[Sygmoid endometriosis].

A case of sygmoid endometriosis is described in a 40-year-old female. After clinical and endoscopic examination, the patient was operated for sigmoid tumor, acute obturation colon obstruction. Histologically diagnosis of intestinal wall endometriosis was established. This is an example of therapeutic policy in extragenital intestinal endometriosis with difficulties in the clinical diagnosis.

[Classification of pancreatic exocrine tumours].

Current international histologic classification of exocrine pancreatic tumours is presented. Macro- and microscopic characteristics of benign and malignant tumors are described. The role of immunohistochemistry in differential diagnosis is shown.

[Monoclonal antibody therapy with mabtera of patients with b-cell low grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

The data on monoclonal antibody monotherapy (mabtera, rituximab) in 44 patients with B-cell low grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were assessed. Thirty-four of them had received several courses of second- or third line chemotherapy: mabtera was used as first-line therapy in 10. Mabtera was administered in a dose of 375 mg/m2 body surface, once a week, by slow intravenous infusion, 4-14 times depending on effect. Each relapsing patient received, on the average, 4 infusions, while each refractory one--8 weekly infusions. Overall response in the first group was 44%. Median overall relapse-free survival was 9 months. Apparenti effect of treatment was reported in 50% of primary patients (median overall relapse-free survival--15 months). Therapy was well tolerated. Fever and shivering stage I and II were among the most frequent post-infusion effects. High level of CD-20+B-lymphocytes should be used as prognostic indicator for effectiveness of therapy.

[Intraductal intraepithelial neoplasia and ductal pancreatic carcinoma].

The review of modern achievements in morphology and genetic characteristics of pancreatic tumors with ductal phenotype is presented. Problems of intraductal pancreatic neoplasia (PanIN) as precancerous process for ductal adenocarcinoma are considered in detail.

[Merkel's cell cancer]. / Rak iz kletok Merkelia.

The authors present histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of a rare skin tumor--merkelioma.

[Modern radiology in the differential diagnosis of breast diseases accompanied by calcium micromasses]. / Sovremennaia radiologiia v differentsial'noi diagnostike zabolevanii molochnoi zhelezy, soprovozhdaiushchikhsia mikrokal'tsinatami.

The study was undertaken to enhance the efficiency of diagnosis of breast cancer shown up as calcium micromasses since breast diseases appear as clusters of 50-600-um calciferous inclusions that are not inclined to the formation of conglomerates without a visible node on a X-ray film, may be a manifestation of both sclerosing adenosis and nonpalpable cancer. Of the examined 4500 females aged 15 to 83 years, breast calcium masses were detected in 207. Of them, 39 females were found to have clustered calcium micromasses without a node on a X-ray film; in them cancer and sclerosing adenosis were diagnosed in 28 (71.8%) and 11 (28.2%) females, respectively. Examination was made by using clinical, mammographic, and sonographic studies. Intervention radiology and pathomorphological studies were studied. This has yielded a number of signs that are characteristic of malignant and benign diseases attended by clusters of calcium micromasses in a restricted area without a visible node on X-ray films that assist in making a correct preoperative conclusion with a greater probability in 80%.

[Cutaneous pseudolymphomas]. / Psevdolimfomy kozhi.

Histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of principal types of skin pseudolymphomas, their differential diagnosis with true skin lymphomas are outlined.

[Cytologic differential diagnosis of various peripheral lung cancers]. / Tsitologicheskaia differentsial'naia diagnostika razlichnykh variantov perifericheskikh opukholei lëgkikh.

The data on 25 cases of histologically verified bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and papillary adenocarcinoma are discussed. Reliable differential diagnostic cytological features of both diseases were established using a statistical, program and fine-needle biopsy findings. Statistical analysis data pointed to the sets of cytological features: "serial pattern--clear cell boundaries" and "serial pattern--presence of macrovacuoles" as a major factor of accuracy of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma and papillary adenocarcinoma diagnosis. These cytological features may be used for reliable diagnosis of the diseases.

[Tumors of the thymus]. / Opukholi vilochkovoi zhelezy.

Tumours of the thymus include heterogenic group of benign and malignant organ-specific (thymomas and carcinoma) and organ-nonspecific (neuroendocrine, germinogenic tumours, lymphomas and others) neoplasms. Histologic classifications are now the most useful for the correlation with prognosis and clinical manifestations. It is obligatory to do verification of the progression stage.

[Pagetoid reticulosis]. / Pedzhetoidnyi retikulez.

Pagetoid reticulosis is a rare form of T-cell skin lymphoma. A case of this disease is reported.

[Combination therapy of lung cancer with metastatic pleurisy]. / Kombinirovannoe lechenie raka lëgkogo pri metastaticheskom plevrite.

The data on the surgical and combined treatment of 35 cases of lung cancer associated with pleural effusion detected during surgery have been evaluated. Mean 5-year survival was 68.5%, pleural effusion--70%.

[Eccrine mucinous adenocarcinoma]. / Ekkrinnaia mutsinoznaia adenokartsinoma.

A case of a rare malignant tumour of the sweat glands is reported. Such tumors are often taken for visceral adenocarcinoma metastasis. The tumor was diagnosed by means of immunohistochemistry.

[Cytological differential diagnosis of different variants of peripheral lung tumors]. / Tsitologicheskaia differentsial'naia diagnostika razlichnykh variantov perifericheskikh opukholei legkikh.

Cytological differential diagnostic features of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma and papillary adenocarcinoma are established basing on the material of needle biopsies by means of Statistica program. It is found that the strongest influence on the cytological diagnosis of these two tumors is associated with the following pairs of cytological features: lane--clear-cut cell borders and lane--the presence of macrovacuoles.

[Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma]. / Endovaskuliarnaia papilliarnaia angioéndotelioma.

One case of a rare vascular tumor which occurs mainly in the childhood is presented. The tumor has a tendency to recurrence and metastases into the regional lymph nodes in spite of a relatively mature structure.

[Bronchoalveolar neoplasms]. / Bronkhoal'veoliarnyi rak.

This review concerns the development and progression of one of the forms of peripheral lung cancer--bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma (BAC). The study is based on the comparison of roentgenological, histological, immunohistochemical examinations and results of surgical treatment of 482 patients with this tumor. Morphological and clinical variants of BAC are defined. It is confirmed that their biological behavior may vary within the forms and differ from common adenocarcinoma. A close correlation exists between clinicoroentgenological picture and histological form of BAC.

[Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the lung]. / Atipichnaia adenomatoznaia giperplaziia legkikh.

Clinicomorphological analysis was performed in 12 cases of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the lung (AAH). This is the proliferative lesion consisting of atypical epithelial cells along the alveolar septa which are found incidentally during pathologic examination of the lung resected because of cancer. We studied morphological and biological characteristics of AAH cells including cytodifferentiation, proliferative activity, tumor-suppressor genes. Our review of the studies of AAH revealed that AAH is alveolar intraepithelial dysplasia and a precursor of lung adenocarcinoma. AAH is an important lesion corresponding to a step in carcinogenesis for peripheral lung adenocarcinomas.

[Role of induction chemo- and radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advance breast cancer]. / Znachenie induktsionnoi luchevoi i khimioterapii v lechenii mestnorasprostranennogo raka molochnoi zhelezy.

336 patients with locally-advanced breast cancer underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Increase in T- and N-indices (change of stage after neoadjuvant chemotherapy) proved an important prognostic factor. Survival rates correlated with clinical effect and dropped as it diminished. This tendency was clear in both groups. There was no relationship between stage and overall and disease-free survival rates at early stages but later they declined as T- and N-indices decreased.