais, saltos laterais e transposição lateral sobre plataforma. O IMC foi calculado a partir de medidas de peso e altura. Os resultados do presente estudo demonstram que 80,65% da amostra apresenta deficiência na coordenação motora, e quando comparado entre os sexos, os meninos apresentaram melhor coordenação motora que as meninas. Ao analisar o IMC e a coordenação motora não foi encontrada qualquer relação significativa entre eles. Pode-se concluir com o presente estudo que o IMC não influenciou no desempenho motor dos alunos, e que a maioria dos alunos está com a coordenação motora abaixo do esperado. A falta de aulas de educação física com o professor especialista e estímulos específicos para o desenvolvimento motor podem ter contribuído para os resultados encontrados neste estudo, reforçando a necessidade do professor de educação física n o ensino infantil.(AU)

: Children are increasingly using games and electronic games, spending many hours in front of the television and this can hinder the process of motor development as well as the development of overweight and obesity. School physical education is an important ally in the promotion of more active life habits, with early childhood education being the first stage of schooling and the practice of motor activities in this phase is fundamental. The objective of this study was to evaluate the body mass index (BMI) and the motor performance of schoolchildren aged five years old from the Municipal Centers of Early Childhood Education in Divinópolis / MG. Motor performance was assessed with the Body Coordination Test for Children (Körperkoordinations test Für Kinder - KTK) composed of four tests: balance on your back, single-legged jumps, lateral jumps and lateral transposition on a platform. BMI was calculated from weight and height measurements. The results of the present study showed that 80.65% of the sample has impaired motor coordination, and when compared between genders, boys showed better motor coordination than girls. When analyzing BMI and motor coordination, no significant relationship was found between them. It can be concluded with the present study that the BMI did not influence the motor performance of the students, and that the majority of the students have motor coordination below the expected. The lack of physical education classes with the specialist teacher and specific stimuli for motor development may have contributed to the results found in this study, reinforcing the need for physical education teachers in early childhood education.(AU)

Life History Traits of the Snapping Shrimp Alpheus carlae (Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the South-eastern Coast of Brazil.

The life history traits of the snapping shrimp Alpheus carlae were investigated. We evaluated the relative growth, morphological sexual maturity, sexual dimorphism, handedness, fecundity, and egg volume. Sampling was performed monthly in an estuarine region of Cananéia, in the south-eastern coast of Brazil. The following structures were measured to perform the relative growth analysis: length of carapace and second pleonal pleuron, length, width and height of major cheliped propodus, and length of appendix interna and appendix masculina. Juveniles and adults males and females have different growth patterns, indicating distinct strategies of energy allocation. The estimated carapace length at the onset of morphological sexual maturity of females and males was 5.6 mm and 6.2 mm, respectively. The sexual dimorphism of specific body structures was evident, mainly in the appendix interna of females and major cheliped of males. There was no evidence of handedness in females or males. The mean fecundity of females was 364 ± 204 eggs (mean ± SD) eggs and was positively correlated with the carapace length. The egg volume differed between developmental stages I and II, and I and III, with an overall volume increase of 73.23% and 95.45%, respectively. The results contribute to the knowledge about A. carlae and its life history in natural environment.